Showing papers on "Isopropyl alcohol published in 2008"

Extraction of caffeine, chlorogenic acids and lipids from green coffee beans using supercritical carbon dioxide and co-solvents

Abstract: The paper reports on experimental data on the extraction of caffeine, coffee oil and chlorogenic acids from green coffee beans using pure supercritical CO2 and supercritical CO2 modified with ethanol (5% w/w) and isopropyl alcohol (5% w/w) at 50 and 60oC and 15.2 24.8 e 35.2 MPa. In this study extraction kinetics were obtained for all assays i.e. samples were collected at several time intervals for each solvent and mixed solvent. When pure CO2 and CO2-ethanol mixed solvent were used, an increase in pressure resulted in an increase in the amount of oil extracted. When CO2 was modified with isopropyl alcohol, the amount of coffee oil extracted also increased with pressure. Caffeine extraction initially increased and subsequently decreased with pressure. Chlorogenic acids were only extracted when isopropyl alcohol was used as a co-solvent. An increase in extraction temperature resulted in a decrease of caffeine and oil extraction (retrograde condensation) when only CO2 was used as solvent. With the use of co-solvent this retrograde behavior was no longer observed and the increase in temperature resulted in the increase in the extracted amounts of caffeine, coffee oil and chlorogenic acids.

Synthesis, Acidity and Antioxidant Properties of Some Novel 3,4-disubstituted-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one Derivatives

Abstract: 3-Alkyl(aryl)-4-amino-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones 2a-g reacted with4-diethylaminobenzaldehyde to afford the corresponding 3-alkyl(aryl)-4-(4-diethylaminobenzylidenamino)-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones 3a-g. The acetylationreactions of compounds 3a-e were investigated and compounds 4a-e were thus obtained.The new compounds were characterized using IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, UV and MSspectral data. In addition, the newly synthesized compounds 3a-g were titratedpotentiometrically with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide in four non-aqueous solvents suchas isopropyl alcohol, tert-butyl alcohol, acetone and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), andthe half-neutralization potential values and the corresponding pKa values were determinedfor all cases. Moreover, 3 and 4 type compounds were also screened for their antioxidantactivities.

Effect of Biomass Pre-Treatment and Solvent Extraction on β-Carotene and Lycopene Recovery from Blakeslea trispora Cells

Abstract: The production of carotenoids from Blakeslea trispora cells in a synthetic medium has been reported, with the main products being beta-carotene, lycopene, and gamma-carotene. The effect of biomass pretreatment and solvent extraction on their selective recovery is reported here. Eight solvents of class II and III of the International Conference of Harmonization: ethanol, methanol, acetone, 2-propanol, pentane, hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethyl ether, and HPLC analysis were used for the evaluation of their selectivities towards the three main carotenoids with regard to different biomass pre-treatment. The average C(max) values (maximum concentration of caronoids in a specific solvent) were estimated to 16 mg/L with the five out of eight solvents investigated, whereas methanol, pentane, and hexane gave lower values of 10, 11, and 9 mg/L, respectively. The highest carotenoid yield was obtained in the case of wet biomass, where 44-56% is recovered with one solvent and three extractions and the rest is recovered only after subsequent treatment with acetone; thus, four extractions of 2.5 h are needed. Two extractions of 54 min are enough to recover carotenoids from dehydrated biomass, with the disadvantage of a high degree of degradation. Our results showed that, for maximum carotenoid recovery, ethyl ether, 2-propanol, and ethanol could be successfully used with biomass without prior treatment, whereas fractions enriched in beta-carotene or lycopene can be obtained by extraction with the proper solvent, thus avoiding degradation due to time-consuming processes.

Isopropyl alcohol-producing bacterium and method of producing isopropyl alcohol using the same

Abstract: The invention provides: an isopropyl alcohol-producing bacterium which has an acetoacetate decarboxylase activity, an isopropyl alcohol dehydrogenase activity, a CoA transferase activity and a thiolase activity having been imparted thereto and is capable of producing isopropyl alcohol from a plant-derived material; a method of producing isopropyl alcohol whereby isopropyl alcohol is produced from a plant-derived material by using this isopropyl alcohol-producing bacterium; and an apparatus therefor.

Kinetics and mechanism of myristic acid and isopropyl alcohol esterification reaction with homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts

Abstract: The reaction of myristic acid (MA) and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) was carried out by using both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. For a homogeneously catalyzed system, the experimental data have been interpreted with a second order, using the power-law kinetic model, and a good agreement between the experimental data and the model has been obtained. In this approach, it was assumed that a protonated carboxylic acid is a possible reaction intermediate. After a mathematical model was proposed, reaction rate constants were computed by the Polymath* program. For a heterogeneously catalyzed system, interestingly, no pore diffusion limitation was detected. The influences of initial molar ratios, catalyst loading and type, temperature, and water amount in the feed have been examined, as well as the effects of catalyst size for heterogeneous catalyst systems. Among used catalysts, p-toluene sulfonic acid (p-TSA) gave highest reaction rates. Kinetic parameters such as activation energy and frequency factor were determined from model fitting. Experimental K values were found to be 0.54 and 1.49 at 60°C and 80°C, respectively. Furthermore, activation energy and frequency factor at forward were calculated as 54.2 kJ mol−1 and 1828 L mol−1 s−1, respectively. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 40: 136–144, 2008

High content environmental protection alcohol ether fuel for vehicle

Abstract: A high-content environmental-protecting alcohol ether fuel for vehicle consists of additives and methanol or alcohol 75-87 proportion. The additives contain methanol, alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, isobutanol, dimethylcuprate, n-amyl alkyl, dipropyl, cyclopentane, nitro-methane, dimethyl benzene, pinecone oil, cyclopentadienyl, poly-isobutylene, propane diamine, carbomethoxy formate, dimethoxyester carbonate, natural gasoline, hydrocarbon solvent oil, diisopropyl ester, dimethoxy-methane, petroleum ether, methyl tert-amyl ether, tert-amyl tert-butyl ether, lauryl phenol poly-ethenoxy ether, anti-static agent, metal-corrosive inhibitor, rubber plastic swelling inhibitor and anti-oxidant. It's clean and universal; it has excellent burning stability, shock resistance and dynamic character and less oil consumption.

Solubility and phase separation of poly(L,D‐lactide) copolymers

Abstract: In this study, the solubility and precipitation properties of medical-grade stereocopolymers were investigated. The solubility of the polymers was tested with eight different organic solvents and four nonsolvents. The solubility of poly(L,D-lactide) stereocopolymers was highly dependent on the L/D ratio of the copolymer. The phase-separation ability was tested by cloud-point titration with a solvent and a nonsolvent. The solvent was in all cases dichloromethane, and the nonsolvents were n-hexane, methanol, ethanol, and isopropyl alcohol. The results showed that n-hexane was the most efficient nonsolvent. Methanol and ethanol showed quite similar precipitation properties. Isopropyl alcohol was the least efficient nonsolvent of those studied. Also, the L/D ratio of the copolymer had an effect on the precipitation properties. The precipitation happened most easily when the L content was high. The molecular weight of the copolymer had only a slight effect on the phase separation. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008

Supported high surface AlF3: a very strong solid Lewis acid for catalytic applications

Abstract: A series of HS-AlF3/Al2O3 with different HS-AlF3 loading was prepared by impregnation method using aluminium isopropylate in isopropyl alcohol as a solvent and non-aqueous HF solution. Post-fluorination of the supported AlF3 precursor was carried out under moderate conditions with CHClF2 or HF. The catalytic activity of the supported HS-AlF3 was assessed by study of the CHClF2 dismutation and CBrF2CBrFCF3isomerization reactions. All the supported HS-AlF3 samples were found to be effective for CHClF2 dismutation, whereas HS-AlF3/γ-Al2O3a exhibited superior activity, which was about 10–30 times higher than that of HS-AlF3/α-Al2O3, in terms of isomerization activity.

Synthesis and characterization of poly(ether‐block‐amide) membranes for the pervaporation of organic/aqueous mixtures

Abstract: We made poly(ether-block-amide) membranes by casting a solution on a nonsolvent surface. The effects of the solvent ratio (n-butanol/isopropyl alcohol), temperature, and polymer concentration on the quality of the membranes were studied. The results show that the film quality was enhanced with increasing isopropyl alcohol ratio in the solvent. This behavior was related to the reduction of the solution surface tension and the interfacial tension between the solution and nonsolvent. Uniform films were made at a temperature range of 70–80°C and a polymer concentration of 4–7 wt %. The morphology of the membranes was investigated with scanning electron microscopy. The qualities of the films improved with increasing isopropyl alcohol ratio in the solvent. With these membranes, the pervaporation of ethyl butyrate (ETB)/water and isopropyl alcohol/water mixtures was studied, and high separation performance was achieved. For ETB/water mixtures, with increasing ETB content, both the permeation flux and separation factor increased. However, for isopropyl alcohol/water mixtures, with increasing isopropyl alcohol content, the permeation flux increased, but the separation factor was diminished. Increasing temperature in a limited range resulted in a decreasing separation factor and an increasing permeation flux. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008

Process for producing vehicle glass antifogging agent

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing an automobile glass antifoggant, wherein deionized water is added into a reaction kettle, and 0.1-0.6 percent of high molecular filmogen is added, heated to 40 DEG C, and agitated until dissolved, then 0.6-4.0 percent of fatty alcohol polyethenoxy ether or nonyl phenol polyethenoxy ether nonionics, 0.1-0.6 percent of coconut fatty alkyl trimethyl chloride or lauryl amphoteric propyl juanacidate cationic surfactant, and 0.2-1.0 percent mono ethanol amine or trolamine acidity modifier are added orderly; finally, 5.0-30 percent of isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, propanediol, and propanetriol are added, evenly agitated until the temperature lowers to the room temperature, and then the glass antifoggant is obtained. The invention has the advantages that the use is simple; the glass atomizing effect is good; dust can not be absorbed on the surface of the glass after the drying process, and no trace is left on the surface; the product is colorless and flavorless, safe and reliable.

Polyurethane resin compound oil ink and method for manufacturing same

Abstract: The invention discloses a polyurethane resin compound ink and preparation method thereof, comprising polyurethane resin, chloride-vinyl acetate resin, solvent, dye and dispersing auxiliary, wherein the solvent comprises methyl benzene, butanone, isopropyl alcohol The composition of the polyurethane resin compound ink is: polyurethane resin liquor (30% solid content) 25-40%, chloride-vinyl acetate resin 0-4%, dye 5-25%, dispersing auxiliary 02-05%, methyl benzene 0-20%, butanone 25-35%, isopropyl alcohol 5-15% The invention provides polyurethane resin compound ink with wide application range, good thermal stability, good adhesion and no aromatics solvent, in order to conquer the lacks such as not environment protection, narrow application range and bad thermal stability

Biofuel oil and preparation thereof

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preparing biological fuel oil based on the compositions of ethanol, methanol, toluene, isopropyl alcohol, surface active agent, ethyl nitrate and ferrocene and the prepared product; the biological fuel oil in the invention has high octane number, high cetane number and low corrosiveness.; the engine which uses the product prepared by the method in the invention has high power and low environmental pollution so that the fuel oil product prepared by the method is the fuel oil which is environmental-friendly and resource saving.

Method for synthesizing isopropyl fatty acid ester

Abstract: A synthesis method of fatty acid isopropyl belongs to the ester compound synthesis technical field of organic chemistry, which uses fatty acid and isopropyl alcohol as raw materials The invention is characterized in that in the presence of organic acid catalyst, the invention processes reflux reaction to give fatty acid isopropyl crude produce, distills abundant isopropyl alcohol, neutralizes via alkali, washes via water and dewaters in vacuum to prepare fatty acid isopropyl, wherein the organic catalyst is toluenesulfonic acid or sulfarnic acid which usage is 02-08% of the total weight of fatty acid and isopropyl alcohol, and the mol ratio between fatty acid and isopropyl alcohol is 1:40-100 The invention reasonably utilizes the reflux esterification reaction in the presence of organic acid catalyst, without toxic water carrying agent, but with simple process and less pollution, while the given isopropyl alcohol can be circulated to effectively reduce cost, with high product quality, high purity and wide application in cosmetic or the like

High content environmental protection alcohol ether fuel additive for vehicle

Abstract: A high-content environmental-protecting alcohol ether fuel additive for vehicle consists of methanol, alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, isobutanol, dimethylcuprate, n-amyl alkyl, dipropyl, cyclopentane, nitro-methane, dimethyl benzene, pinecone oil, cyclopentadienyl, poly-isobutylene, propane diamine, carbomethoxy formate, dimethoxyester carbonate, natural gasoline, hydrocarbon solvent oil, diisopropyl ester, dimethoxy-methane, petroleum ether, naphtha, methyl tert-amyl ether, tert-amyl tert-butyl ether, lauryl phenol poly-ethenoxy ether, bis(alkyl) phosphoric acid, methyl benzovirazole, cocoanut-oil alkyl-oxalamide, anti-static agent, metal-corrosive inhibitor, rubber plastic swelling inhibitor and anti-oxidant

Kitchen detergent composition

Abstract: The invention relates to an alkaline kitchen cleanser composition with no ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE) for cleaning hard surface with heavy oil stains, and also relates to a mixture solvent capable of substituting for the EGBE solvent in the cleanser composition The alkaline kitchen cleanser composition mainly comprises (a) a mixed solvent of a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent; (b) an inorganic alkaline substance; and (c) a surfactant The mixed solvent includes the hydrophobic solvent selected from ethylene glycol monophenyl ether, ethylene glycol monohexyl ether and combination thereof, a hydrophilic diethylene glycol monobutyl ether solvent and a hydrophilic isopropyl alcohol solvent The alkaline kitchen cleanser composition contains no EGBE, thus eliminating the latent toxicity; Meanwhile, the composition is at low cost and can be mixed to obtain better or more diversified smells

Composite gasoline of methanol and method for producing the same

Abstract: The invention discloses methanol compound gasoline, the methanol compound gasoline is composed of methanol, gasoline, propanone, ethylether, tertiary butyl alcohol, nitric acid cerous cerium, isopropyl alcohol and combined additive agent. The preparation method of the invention is to perform the convection to the methanol, the gasoline, the propanone, the ethylether, the tertiary butyl alcohol, the nitric acid cerous cerium, the isopropyl alcohol and the combined additive agent from different directions and to inject into a mixing tank simultaneously, an oil pump is used to inject the all to the mixing tank, the circulating oil pump is used in the tank to perform the mixing and circulating, finally, the preparation is finished after the oil pump is used to inject into a finished product oil tank. The methanol compound gasoline of the invention can solve a series of problems that the mechanical performance, the dynamic performance, the safety performance and the starting performance of vehicles are bad. Simultaneously, the invention can simultaneously perform the function of the cleanness and the environment protection, and the advantages of reducing the gasoline cost and reducing the fuel oil consumption of the vehicles.

The state of Al(III) in alcohol solutions of aluminum alkoxide as probed by 27Al and 13C NMR and small-angle X-ray scattering

Abstract: Solutions of aluminum alkoxides obtained by interaction of aluminum metal with methyl, ethyl, and isopropyl alcohols were studied by 27Al and 13C NMR and small-angle X-ray scattering Alkoxides with a tetrahedral environment of aluminum prevail in methanol solutions, and those with an octahedral environment of aluminum predominate in ethanol solutions In isopropyl alcohol at 293 K, polynuclear alkoxides with tetrahedral, octahedral, and pentacoordinated aluminum environments coexist The structure of polynuclear complexes was refined by comparison of their calculated dimensions with small-angle X-ray scattering data

Photocatalytic material photocatalytic activity characterization method and device

Abstract: Photochemical catalysis activity attributes method of the photochemical catalysis material, as the following steps: puts the photochemical catalysis material in the glass gas reactor and make it tight, using the clean air to wash the reactor system; sets the light source, makes its light go through the light-directing window and shine in the photochemical catalysis material; injects the organic liquid or liquor in the reactor system, uses isopropyl alcohol photochemical catalysis firstly to produce acetone and carbon dioxide attributes system; uses new photochemical catalysis activity test instrumentation to test the content of the isopropyl alcohol, acetone and carbon dioxide in the mixture gas; the photochemical catalysis activity of the material is character by the quantity of the acetone and carbon dioxide, it is the reaction speed; the photochemical catalysis reactor produce is test in real time by the test instrumentation.

Water-soluble high-temperature organic acid inhibitor and preparing method and using method thereof

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high-temperature organic acid corrosion inhibitor for inhibiting refinery vacuum tower high-temperature naphthenic acid corrosion environment with 200-400deg.C. Its composition includes (by wt%) 10-60% of corrosion inhibitor intermediate obtained by using boric acid and organic amine according to the mole ratio of 1:0.5-3 through a certain reaction process, 20-80% of monohydric alcohol or dihydric alcohol solvent formed from one kind and two kinds of methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, 1,2-propylene glycol, n-amyl alcohol, n-heptyl alcohol and n-caprylic alcohol or combination of more than two kinds of above-mentioned components and 0.1-20% of corrosion inhibition film-forming component formed from one kind or any two kinds of sulfourea, benzyl chloride, alkylene sulfide, propiolic alcohol, trisodium phosphate, ammonium phosphosulfate, diammonium phosphate, triammonium phosphate and benzotriazole or combination of more than two kind of above-mentioned all the components.

Method of treating catalyst with degraded resolution

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of treating a catalyst capable of reusing a catalyst supporting noble metal with a degraded resolution used in decomposition of a high concentration organic chlorine compound free of deterioration oil. SOLUTION: The method of treating catalyst capable of reusing the catalyst with degraded resolution in decomposition processing of circulating a mixed liquid of organic chlorine compound, alkali metal hydroxide and isopropyl alcohol in a catalyst column, and making the liquid contact with the catalyst supporting noble metal to decompose the organic chlorine compound, includes the step of cleaning the catalyst with degraded resolution with isopropyl alcohol and of cleaning the cleaned catalyst with water, and is characterized by drying the catalyst after cleaning with water. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Preparation, Characterization, and Potentiometric Titrations of Some New Di-[3-(3-alkyl/aryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one-4-yl)-azomethinphenyl] isophthalate/terephthalate Derivatives

Abstract: 3-Alkyl(Aryl)-4-amino-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones (2) reacted with di-(3-formylphenyl) isophthalate (3) and di-(3-formylphenyl) terephthalate (6) to afford the corresponding 6 novel di-[3-(3-alkyl/aryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one-4-yl)- azomethinphenyl] isophthalates (4) and 6 novel di-[3-(3-alkyl/aryl-4,5- dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one-4-yl)-azomethinphenyl] terephthalates (7), respectively. The acetylation reactions of compounds 4 and 7 were investigated, and 5 and 8 type compounds were obtained, respectively. The new compounds synthesized were characterized by using IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and UV spectral data together with elemental analysis. In addition, to investigate the effects of solvents and molecular structure upon acidity, compounds 4 and 7 were titrated potentiometrically with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide in 5 non-aqueous solvents (isopropyl alcohol, tert-butyl alcohol, N,N-dimethylformamide, acetone, and dimethyl sulfoxide). The half-neutralization potential values and the corresponding pKa values were determined for all cases.

Solvent effects on photodegradation of CI Reactive Orange 16 by simulated solar light

Abstract: Organic solvents may appear in wastewaters and other industrial waste streams containing dyes, therefore, their photodegradation catalyzed by TiO2 should be investigated. Solvent effect on photodegradation of CI Reactive Orange 16 has been studied using simulated solar light and P-25 TiO2. Methyl, ethyl and isopropyl alcohol as well as acetone were used as solvents. Photodegradation reaction was faster in methyl than in ethyl alcohol while in water was the slowest. RO16 photodegradation efficiency and reaction rate decreased in the presence of small concentration of ethanol. Higher photodegradation efficiency was observed for higher ethanol concentration. For acetone, photodegradation decreased as concentration of acetone increased. It seems that protic solvents at higher concentrations promote reaction, while at low concentrations slow down reaction. Aprotic solvents slow down reaction.

Process for the production of beta lactam crystals

Abstract: An improved process for the production of Sulbactam Sodium characterised in that aqueous Isopropyl Alcohol is used as crystallisation medium. The crystals thus obtained can be smoothly dried, giving a content of residual solvent lower than 0.1%.