Showing papers on "International political economy published in 2019"
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a set of concepts and theories of what market power is, what motivates which agents to use it, and how structure modifies or helps agency to exercise it.
Abstract: International Political Economy (IPE) scholars discussed market power in the past but not in the last couple of decades. Given the importance of both ‘market’ and ‘power’, this is a weakness that IPE should correct. This chapter reviews its past contributions as well as those of other disciplines and offers a set of concepts and theories of what market power is, what motivates which agents to use it, and how structure modifies or helps agency to exercise it. The chapter ends on the challenges to the study of market power represented by the evolving digital economy.
77 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that a feminist political economy of the everyday can be developed in ways that push theorisations of social reproduction in new directions, and they suggest that one way to do this is through the recognition that social reproduction is the everyday alongside a three-part theorisation of space, time, and violence (STV).
Abstract: It goes without saying that feminist International Political Economy (IPE) is concerned in one way or another with the everyday – conceptualised as both a site of political struggle and a site within which social relations are (re)produced and governed. Given the longstanding grounding of feminist research in everyday gendered experiences, many would ask: Why do we need an explicit feminist theorisation of the everyday? After all, notions of everyday life and everyday political struggle infuse feminist analysis. This article seeks to interrogate the concept of the everyday – questioning prevalent understandings of the everyday and asking whether there is analytical and conceptual utility to be gained in articulating a specifically feminist understanding of it. We argue that a feminist political economy of the everyday can be developed in ways that push theorisations of social reproduction in new directions. We suggest that one way to do this is through the recognition that social reproduction is the everyday alongside a three-part theorisation of space, time, and violence (STV). It is an approach that we feel can play an important role in keeping IPE honest – that is, one that recognises how important gendered structures of everyday power and agency are to the conduct of everyday life within global capitalism.
55 citations
TL;DR: The global economy is much more interdependent today than it was 40 years ago as discussed by the authors, and as a result, there is a need to theorize about international political economy in an era of complex interdependence.
Abstract: How should we theorize about international political economy in an era of complex interdependence? The global economy is much more interdependent today than it was 40 years ago. As a result, there ...
50 citations
Book•
18 Jan 2019TL;DR: Reforming Global Economic Governance: An Unsettled Order as discussed by the authors investigates the new, unsettled order which is now prevailing, driven by the change in the balance of power between advanced economies and key emerging market economies.
Abstract: The architecture of global economic and financial governance has undergone a deep and pervasive reform in the last ten years, radically transforming international institutions and groups, such as the International Monetary Fund, the G7, and the G20. This book investigates the new, unsettled order which is now prevailing, driven by the change in the balance of power between advanced economies and key emerging market economies.
Bringing together multiple strands of analysis, traditionally kept separate, Reforming Global Economic Governance: An Unsettled Order particularly explores the role of Europe within this changing world. The book documents and examines a broad range of events, building on methods from economics and other disciplines, as well as on the insights from the author’s personal involvement. This innovative approach allows the reader to ascertain the defining features of the reform: the increasing fragmentation of governance; the interconnectedness of its different elements; and the strong concern for inclusiveness. Furthermore, it presents analyses highlighting the controversial nature of the new order which underpins the current policy debate on international economic relations, including the resurgence of nationalism and trade conflicts. Through these explorations, this engaging book has direct relevance for the future prospects of international economic affairs.
Offering a comprehensive view of these issues, this accessible text will appeal to scholars, insiders, and the general reader. Its detailed and thorough analyses will also be of great use to those studying economics, international political economy, and international relations.
45 citations
TL;DR: The authors reinterpreted the current economic and political crisis through the lens of Gramsci's concept of interregnum, departing from the model of "punctured equilibrium" to anal...
Abstract: This article offers reinterpretation of the current economic and political crisis through the lens of Gramsci’s concept of “interregnum,” departing from the model of “punctured equilibrium” to anal...
44 citations
TL;DR: This paper used the theory of uneven and combined development (UC and U&CD) to make a unique contribution to the field of International Political Economy (IPE) in the 1990s.
Abstract: This article uses the theory of uneven and combined development (UC and the theory of U&CD therefore has a unique contribution to make to the field of International Political Economy.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors make a distinctive departure from earlier international political economy of energy traditions by collectively deepening our understanding of how the IPE of energy is changing: in scalar, material, distributional and political terms.
Abstract: Until relatively recently international political economy (IPE) scholarship on energy has tended to focus on oil, rather than energy understood in its full, current diversity through IPE’s tripartite liberal, realist or critical lenses. Over the past decade or so there have, however, been far-reaching transformations in the global economy, not least in response to the increased recognition, and visibility, of damaging manifestations of fossil fuel usage and human-induced climate change. In the light of such changes this article, and the special section as a whole, represents a distinctive departure from earlier IPE of energy traditions by collectively deepening our understanding of how the IPE of energy is changing: in scalar, material, distributional and political terms. An appeal is made for greater engagement by IPE scholars with energy, given its wide-ranging relevance to debates about climate change, development, technology and equity and justice.
35 citations
06 Dec 2019
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that in addition to disrupting existing practices of financial intermediation, the emergence of novel digital credit scoring technologies is enabling new forms of algorithmic governance to be exercised over the process of financialization, which in turn represents an important component in the construction of China's neo-statist authoritarian capitalism.
Abstract: Digital credit scoring is driving a number of significant transformations in Chinese economy and society, catalyzing financial liberalization, deepening financial inclusion, and shifting economic power beyond the previously state-controlled commercial banking system. Yet the significance of financial technology is informed in turn by locally specific traditions of governance and regulation. This article critically interrogates the rise of Chinese fintech, reconceptualizing it as a process of financialization that is embedded in a Chinese systems- oriented authoritarian governance tradition. On the basis of documentary sources, Chinese- language secondary literature, and fieldwork conducted from 2016-18, it argues that in addition to disrupting existing practices of financial intermediation, the emergence of novel digital credit scoring technologies is enabling new forms of algorithmic governance to be exercised over the process of financialization, which in turn represents an important component in the construction of China’s neo-statist authoritarian capitalism. These findings have broader implications for how we understand the importance of new financial technologies in an era of big data, contributing to contemporary debates in international political economy, economic sociology, and Chinese studies.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors offer a critique of the prevailing understanding of the relationship between neoliberalism and classic nineteenth-century liberalism in contemporary international political economy (IPE) and propose a new way to understand the relationship.
Abstract: The article offers a critique of the prevailing understanding of the relationship between neoliberalism and classic nineteenth-century liberalism in contemporary international political economy (IP...
25 citations
TL;DR: The International Political Economy Data Resource as mentioned in this paper provides a public good to the field by standardizing and merging 951 variables from 78 core international political economy data sources into a single dataset, increasing efficiency and reducing the risk of data management errors.
Abstract: Quantitative scholars in international relations often draw repeatedly on the same sources of country-year data across a diverse range of projects. The International Political Economy Data Resource seeks to provide a public good to the field by standardizing and merging together 951 variables from 78 core International Political Economy data sources into a single dataset, increasing efficiency and reducing the risk of data management errors. Easier access to data encourages researchers to perform more robustness checks in their own work and replicate others’ published results more often. It also and makes it easier for teachers of quantitative research methods to assign realistic exercises to their students. This resource will be updated and expanded annually. The full resource is available via the Harvard Dataverse Network, with versions also available via the Niehaus Center for Globalization and Governance at Princeton University and NewGene.
TL;DR: The story of post-Second World War international political economy is often told as a series of paradigm shifts: from Keynesianism to neoliberalism to the post-Washington Consensus as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The story of post-Second World War international political economy is often told as a series of paradigm shifts: from Keynesianism to neoliberalism to the post-Washington Consensus. This article ar...
Dissertation•
23 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present and analyze a new dataset of nuclear cooperation agreements signed or announced between 2000 and 2015, and find that Russia and the US dominate international technological nuclear cooperation, with the US' dominance particularly prominent in safety and security and Russia's in nuclear power plant construction, reactor and fuel supply, decommissioning and waste.
TL;DR: In this paper, the manifestations of Eurocentrism and the coloniality of knowledge in the teaching of IPE by analyzing an IPE Master's program of a UK university were examined.
Abstract: This pedagogical intervention examines the manifestations of Eurocentrism and the coloniality of knowledge in the teaching of IPE by analyzing an IPE Master’s program of a UK university. Advancing ...
26 Apr 2019
TL;DR: The basic economics of international trade imply that globalization will have driven in the developed democracies of the Western world an increasing divergence between the material advancement of human, physical, and financial capitalists and the material stagnation or even decline of labor as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The basic economics of international trade imply that globalization will have driven in the developed democracies of the Western world an increasing divergence between the material advancement of human, physical, and financial capitalists—a minority of the population—and the material stagnation or even decline of labor—a majority. This article reviews that theory and the strong comparative-historical empirical record substantiating those effects, and explains how the rise of xenophobic, nationalistic, anti-elite populism has its complementary roots in these economic developments.
Dissertation•
09 Aug 2019
TL;DR: The authors argue that the inability of the United Nations Women, Peace and Security agenda to realize greater peace and security for women in post-war states stems to a great extent from its failure to engage deeply with the materiality of women's lives under economic empowerment projects.
Abstract: This article demonstrates that the inability of the United Nations Women, Peace and Security agenda to realize greater peace and security for women in post-war states stems to a great extent from its failure to engage deeply with the materiality of women’s lives under economic empowerment projects. We argue that the Women, Peace and Security agenda reproduces a neoliberal understanding of economic empowerment that inadequately captures the reality of women’s lives in post-war settings for two reasons: first, it views formal and informal economic activities as dichotomous and separate, rather than as intertwined and constitutive of each other; and, second, it conceptualizes agency as individual, disembodied, abstract, universalizing and conforming to the requirements of the competitive pressures of the market. The article then offers a three-pronged postcolonial-feminist framework to analyse international interventions in which representation, materiality and agency are interconnected. We argue that such a framework helps understand better who is empowered in post-war economies and how they are empowered. This, in turn, makes visible how post-war economies produce gendered and racialized (in)securities that need to be addressed by the Women, Peace and Security agenda. With this, we also hope to reflect on broader international political economy concerns about the problems of making conceptual distinctions between politics and economics, and to challenge the constructed borders between materiality and discourse that have pervaded peace and conflict studies.
TL;DR: Based on a Gramscian analytical framework inspired by Bob Jessop, the authors provides an anatomy of Xiism (2012-) as an emergent hegemonic project, that is, a (fallible and contested) attempt by China's party-based power bloc of altering global power balances in China's favor while retaining domestic stability.
Abstract: How is Xi Jinping changing the course of China’s rise? Based on a Gramscian analytical framework inspired by Bob Jessop, this article provides an anatomy of Xiism (2012–) as an emergent hegemonic project, that is, a (fallible and contested) attempt by China’s party-based power bloc of altering global power balances in China’s favour while retaining domestic stability. Through juxtaposition with Maoism (1957–76) and Dengism (1978–2012), it is proposed that Xiism reformulates the power bloc’s strategy in three respects. First, the ideological vision of the ‘Chinese Dream’ negates Mao’s utopian-egalitarian universalism while readjusting Deng’s pro-market approach by emphasising ‘common prosperity’. Second, the economic accumulation strategy – built around the hyped Belt and Road Initiative – aims to reshape global trade and production patterns in a way that particularly benefits the state-owned sector, the Party leadership’s economic base. Third, Xi’s state project seeks to amalgamate Mao-style charismatic leadership and intra-party ‘self-rectification’ campaigns with both a Dengist commitment to political stability and traditional Chinese statecraft. The crucial issue for the coming decade is whether the Xi leadership will prove able to paper over the contradictions of this emergent ‘China Model’ and win support for it both at home and abroad.
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: This paper explored the range of strategies available to the EU and concluded that if the EU wishes to exercise any kind of international leadership in the energy sector, it must choose between assertive use of its regulatory power and more muscular use of economic power.
Abstract: With the second decade of the new millennium came a series of shocks to global politics that forced the EU to reconsider its liberal approach to international political economy. The increasingly assertive use of economic power by Russia and China, combined with the new US president’s challenge to international trading regimes and the British decision to leave the EU, means that the world confronting the EU in 2018 is quite different from the more benign international context of only half a decade earlier. This applies not least to the world of energy, where concerns about oil and gas supplies are increasingly linked to worries about Russia’s geopolitical agenda. This chapter explores the range of strategies available to the EU—from soft normative power to hard mercantilism—and concludes that, if the EU wishes to exercise any kind of international leadership in the energy sector, it must choose between assertive use of its regulatory power and more muscular use of its economic power.
TL;DR: The authors examines the domestic and ideational motivations that underlie Russia's interactions with China and argues that Russia's behavior toward China demonstrates in particular the importance of ideas at the domestic level.
Abstract: Over the past few years, Russian–Chinese relations have grown steadily closer. This article examines the domestic and ideational motivations that underlie Russia’s interactions with China. It is argued that Russia’s behavior toward China demonstrates in particular the importance of ideas at the domestic level. Moscow’s increasingly close relationship with China serves to confirm Russia’s perceived status as a great power, which functions as a fundamental tool of regime legitimacy. In addition, Russia and China have grown closer on national identity issues that are constituted in opposition to political and ideological principles endorsed by the West as universal values.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors use the notions of structural power and modes of governance to analyze the conditions that help explain emerging trends in the reform of extractive governance, arguing that, in certain cases, the possibility of change exists in the modes of government and that with these changes, the shifting of relations of power among the actors concerned can begin.
Book•
07 May 2019TL;DR: The International Political Economy of Democracy, the 1980s to the present as mentioned in this paper, is a political economy of democracy that is based on economic dynamism and political decay, the 1950s to early 1980s.
Abstract: * Introduction * Conquest and Colony, 1500 to 1700 * Colonial Reform, Political Independence, and the Liberal Experiment, 1700 to 1850 * The Export Economies: Coffee, Bananas, and Social Structure, 1850 to 1930 * Economic Decline, War, and the Ascent of the State, 1930 to the 1950s * Economic Dynamism and Structural Transformation, the 1950s to the Early 1980s * Economic Dynamism and Political Decay, the 1950s to the Early 1980s * The International Political Economy of Democracy, the 1980s to the Present
TL;DR: This collection is the latest in a series of Research Handbooks from Edward Elgar, sitting alongside the likes of the Handbook on Constitutions and Gender, reviewed in Gender & Development in 2018 as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: This collection is the latest in a series of Research Handbooks from Edward Elgar, sitting alongside the likes of the Handbook on Constitutions and Gender, reviewed in Gender & Development in 2018....
Book•
28 Jan 2019
TL;DR: The South-South Development examines the historical background for the current situation: why it suddenly took off again approximately a decade ago; the various vectors of engagement and how they are interrelated; the actors involved; how the revitalisation of South South development has affected development cooperation 'as it was'; and finally, how it affects the rest of the Global South as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: South-South Development examines the historical background for the current situation: why it suddenly took off again approximately a decade ago; the various vectors of engagement and how they are interrelated; the actors involved; how the revitalisation of South-South development has affected development cooperation ‘as it was’; and finally, how it affects the rest of the Global South.
Based on primary research on how Southern actors – via investments, aid, and trade – are changing the face of development both in the Global North and the Global South, this book contextualises the current debates, provides a systematic overview, and brings together the key themes in South-South development. It explains how countries like China, India, and Brazil are influencing domestic politics in other countries of the Global South, how they invest, and how their aid alters power structures between ‘new’ and ‘old’ donors locally. It also explains migration patterns, how they use soft power tools, and how the global governance system is changing as a result of this. This comprehensive and student-focused book includes well developed pedagogy such as text boxes, chapter summaries, key questions, bibliography, weblinks, and annotated further reading.
This book offers a unique combination of in-depth insights and secondary data on South-South development, presenting a ‘state-of-the-art’ account of South-South development aimed at students as well as practitioners in disciplines as diverse as International Development Studies, International Relations, Geography, Anthropology, Global Studies, and International Political Economy.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors tried to reveal the main factors behind the triumph of the pro-independence vote in the 2017 Regional Election in Catalonia by using a spatial econometric model.
Abstract: This paper tries to unveil the main factors behind the triumph of the pro-independence vote in the 2017 Regional Election in Catalonia. The empirical analysis, which is carried out at the county level and by using a spatial econometric model, reveals that geographical location matters. The estimation results also suggest that the pro-independence vote is mainly linked to the birthplace of individuals. More specifically, it shows that the independence feeling is weaker the higher the share of citizens born outside Catalonia. On the other side, young and highly educated people are more prone to independence. Additionally, it is shown that people working in the public sector are more likely to vote for a political party in favor of Catalonia remaining in Spain, while the opposite happens for those voters working in construction. Finally, the results seem to dispel some myths associated with the role played by the county’s size and level of income on the pro-independence vote.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use conceptual frameworks from international political economy to systematically explore the structure of integrated world society along six dimensions derived from Mann (1986) and Strange (1988): military/security, political, economic/production, credit, knowledge and ideological.
Abstract: There is a widespread feeling that globalization represents a major system change that has or should have brought world society to the forefront of international relations theory. Nonetheless, world society remains an amorphous and undertheorized concept, and its potential role in shaping the structure of the international society of states has scarcely been raised. We build on Buzan's (2018, 2) master concept of ‘integrated’ world society (‘a label to describe the merger of world and interstate society’) to locate the integration of world society in the globalization of social networks. Following the advice of Buzan (2001) and Williams (2014), we use conceptual frameworks from international political economy to systematically explore the structure of integrated world society along six dimensions derived from Mann (1986) and Strange (1988): military/security, political, economic/production, credit, knowledge, and ideological. Our empirical survey suggests that, on each of these dimensions, power has centralized as it has globalized, generating steep global hierarchies in world society that are similar to those that characterize national societies. The centrality of the United States in the networks of world society makes it in effect the ‘central state’ of a new kind of international society that is endogenized within integrated world society.