Showing papers on "Interoperability published in 1990"

Multidatabase Interoperability

Abstract: The main purpose of this paper is to provide a brief review of the most current work in the area of multidatabases. We first define the problem and argue that multidatabase research will become increasingly important in the incoming years. We then outline basic research issues in this area and concentrate on issues related to schema integration and semantic heterogeneity, and multidatabase transaction management. The review is not intended to be comprehensive and in spite of our effort to remain objective in selecting review topics, probably reflects the author's biases to some extent.

Strudel—an extensible electronic conversation toolkit

Abstract: This paper describes the conceptual model of Strudel, a toolkit of generic components for conversation and action management. To empower work groups to more effectively conduct their computer-based communication, coordination, and information sharing activities, Strudel packages within a simple model of task and action the semi-structured message, active message and conversation management paradigms. To facilitate acceptance and use within varying work cultures, we define this model in terms of a set of extensible components, which are implemented as a prototype software toolkit that is efficient, portable, customizable, and extensible. Issues considered briefly in this paper include threading in conversations that are converging or multi-party, and interoperability between active message systems.

Knowledge-domain interoperability and an open hyperdocument system

Abstract: This paper anticipates that the tools and methods of computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW) will become harnessed with revolutionary benefit to the ongoing, everyday knowledge work within and between larger organizations. Toward that end, the following concerns about interoperability between knowledge-work domains will have to be met, and something such as the “open hyperdocument system” must become available for widespread use. la

Network interconnection and gateways

Abstract: Major technical issues for interconnecting computer networks that must be solved, which include selection of a protocol level at which to interconnect, addressing, routing, fragmentation, and congestion control, are discussed. Specialized gateway devices used to interconnect networks and implement any necessary internet protocols are examined. Two leading alternatives have been developed by the DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) Internet community (datagram internet protocol) and by the CCITT (International Telegraphy and Telephony Consultative Committee) for public data networks (concatenation of virtual circuits). The new ISO standards encompass both approaches, but providing interoperability between them is still a problem. >

Heterogeneity and OSI

Abstract: A review is presented of the different aspects of heterogeneity that need to be resolved to achieve global interoperability, and specifically, to provide global transport service. The authors concentrate on the problems of interconnecting computer networks and systems that use different protocols, either different subsets of OSI (open systems interconnection) standards or OSI and non-OSI protocols. The issues of protocol conversion are discussed, and integrated naming, addressing, and directory mechanisms for interconnecting OSI and non-OSI domains are outlined. More subtle aspects of interoperability are examined for the case of the OSI transport protocol class 4 in mixed LAN/WAN (local-area-network/wide-area network) environments. >

Specification level interoperability

Abstract: Whereas most previous approaches to interoperability have provided support at the representation level, the authors are pursuing an approach that provides support at the specification level. They have developed a model of such support that consists of four components: (1) a unified type model, which is a notation for describing the entities to be shared by interoperating programs; (2) language bindings, which connect the type models of the languages to the unified type model; (3) underlying implementations, which realize the types used by the different interoperating programs; and (4) automated assistance, which eases the task of combining components into an interoperable whole. The authors discuss the representation-level and specification-level approaches to interoperability, describe their current prototype realization of the specification-level approach and their experience with its use, and outline their plans for extending both the approach and its realization. Experiences with the initial prototype are found to be extremely encouraging. >

Archrtectural issues in the Interoperability between mans and the atm network

Abstract: In this paper two new, rapidly emerging network concepts are examined. Asynchronous Transfer Mode and Metwpolitan Area Networks. An evolution strategy is outlined which, taking into account the different time frames foreseen for the introduction of the two technologies, exploits their synergies. The final ain is the design and the implementatiot; high performance public network infiastructure mainly targeted to business services In a secondpart of thepaper some technical issues concern ing the interwarking of AL4Ns and the ATM network are addressed, with some passible solutions regarding the signal ling protocols, the support of various Opes of traffic and the network management Finally, the i"ct ofthe various alternatives on thefunctions ofthe bruerwarking un its and on the architectural issue.% still open in the development of the two concepts, are briefly discussed

Interoperability versus Integration of Omega and GPS

Abstract: This paper was presented at the 14th annual meeting of the International Omega Association, held at Long Beach, California in October 1989.The integration of Omega and GPS sensors into a single navigation system offers the advantages of good accuracy under almost all signal conditions, low capital investment, and certifiable worldwide navigation. The accuracy of the existing Omega network can be progressively improved as GPS satellite coverage is fully implemented. This is done by having the GPS system update the Omega navigator. Eventually, the same equipment can provide full GPS navigation accuracy but with Omega as a back-up.This paper proposes a method of further improving the overall accuracy and reliability of Omega-GPS navigation. The conceptsof Omega-GPS integration, interoperability, modes of operation, and Kalman filter data fusion are presented. Four interoperability modes of operation and their ability to improve navigation reliability are also discussed.

Knowledge-driven distributed information systems

Abstract: The issue of employing higher level programming techniques and knowledge representation facilities for designing and developing an expert-like distributed database management system interface for multiple interoperable information sources is examined. A decentralized architectural framework for distributed information systems is introduced, and it is explained how it establishes a meaningful form of communication/cooperation between disparate information sources. The author considers the architectural perspectives and design requirements for the development of a knowledge-aided loosely coupled distributed information system (DIS) whereby multiple heterogeneous DBMSs can communicate as autonomous, self-descriptive components. This DIS can process voluminous heterogeneous data by permitting access to a set of large information sources scattered across the nodes of a common communication network each having a global view of the problem solving in the network. >

An OSI-based interoperability architecture for managing hybrid networks

Abstract: The management of hybrid corporate networks comprising a wide variety of equipment and services offered by different vendors and service providers is addressed. The public carrier environment in which such networks must operate is described. Five categories of system management functional areas set forth in the ISO/IEC Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) standards are defined. They are fault management, accounting management, configuration management, performance management, and security management. The interoperability architecture provided by the standards is examined, and two example applications are given: a corporate banking voice network, and OSI-based configuration management applied to automatic call distribution. >

A general model and mechanisms for model-level heterogeneous RPC interoperability

Abstract: Heterogeneous RPC systems may interoperate in a number of different ways. Interoperability at the level of communications, system, data-representation and so forth is RPC-environment-level. The paper addresses a different, namely, RPC-model-level, form of interoperability. An RPC model describes RPC-related actions, such as exporting or importing an entry, independently of the details of the RPC environment. The paper defines general RPC model that can be used to describe most if not all known RPC systems. Two different systems, Concert and Apollo NCS, are described using the general model, and an example of model-level interoperability is presented. To implement model-level RPC interoperability, new mechanisms are introduced referred to as model-level stubs. Generated automatically, these transparent stubs act as local surrogates of remote RPC peers, and extend conventional stub functionality to include model-level actions. >

Explaining the role of GOSIP

Abstract: The Federal Networking Council (FNC), the Internet Activities Board (IAB), and the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) have a firm commitment to responsible integration of OSI based upon sound network planning. This implies that OSI will be added to the Internet without sacrificing services now available to existing Internet users, and that a multi-protocol environment will exist in the Internet for a prolonged period. Planning is underway within the Internet community to enable integration of OSI, coexistence of OSI with TCP/IP, and interoperability between OSI and TCP/IP.

Conformance testing methodologies for OSI protocols

Abstract: As open systems interconnection (OSI) protocol standards mature and systems are developed to implement them, facilities to test protocol implementations for conformity to relevant international standards and recommendations are becoming the key to vendor interoperability. This paper examines the test methods applicable to OSI conformance testing as defined by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT). The advantages and disadvantages of each test method are discussed. Each test method is analyzed in terms of its technique in providing synchronization between the test system and the system under test (SUT), and its ability to supply a controlled environment for comprehensive protocol testing. We also discuss the applicability of each test method to different OSI protocols, and the generic aspects oftest system architecture common to all test methods. Specific attention is paid to those test methods that will be used to test X.25 implementations and network management protocols.

Overview of protocol testing programs, methodologies, and standards

Abstract: The twin developments of sophisticated communications protocols and a multivendor environment are revolutionizing the world of data communications and telephony. Protocol testing will have a significant role in this evolving environment, for it helps ensure interoperability between and among systems from multiple vendors and service providers. AT&T, in its role of service and product provider, has a keen interest in protocol testing to ensure the interoperability of its products and services, alone and in concert with those of other vendors.

Software factory: using process modeling for integration purposes

Abstract: The ESF (Eureka Software Factory) program relies on the idea of a software factory for improving software development productivity and quality. HAPPI, one of the ESF project, aims at developing a first prototype of a software factory. Attention is given to the main choices made by HAPPI to integrate people and their tools inside a whole system. A process model view of integration is then described which uses a specific language to formulate both organization of work and interoperability of tools. The demonstration built in the HAPPI project is discussed. This factory involves five people working together to accomplish some task in a running project. These people use their own heterogeneous tools on several machines and operating systems (Sun/Unix, PC/MSDos) and their work precisely follows a defined methodology and is controlled by a process model. >

FDDI: meeting the interoperability challenge

Abstract: The advent of the fiber distributed data interface (FDDI) standard promises a multivendor 100-Mb/s LAN solution. Comprehensive interoperability testing among the vendors both reinforces the normal interpretations of the standard and performs the most immediate goal-that of verifying the correctness of implementations. FDDI multivendor interoperability history and current status are discussed. The testing performed has discovered and helped fix problems in many vendor's implementations. Many problems discovered were the result of inconsistent interpretations of the station management (SMT) drafts. Other problems were due to incomplete implementations which did not support some functions defined in the SMT draft. Still other problems were a result of changes in the SMT draft which were overlooked by some implementations. >

Conformance testing in the telecommunications industry

Abstract: The authors describe briefly the conformance testing effort carried out by international standards organisations, such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT). They also describe Bellcore's efforts in the conformance testing of X.25, the integrated services digital network, Signalling System No. 7, and Open Systems Interconnection upper layer protocol implementations. It is concluded that standards alone are not sufficient. Conformance testing based on standards is essential and will increase the likelihood of interoperability. >

SIMNET Combat Vehicle Command and Control (CVC2) System User's Guide

Abstract: : This document is intended for use by persons with an interest in the operational procedures associated with the Simulation Network Developmental (SIMNET-D) based implementation of Combat Vehicle Command and Control (CVC2). CVC2 is a research and development program in support of automated and interoperable command, control, and communications (C3) systems for ground combat vehicles. The program is funded by the Balanced Technology Initiative (BTI) program, tech base funds and, for NATO interoperability, funds from the Nunn Agreement. This User's Guide is not intended to reflect the final functionality and operational procedures for a fielded automated C3 system, rather its represents a test bed containing an evolving system of proposed functions which will change and improve based on soldier utilization and soldier recommendations from experiments conducted in the SIMNET-D facility.

Data Communications and Interoperability

Abstract: A solution to get the problem off, have you found it? Really? What kind of solution do you resolve the problem? From what sources? Well, there are so many questions that we utter every day. No matter how you will get the solution, it will mean better. You can take the reference from some books. And the data communications and interoperability is one book that we really recommend you to read, to get more solutions in solving this problem.

Environment object management technology: experiences, opportunities and risks

Abstract: For the past several years, we have been actively investigating object management technology for building software environments. Our experiences in this area have spanned type definition and implementation techniques, persistence models and implementation methods, type models for environments, and interoperability models and tools. In this paper we briefly summarize these experiences and then sketch both the opportunities and the risks that we foresee in future work on object management technology for environments.

The role of the U.S. GOSIP

Abstract: The U.S. Federal Networking Council (FNC) and the Internet Activities Board (IAB) have a firm commitment to responsible integration of OSI based upon sound network planning. OSI will be added to the Internet without sacrificing services now available to existing Internet users and a multi-protocol environment will exist in the Internet for some time. Planning is underway within the Internet community to enable integration of OSI, coexistence of OSI with TCP/IP, and interoperability between OSI and TCP/IP. The U.S. Government OSI Profile (GOSIP) is a helpful tool for facilitating interoperability amongst OSI networks in the U.S. This paper briefly outlines the content of the U.S. GOSIP and explains the role and applicability of the GOSIP document, as well as emphasizing the government's commitment to an integrated interoperable OSI environment based on responsible planning.

Government Open Systems Interconnection: profile in progress

Abstract: The emergence of Open Systems Interconnection protocols, as specified within the U.S. Government Open Systems Interconnection Profile (GOSIP) Federal Information Processing Standard (FTPS), provides both an opportunity for, and a means of achieving, interoperability within multi‐vendor networks. The GOSIP can easily benefit inexperienced users, yet provides the flexibility to serve more sophisticated users. The standard mandates specifications that will be met by a multitude of vendor products, with initial offerings already available. While meeting a useful set of initial networking needs, the FTPS will evolve to include new applications, improvements to the initial applications, new network technologies, and major new functions. GOSIP will permit government agencies to gain better control over their computer network procurements, accruing greater and greater cost savings as the number of government computer networks increases.

Integrated Communications for the Australian Defence Organisation

Abstract: The Australian Defence Organisation is currently implementing a new generation of major communications assets. Concurrently it is establishing a long term planning basis for determining the direction of future Defence communications. This paper broadly considers current and near term Defence communications assets in the context of desirable attributes for a goal architecture and then discusses the applicability of Broadband ISDN standards as a basis for integrating future Defence communications. Innovative research into dynamically adaptive radio is shown to hold the key to the extension of an integrated architecture to the tactical periphery of the Defence network and to the solution of many current interoperability problems.

Improving quality and interoperability of protocol implementations via conformance testing standardization

Abstract: The authors show how requirements for correct and reliable implementations of interface protocols can be achieved by a rigorous, efficient, and effective procedure to standardize protocol conformance test suites and conformance testing methodology They review accomplishments such as X25 and integrated services digital network LAPD conformance test standards and the draft international standard language TTCN (Tree and Tabular Combined Notation) for defining international standard test suites They also give canonical patterns for conformance test instances and show how the use of integrated tools such as the TTCN workbench developed in the Testing Open Communications Systems Project is assisting global accessibility to these standard test suites as a means of promoting global interoperability >