Showing papers on "Identity (philosophy) published in 1968"
Book•
01 Jan 1968
TL;DR: Deleuze's "Difference and Repetition" as discussed by the authors, an exposition of the critique of identity, has come to be considered a contemporary classic in philosophy and one of the most important works in French philosophy.
Abstract: Since its publication in 1968, "Difference and Repetition," an exposition of the critique of identity, has come to be considered a contemporary classic in philosophy and one of Deleuze's most important works. The text follows the development of two central concepts, those of pure difference and complex repetition. It shows how the two concepts are related, difference implying divergence and decentring, repetition being associated with displacement and disguising. The work moves deftly between Hegel, Kierkegaard, Freud, Althusser and Nietzsche to establish a fundamental critique of Western metaphysics, and has been a central text in initiating the shift in French thought - away from Hegel and Marx, towards Nietzsche and Freud.
3,365 citations
50 citations
TL;DR: The object of the present paper is to extend Kripke's result to obtain a strong completeness theorem for the intuitionistic predicate calculus of first order, and show that a formula A of this calculus can be deduced from a set r of formulas if and only if r implies A.
Abstract: In Kripke [8] the first-order intuitionjstic predicate calculus (without identity) is proved semantically complete with respect to a certain model theory, in the sense that every formula of this calculus is shown to be provable if and only if it is valid. Metatheorems of this sort are frequently called weak completeness theorems—the object of the present paper is to extend Kripke's result to obtain a strong completeness theorem for the intuitionistic predicate calculus of first order; i.e., we will show that a formula A of this calculus can be deduced from a set Γ of formulas if and only if Γ implies A. In notes 3 and 5, below, we will indicate how to account for identity, as well. Our proof of the completeness theorem employs techniques adapted from Henkin [6], and makes no use of semantic tableaux; this proof will also yield a Lowenheim-Skolem theorem for the modeling.
45 citations
TL;DR: The chapter describes certain features of the Leibnizian conceptual framework and attempts to incorporate them in the semantics of a formalized language using a first order monadic predicate calculus with identity and necessity.
Abstract: Publisher Summary Logicians frequently make reference to the Leibnizian idea that a proposition is a necessary truth if and only if it is true of all possible worlds when defining logical truth in terms of interpretations or models The same idea is usually mentioned in discussions of the semantics of modal logics However, on further observations it becomes apparent that the concepts of “possible world” employed by modern investigators are quite different from that of Leibniz himself; and although perhaps this is all to the good, there may be some interest in considering what the effect would be if a more strictly Leibnizian approach were followed The chapter describes certain features of the Leibnizian conceptual framework and attempts to incorporate them in the semantics of a formalized language Specifically, the formal system discussed in the chapter is a first order monadic predicate calculus with identity and necessity and also with individual constants that do not in all cases denote A similar system without the modal operator is considered in the chapter in an auxiliary way
45 citations
40 citations
01 Apr 1968
TL;DR: The probable identity of the fossil pollen of Oligocene to Miocene age described as Psilatricolporites crassus Hammen & Wijmstra and that of the recent Theacea Pelliciera rhizophorae Planch have been established and the occurrence in the past is compared with the recent distribution of Pellicira.
Abstract: The probable identity of the fossil pollen of Oligocene to Miocene age described as Psilatricolporites crassus Hammen & Wijmstra and that of the recent Theacea Pelliciera rhizophorae Planch. & Triana has been established. The occurrence in the past is compared with the recent distribution of Pelliciera.
36 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1968
TL;DR: The "Philosophy of science" as mentioned in this paper is a collection of selections from the works of noted philosophers that follow the development of the philosophy of science from 1786 to 1927.
Abstract: This anthology of selections from the works of noted philosophers affords the student an immediate contact with the unique historical background of the philosophy of science. The selections, many of which have not been readily accessible, follow the development of the philosophy of science from 1786 to 1927. Each selection is preceded by a brief introduction by the editor designed to familiarize the reader with a particular philosopher and provide insights into his work. Joseph J. Kockelmans divides the selections into several sections. Part 1, from 17861850, includes chapters by Immanuel Kant, on the metaphysical foundations of natural science, John Frederick William Herschel, on experience and the analysis of phenomena, William Whewell, on the nature and conditions of inductive science, and John Stuart Mill, on induction and the law of universal causation; part 2, from 18701899, includes chapters by Hermann Von Helmholtz, on the origin and significance of geometrical axioms, William Stanley Jevons, on the philosophy of inductive inference, John Bernard Stallo, on the kinetic theory of gasses and the conditions of the validity of scientific hypotheses, Ernst Mach, on the economical nature of physical inquiry, Karl Pearson, on perceptual and conceptual space, Emile Boutroux, on mechanical laws, Heinrich Hertz, on the appropriateness, correctness, and permissibility of scientific theories, and Ludwig Boltzmann, on the fundamental principles and basic equations of mechanics. The third part, covering the first decade of the twentieth century, includes chapters by Henri Jules Poincare, on science and reality, Charles Peirce, on Induction, Pierre Marie Duhem, on the laws of physics, William Ostwald, on energetism and mechanics, Emile Meyerson, on identity of thought and nature as the final goal of science, Ernst Cassirer, on functional concepts of natural science; part 4, from 19101927, includes chapters by Charles Dunbar Broad, on phenomenalism, Alfred North Whitehead, on time, space, and material, Bertrand Russell, on the world of physics and the world of sense, Norman Robert Cambbell, on the meaning of science, Moritz Schlick, on basic issues of the philosophy of natural science, and Percy Williams Bridgman, on the concepts of space, time, and causality. "Philosophy of Science" provides a concise single volume text to the discipline and enables students to understand and evaluate the various trends in our contemporary philosophy of science. "Joseph J. Kockelmans" is professor emeritus of philosophy at the Pennsylvania State Univers
24 citations
21 citations
TL;DR: The identity of a natural product, erroneously reported as a diterpene alcohol from Saussurea lappa Clarke, has been established as 22-dihydrostigmasterol.
Abstract: The identity of a natural product, erroneously reported as a diterpene alcohol from Saussurea lappa Clarke, has been established as 22-dihydrostigmasterol.
19 citations
TL;DR: The only pinnipeds normally found on the Australian coasts are hair seals or sealions (Neophoca) and fur seals (Arctocephalus), but there has been no settled opinion about the number of species.
Abstract: APART from stragglers from the Antarctic and subantarctic regions, the only pinnipeds normally found on the Australian coasts are hair seals or sealions (Neophoca) and fur seals (Arctocephalus). There is no doubt about the identity of the single species of sealion (N. cinerea), but there has been no settled opinion about the number of species of Arctocephalus.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors point out and draw some conclusions from the following identity where and Re (z) < 0, and where A(s, z) and B(m, m) are the well-known auxiliary functions used by Cramer in his explicit solution of the ruin problem for a Poisson risk process with risk sums which may assume positive as well as negative values.
Abstract: Summary In the present paper we point out and draw some conclusions from the following identity where and Re (z) < 0, and where A(s, z) and B(s, z) are the well-known auxiliary functions used by Cramer in his explicit solution of the ruin problem for a Poisson risk process with risk sums which may assume positive as well as negative values.
TL;DR: It is now considered axiomatic by many scholars that the sectarians were Essenes as discussed by the authors, and it was difficult not to follow an unsound method when studying the documents, as one read Josephus, Philo, Pliny, and the Qumran documents as if one were studying authorities describing the same sect.
Abstract: It is now considered axiomatic by many scholars that the sectarians were Essenes. Consequently, at the commencement of this research, it was difficult not to follow an unsound method when studying the documents. As one read Josephus, Philo, Pliny, and the Qumran documents as if one were studying authorities describing the same sect, the unconscious tendency was to resolve the contradictions and to underline points of agreement. When Josephus appeared to conflict with the internal evidence, his testimony was rejected on various grounds; when the sectarian records were silent, without apology the details from Josephus or Philo were fitted in. MILLAR BURROWS' fair judgments are generally respected. He writes:
TL;DR: Ser4-Glu(NH2)8-Oxytocin has been synthesized and the identity of the synthetic compound with the neurohypophysal hormone (Glumitocin) recently isolated from species of cartilaginous is demonstrated.
Abstract: Ser4-Glu(NH2)8-Oxytocin has been synthesized. The identity of the synthetic compound with the neurohypophysal hormone (Glumitocin) recently isolated from species of cartilaginous is demonstrated.
01 Jan 1968
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the conditions générales d'utilisation (http://www.compositio.org/conditions) of the agreement with the Foundation Compositio Mathematica are described.
Abstract: © Foundation Compositio Mathematica, 1968, tous droits réservés. L’accès aux archives de la revue « Compositio Mathematica » (http: //http://www.compositio.nl/) implique l’accord avec les conditions générales d’utilisation (http://www.numdam.org/conditions). Toute utilisation commerciale ou impression systématique est constitutive d’une infraction pénale. Toute copie ou impression de ce fichier doit contenir la présente mention de copyright.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss one of several psychological-literary techniques, descendants of stream of consciousness fiction, which Yifiez employs in exploring the psychic states of the inhabitants of his small, isolated, sin-obsessed town.
Abstract: T HE IMMEDIATE LITERARY record of the Mexican's attempt to establish his historical identity after the Revolution was found in the traditional realistic novel. Not until thirty years after the cessation of hostilities was the best psychological counterpart to the realistic novel to make an appearance. One critic states that only in a broader view, in an artistic sense, can Agustin Yaifiez's Al ilo de agua' be considered a novel of the Revolution, and only if the psychological-philosophical importance of the novel is conceded.2 The Revolution itself is hardly seen or felt in the novel but the smoldering sentiments which led up to the struggle are everywhere in evidence. We propose to discuss one of several psychological-literary techniques, descendants of stream of consciousness fiction,3 which Yifiez employs in exploring the psychic states of the inhabitants of his small, isolated, sin-obsessed town.