Showing papers on "Heating system published in 1992"

Vehicle cooling system

Abstract: An electric-hybrid type vehicle, has a main electric drive and motor and an auxiliary internal combustion engine drive. The vehicle includes an integrated liquid cooling/heating system for the electric drive power supply and the motor and the auxiliary internal combustion engine, whereby heat removed from the electric drive power supply can be supplied to the auxiliary internal combustion engine to pre-heat it. A space heater may also be provided and supplied with heat from the drive power supply and from the traction motor.

Radiant floor and wall hydronic heating systems

Abstract: A hydronic heating system that has a boiler supplying hot supply water, a reservoir of cooler return water, a supply water line, a return water line and one or more heating loops through which water flows from the supply line to the return line, the heating loop including a heating element that is a length of tubing that conducts water from the supply to the return and is mounted in a wall or a floor of an area heated by said system by RFH or RWH has: a thermally conductive plate mounted in the area floor or wall, adjacent a surface thereof and a space defined at least in part by said plate, in which the length of tubing is held and a compliant filler material fills the space between the tubing and the plate, so that the tubing is held in the space in intimate thermal contact with the plate, so that the plate is heated by conduction of heat from the tubing and the plate has a radiating surface that radiates heat to the area The plate with slot is provided as a modular piece and several such modular pieces are arranges in line attached to the sub-flooring for RFH, or the wall studs for RWH, for insertion of the length of tubing in the aligned slots thereof; and following such insertion, the installation is ready for a finishing floor or wall covering Thus, RFH or RWH is installed "dry" (without wet concrete, cement or plasted) and can be accessed later by removing the finishing cover

Self-contained hand-held solar chest

Abstract: A portable, hand-held, completely self-contained, solar energy device that uses only sunlight and solar energy to power a thermoelectric or mechanical chemical cooling and heating system for the use, storage or transportation, of substances requiring temperature tempering or a temperature controlled environment in low, high and medium temperature ranges in an insulated storage chest with an accessible storage cooling or heating chamber of usable practical volume, of at least one cubic foot, with a permanently attached adjustable solar energy collector array of 3.5 square feet for the medium temperature range and 7 square feet for the low and high temperature ranges, that can be carried and operated by the average adult, child and laymen between 60 degrees global north and south latitudes, annually.

Air intake heating method and device for internal combustion engines

Abstract: An air intake heating system and method for heating intake air for internal combustion engines is disclosed including a microprocessor based controller, intake manifold air temperature monitoring means, engine speed monitoring means, and electrical air heating elements actuated by the controller in response to various combinations of sensed engine speed, sensed intake manifold air temperature and sensed battery condition. Air intake heating is provided to assist cold weather starting of engines as well as for minimizing white smoke pollutants produced by diesel engines after starting of the engine and as required thereafter during engine operation.

Microprocessor-based boiler controller

Abstract: A microprocessor-based sequencer for a multiple boiler heating system which allows the plural boilers to operate in a base load mode whereby one or more boilers can be made to operate at their optimum operating points and as the heating demand changes, a swing boiler accommodates the change, leaving the other(s) at their Preferred Load value until the swing boiler can no longer satisfy the demand change. At this point, the sequencer adjusts the base load level away from the preferred load set-point.

Evaporative cooling/heating system with roof-mounted water tank

Abstract: An evaporative cooling system for mounting on the roof of a vehicle in which the sole source of water supply for the evaporative media in the system is contained in a low-profile housing mounted above the roof line of the vehicle.

Optimal Building Energy Management: Part I—Modeling

Abstract: In this paper, the authors analyze the advantages of solving building energy management problems with the techniques of optimal control. Our approach consists of describing the dynamic behavior of a heated building with a simple model and controlling the whole system by minimizing a criterion defined for a time horizon of a few days. The two control components are the heat delivered to the building, and the variable heat exchange through the building envelope. In Part I, input (control and meteorological data) and output (indoor temperature) are related through a simplified state-space representation of the building. part II is devoted to the actual computation of the control input. Results are given for two categories of buildings: The first is characterized by important direct solar gains. The inside structure is of low thermal inertia and so is the heating system. The second type of building is well insulated, with less glazing and less solar gain. The heavy internal structure of the building and the distribution of heat give a large thermal inertia to the system.

Motor vehicle fluid heating device with heat storage

Abstract: A vehicle heating system supplied with coolant from the engine and in the case of which there is a bypass connecting limbs of the heating circuit extending downstream from the engine and, respectively, upstream therefrom, is provided in the heating circuit with a heat storage means, which is arranged on the heating side separately from the bypass and preferably in series with the vehicle heating system.

Numerical solution of nonlinear hyperbolic equations governing a regenerative closed-cycle adsorption cooling and heating system

Abstract: The transient heat and mass transfer occurring in a regenerative closed-cycle adsorption cooling/heating system is governed by coupled nonlinear hyperbolic equations. These equations are solved by means of an iterative numerical scheme based on physical arguments. The numerical solution is used to carry out a parametric study of the effect of various design parameters and operating conditions on the system performance, including the evaporator and condenser temperatures and inert material thermal capacitance.

Method and controlling a heating system and device for carrying out the method

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for controlling the average flow rate of heat supplied to individual spaces of a central heating installation consisting of a plurality of spaces and/or groups of spaces, in which system the degree of opening of control valves fitted to heating bodies of individual spaces is measured and this degree of opening is taken into account in the control of the average flow rate of heat. The flow rate of heat supplied to the spaces is thereby varied according to heat demand signals (W). These are derived from a control difference (R) and the degree of opening (y) of the control valves.

Simulation of Sintering Experiments in Single-Mode Cavities

Abstract: The use of single-mode cavities has been recognized as a viable technique for sintering and joining ceramics and for creating microwave plasma for materials processing. It is often reported, however, that tuning these cavities at lower and higher temperatures critically depends on the types of materials being processed, the variation of e* as a function of temperature, the size and shape of samples, and the overall heating system configuration with and without insulation. In this paper we use the finite-difference time-domain technique to address the performance of the single-mode cavity heating system under a wide variety of heating conditions and system configurations. Specifically, practical issues such as limiting values of sample sizes, the dependence of optimal sample sizes on the complex permittivity of materials under test, the role of sample shape on enhancing uniformity of heating patterns, and various tradeoffs involved in utilizing various cavity modes and/or SiC rods as stimulus for heating large samples are evaluated.

Fuel oil meter verification and usage monitoring means for heating systems

Abstract: A meter verifies the amount of fuel oil being delivered through a pulse transmission to a computer which then records the time, date and quantity of delivery. Through a pad keyboard on the computer or through a remote transmission, entry can be made of the per gallon/liter fuel cost together with a separate entry covering the tax charges of any single delivery. The computer also records the time and date when the heating system is operational and contains a flow meter to track and record the amount of fuel being consumed by the burner system during operation. The computer stores these details for either on-site printouts or through remote transmission while also providing calculations of consumption and comparison cost analysis of all deliveries and usage within any required timeframe.

Method and device for regulating and limiting the power of a heating plate made of ceramic or similar material.

Abstract: A method is described for regulating and limiting the power of a heating plate made of ceramic or similar material, in particular a glass-ceramic cooking plate. In a heating plate in which the individual heating zones are in each case heated by a plurality of heating elements which can be switched and controlled independently of one another, it is provided according to the invention that the individual heating elements are switched and regulated independently of one another, by means of a plurality of temperature sensors which are independent of one another and are arranged in the region of the heating zone such that all the points of the regions which are significant for one load case, particularly local hotspots, are detected, in such a manner that the power distribution in the heating zone region is largely matched to the locally different heat extraction. This has the advantage that the heating system can be used optimally, while the thermal stress of the heating plate material is, however, reduced.

Effect of microwave heating on pyrazine formation in a model system

Abstract: The role played by microwave heating was contrasted with conventional heating in pyrazine formation using a model system containing glucose, glycine and base. The data obtained from this study showed clearly that the heating system, and the time and temperature of heating, greatly influenced pyrazine formation and pyrazine distribution. Kinetic studies indicated that pyrazine formation follows pseudo zero order reaction rates, and this order is the same regardless of the heating method used.

External condition control input for central heating system - has inputs from external humidity and temperature sensors used to control the internal set point to maintain constant comfort level

Abstract: A heating system for use in single or multiple family houses has valve (V) that is controlled to direct water from the boiler (60) to the radiators and is motor (40) driven. The temperature controller (30) receives an input from an external temperature sensor (10) and an external humidity sensor (20). Coupled to the sensors is a switching unit that allows the signals to be combined. This has a switch (22) and resistor (23). The operating set point of the system is adjusted dependent upon the relative humidity and external temperatures. In particular for relative humidity of less than 70%, the room temperature can be reduced by 2 to 3 deg.C for the same comfort level. ADVANTAGE - Improves effectiveness and efficiency of heating system.

Oil consumption counter

Abstract: An improved electronic measuring system which not only determines the amount of fuel oil consumed by a home, office, or factory heating system, but also detects leaks in underground fuel storage tanks, errors in oil deliveries, heating system problems such as clogged nozzles, lines, filters, etc. and declining heating system efficiencies. The measuring system consists of an electromagnetic counter, printed circuit board with electronics, transformer, and dipswitches which are located in an enclosed housing. The device calculates fuel consumption rate via a mathematical algorithm based on burner nozzle size, fuel pump pressure, and burner flame-on time. Errors in count are avoided by using the burner's photo-optic cell output, and maintaining constant power to the electronics.

Water store for heating system - comprises insulated cylinder containing domestic hot water storage and heating storage units separated by horizontal plate

Abstract: Water storage for a heating system comprises an insulated cylinder with connections for heat exchangers and thermostats, and flow and return pipes. Inside the cylinder is a buffer zone (14) for domestic hot water and another (15) for the heating sepd. by a horizontal flat plate welded to the cylinder wall (16). The domestic hot water storage with its connections for warm and cold water, circulation and thermostat is welded to the upper part (21) of the cylinder (18). USE/ADVANTAGE - An economic design which needs no additional regulator or controls.

Aircraft fuel heating system

Abstract: An aircraft fuel heating system is described comprising a driven viscous drag generator 4, typically in the form of an electric motor or a hydraulic or pneumatic motor driving a viscous drag generator, and a fuel pump 7 for causing fuel to flow in the viscous drag generator whereby it is caused to be heated by viscous drag produced therein.

Models and Methods for Optimization of District Heating Systems.: Part II: Models and Control Methods

Abstract: The second part of the main documentation for a larger project having the purpose of developing and testing models and methods which could lead to improved control and supervision of district heating systems. Special emphasis is laid upon the use of the established methods for prediction and control. Some recently established nonlinear models for loads are described in addition to the basic theoretical and statistical approaches. Various methods are analyzed by simulation alone, some are implemented in a software tool (PRESS: PRognose- og EnergiStyrings-System = Prognosis and Energy Control System) for improved control and supervision. The use of these systems, it is claimed, will lead to considerable energy savings, on average a temperature saving of 9 degrees centigrade. A specific district heating system in Varde and Esbjerg (Denmark) is described, and also the intermediate take-out condensing units at Veskraft power station. It is explained how j-step predictions of heat load can be obtained by using the formulated models. The subject of development of controllers for optimization of district heating systems is discussed in detail. Here, minimum variance controllers and its modifications, alternative Linear Quadratic Gaussian, and multi-step controllers are dealt with. These controllers are able to adapt to changes in dynamical characteristics of the system and can be easily installed at new loctions. The computer programme PRESS and the temperature savings obtained are also described. (AB) (32 refs.).

Preheater for oil burner - has at least one fuel conducting duct making contact with electrical heating system

Abstract: The conducting line section is surrounded closely esp. by the heat transmitting heater, at least in the heating region of the preheater. The heater (5) at its side has such a cross section, that its surface line, at least at one place (6) is designed as a straight line. One heating system (2) at least is provided, at one level casing surface, formed by at least one such straight line (6) in the continuous flow direction. The heating system (2) makes close thermal contact with the largest part of the casing surface. USE/ADVANTAGE - Preheating of heating oil before nozzle in burner nozzle assemblies. Simple as possible construction. Easily produced and ensures effective thermal coupling in fuel conducting line(s). Creates possibility of short burner nozzle assemblies.

Electrically heated food container for catering supplies and mobile kitchen - has resistive heating element incorporated into base of container with contact pads for heating

Abstract: The container is made from insulating material and has the conducting heating strips on the underside. The container is placed into a recess with electric contacts and connected to a low voltage supply to heat the food prior to delivery. The heating power is such that the heating is only required prior to delivery allowing cooled transport for the majority of the time. The heating elements can be 12V for connecting to a vehicle electric system. The storage containers are thermally insulating and have contacts for connecting to the vehicle supply. The electric contact is made by downwards pressure onto the contact tags when the container is loaded into the recess. ADVANTAGE - Low cost heating system, simple electric supply used.

Remote control for a domestic heating system

Abstract: My family own a house in a remote area of the scottish highlands which is often impossible to reach during the winter due to snow. It is then, when it is so cold, that it is essential, but impossible to switch on the central heating to stop the pipes from freezing.I have developed a system that is able to activate the central heating in the house in scotland from any destination by means of telephone communication.

Technology for discrete heat-pipe heating system

Abstract: This discrete type heat-pipe heating system is composed of heater, heat-pipe heater, heat-pipe radiator, heat-pipe shower and heat-pipe humidifier. It mainly features as follows: its heater is a houshold stove, water heater, or existing small steam boiler; the heat-pipe heater as the part of combustion box and flue is put in said heater; the heat-pipe radiators is a closed convection one made of serially connected steel plates, or a plate-wound steel-tube one, which are linked according to steam heating installation to construct this system. Besides radiator, heat-pipe shower and heat-pipe humidifier may be included to form a multifunctional civil living facilities.

Electric laundry dryer features drum - featuring pot-shaped niche perforated on all sides to accommodate heating

Abstract: Electric laundry dryer has a drum, which rotates round a horizontal axis and has a perforated niche directed inwards for accommodating a heating system. A fan conveys the dry air by the heating system into the drum. The heating system is located as close as possible to the walls of the pot-shaped niche. The walls are perforated on all sides. ADVANTAGE - Energy consumption of the evaporation or drying process is reduced.

Floor heating system in building - follows program of gradual heating with temp. being raised in steps

Abstract: A method of putting into operation floor heating introduces a staged programme of raising the flow temp. by defined steps and timed intervals, from the lowest value to the highest. Such stages (1,2,3,4) can be individually introduced. The preferred stages are of five deg.C and at intervals of twenty four hours, working from a low of twenty deg.C to a high of thirty five deg.C. USE/ADVANTAGE - Avoids problems arising out of an improper heating of a stone or clay floor.