Showing papers on "Piano published in 2021"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine why, between 2016 and 2018, ethnographic fieldwork was conducted among piano teachers, student and student participants in China to examine why piano learning has witnessed an upsurge in popularity in China.
Abstract: Over the past three decades, piano learning has witnessed an upsurge in popularity in China. To examine why, between 2016 and 2018 ethnographic fieldwork was conducted among piano teachers, student...
16 citations
TL;DR: Piano performance motor learning research requires more “artful” methodologies if it is to meaningfully address music performance as a corporeal art as discussed by the authors. But to date, research has been sparse and it has ty
Abstract: Piano performance motor learning research requires more “artful” methodologies if it is to meaningfully address music performance as a corporeal art. To date, research has been sparse and it has ty...
12 citations
15 Jul 2021
TL;DR: By putting the users in the center of the fuzzy front end of technology development, this work has gone a step further toward concretizing TaHIL applications that may contribute to the routines of piano teaching and learning.
Abstract: Numerous technological solutions have been proposed to promote piano learning and teaching, but very few with market success. We are convinced that users’ needs should be the starting point for an effective and transdisciplinary development process of piano-related Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (TaHIL) applications. Thus, we propose to include end users in the initial stage of technology development. We gathered insights from adult piano teachers and students through an online survey and digital interviews. Three potential literature-based solutions have been visualized as scenarios to inspire participants throughout the interviews. Our main findings indicate that potential end users consider posture and body movements, teacher–student communication, and self-practice as crucial aspects of piano education. Further insights resulted in so-called acceptance requirements for each scenario, such as enabling meaningful communication in distance teaching, providing advanced data on a performer’s body movement for increased well-being, and improving students’ motivation for self-practice, all while allowing or even promoting artistic freedom of expression and having an assisting instead of judging character. By putting the users in the center of the fuzzy front end of technology development, we have gone a step further toward concretizing TaHIL applications that may contribute to the routines of piano teaching and learning.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a multiple-case study was conducted in a university located in Guangzhou, China that aimed to examine the teaching strategies of three piano majors and observe their learning responses.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Although creativity in music performance is a global issue among music educators, it has nevertheless received less attention in China. How do piano teachers in China cultivate their students’ performance creativity? This article reports on a multiple-case study undertaken in a university located in Guangzhou, China that aimed to examine the teaching strategies of three piano majors and observe their learning responses. The first author taught the students for 14 lessons within a semester, the data coming from a combination of video recordings for observation, self-reflection and semi-structured interviews. Qualitative data from the interviews and video recordings were coded based on the categories and themes that emerged from repeated observations of the video clips. The results indicate that teachers may cultivate performance creativity by nurturing students’ imaginations as it relates to individual knowledge and experience. Autonomy in musical expression should be encouraged through teaching genres other than Classical music.
11 citations
TL;DR: The subject studied the problems existing in the teaching of traditional piano playing and singing, and proposed different solutions for the computer artificial intelligence system and virtual image processing technology, so that image classification and video teaching have a better recognition effect, and promote vocal music teaching forward development of.
Abstract: As an important part of vocal guidance, piano performance and singing guidance are important ways to cultivate students' interest in piano and improve their improvisational level. With the development of education, especially the rapid popularization and promotion of big data and other information technologies, traditional teacher-led performance and singing teaching models have gradually met the learning needs of students and affected their learning effects. Therefore, it is indispensable to reform and innovate the guiding philosophy and methods of performance and songs. Therefore, how to introduce big data technology into piano performance and singing guidance is worthy of in-depth discussion. Online education has obvious advantages in auditory training. Whether it is impromptu feedback through online classrooms, or completion of homework through audio, it can have the effect of "grinding ears". On the one hand, the clear audio allows students to think aurally in a good auditory environment; on the other hand, through online interactive answering, teachers can accurately understand the development of the auditory perception of the entire class, so as to adjust the training content immediately. The subject studied the problems existing in the teaching of traditional piano playing and singing, and proposed different solutions for the computer artificial intelligence system and virtual image processing technology, so that image classification and video teaching have a better recognition effect, and promote vocal music teaching forward development of.
9 citations
TL;DR: This paper conducted a case study with six pre-service teachers enrolled in a music teacher training programme at a comprehensive university in China Participants engaged in semi-structured, face-to-face interviews after hands-on experiences with an AR-based piano learning app Thematic analysis revealed that the participants were generally aware of the potential of this instructional approach but doubted its efficacy and exhibited weak intention to adopt it in their future classrooms.
Abstract: Given the rapid growth of music technology, this study reports Chinese pre-service music teachers' perceptions of musical instrument learning assisted by augmented reality (AR) In this study, we conducted a small-scale case study with six pre-service teachers enrolled in a music teacher training programme at a comprehensive university in China Participants engaged in semi-structured, face-to-face interviews after hands-on experiences with an AR-based piano learning app Thematic analysis revealed that the participants were generally aware of the potential of this instructional approach but doubted its efficacy and exhibited weak intention to adopt it in their future classrooms Implications of the findings for music teacher training are discussed
9 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors collected and released a dataset for multimodal skill assessment focusing on assessing piano player's skill level, answer the asked questions, initiate work in automated evaluation of piano playing skills and provide baselines for future work.
Abstract: Can a computer determine a piano player's skill level? Is it preferable to base this assessment on visual analysis of the player's performance or should we trust our ears over our eyes? Since current CNNs have difficulty processing long video videos, how can shorter clips be sampled to best reflect the players skill level? In this work, we collect and release a first-of-its-kind dataset for multimodal skill assessment focusing on assessing piano player's skill level, answer the asked questions, initiate work in automated evaluation of piano playing skills and provide baselines for future work. Dataset is available from: this https URL.
8 citations
21 Jun 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore whether existing techniques in single-target spatiotemporal modelling can be adapted to a multi-target scenario such as when learners use several fingers to press multiple moving targets when playing the piano, and explore heuristics defined by experts marking various difficult parts of songs, and deciding on specific interventions needed for these marked parts.
Abstract: Learning the piano is hard and many approaches including piano-roll visualisations have been explored in order to support novices and seasoned learners in this process. However, existing piano roll prototypes have not considered the spatiotemporal component (user’s ability to press on a moving target) when generating these visualisations and user modelling. In this PhD, we are going to look into two different approaches: (i) exploring whether existing techniques in single-target spatiotemporal modelling can be adapted to a multi-target scenario such as when learners use several fingers to press multiple moving targets when playing the piano, and (ii) exploring heuristics defined by experts marking various difficult parts of songs, and deciding on specific interventions needed for these marked parts. Using models and input from the experts we will design and build an adaptive piano roll training system. We will evaluate and compare these models in various user studies involving users trying to play piano pieces and develop their improvisation skills. We intend to uncover whether these adaptive visualisations will be helpful in the overall training of piano learners. Additionally, these models and adaptive visualisations will allow us to discover affordances that can potentially improve piano learning in general.
7 citations
TL;DR: The direction of the network information reform and construction for piano majors in Colleges and universities is put forward, that is, taking piano “micro class” teaching to arm traditional classroom teaching, using the new media to build a networked piano learning environment, and building the piano teaching “MOOC” platform.
Abstract: This paper investigates the cognition status of information piano education for teachers and students in a university, which mainly includes a summary of the piano teaching status in a university and make an analysis and summary of the investigation results. In addition, this paper puts forward the direction of the network information reform and construction for piano majors in Colleges and universities, mainly including three aspects, that is, taking piano “micro class” teaching to arm traditional classroom teaching, using the new media to build a networked piano learning environment, and building the piano teaching “MOOC” platform.
7 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on the Liederistic music genre on which architectural acoustical research is rarely focused, despite this lack of scholarship, however, this genre represents one of the most interesting cha...
Abstract: ‘Liederistic’ music is a musical genre on which architectural acoustical research is rarely focused. Despite this lack of scholarship, however, this genre represents one of the most interesting cha...
7 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper used regression fitting algorithm and Relief F weight algorithm to extract the effectiveness of each characteristic variable and proposed a KNN in projected feature space (P-KNN) algorithm to complete the hierarchical recognition of piano teaching influence features.
Abstract: The purpose is to realize the intelligent reform of piano online teaching and the intelligent optimization of wireless networks. Empirical research is realized with quantitative research and algorithm simulation as the starting point. First, regression fitting algorithm and Relief F weight algorithm are adopted to extract the effectiveness of each characteristic variable. Next, under the guidance of metric learning theory, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) in Projected Feature Space (P-KNN) algorithm is proposed to complete the hierarchical recognition of piano teaching influence features. Metric Learning With Support Vector Machine (ML-SVM) classification algorithm is employed to identify the feature performance affecting piano teaching. Finally, the performance of P-KNN algorithm and ML-SVM algorithm is compared with KNN algorithm and Information-Theoretic-Metric-Learning (ITML) algorithm. It is concluded that the recognition accuracies of P-KNN and ML-SVM are 82.78% and 83.97%, respectively. Based on the quantitative research on the characteristics affecting piano teaching, artificial intelligence and wireless network optimization are combined to explore the implementation path of intelligent technology in piano teaching reform, reflect the use value of modern science and technology in piano teaching, and innovate the process of music online education reform of piano teaching.
01 Feb 2021
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors proposed new innovations to the piano collective lesson teaching model in the context of the social background, college curriculum education, and the teachers and students themselves, and on this basis, seek ways to develop the pianistic collective education ability.
Abstract: Under the background of the era of big data, piano collective teaching has ushered in new developments and opportunities, and corresponding adjustments have been made in the innovation of college education and teaching models, so that the collective piano education curriculum model of colleges and universities can adapt to the era of big data. Based on the background of the era of big data, this paper researches innovative methods and paths suitable for collective piano teaching in colleges. This article discusses in depth how to propose new innovations to the piano collective lesson teaching model in the context of the social background, college curriculum education, and the teachers and students themselves, and on this basis, seek ways to develop the piano collective lesson teaching ability. Effectively improve the professional ability of piano education teachers in colleges and universities, thereby improving the level of piano education in my country. To carry out curriculum innovation from a diversified perspective, and at the same time to mobilize the enthusiasm of students to learn actively, the combination of the two can help students improve their academic performance, improve the quality of teaching, show the advantages of teaching in the era of big data, and make good use of Data technology provides good quality education and cultivates more outstanding talents for the country.
08 May 2021
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a system that allows pianists to incorporate a soft pitch vibrato into their play seamlessly, through muscle activity and is recognized via electromyography, which offers new interaction opportunities with the piano to increase the player's potential for expressive play.
Abstract: The piano keyboard offers a significant range and polyphony for well-trained pianists. Yet, apart from dynamics, the piano is incapable of translating expressive movements such as vibrato onto the played note. Adding sound effects requires additional modalities. A pitch wheel can be found on the side of most electric pianos. To add a vibrato or pitch bend, the pianist needs to actively operate the pitch wheel with their hand, which requires cognitive effort and may disrupt play. In this work, we present EMPiano, a system that allows pianists to incorporate a soft pitch vibrato into their play seamlessly. Vibrato can be triggered through muscle activity and is recognized via electromyography. This allows EMPiano to integrate into piano play. Our system offers new interaction opportunities with the piano to increase the player’s potential for expressive play. In this paper, we contribute the open-source implementation and the workflow behind EMPiano.
TL;DR: A project to add terms from Library of Congress Medium of Performance Thesaurus for Music to records for scores for songs with piano in an academic library catalog to enhance discovery and enables deeper analysis of the collection.
Abstract: Medium of performance is a valuable way to find music materials, but it is challenging to search by medium in library catalogs. Songs for specific voice types are especially difficult to look for u...
TL;DR: In this paper, it was found that children's singing development is an important part of the music classroom, where instruction is often assisted by the teacher's voice or the piano, but it is unknown whether children sing in the classroom.
Abstract: Children’s singing development is an important part of the music classroom, where instruction is often assisted by the teacher’s voice or the piano. However, it is unknown whether children sing mor...
TL;DR: This article shows that pretraining substantially improves classification performance and that Transformer-based architectures perform best, and introduces two data augmentation strategies and present evidence that the model learns generalizable and semantically meaningful information.
Abstract: This article studies a composer style classification task based on raw sheet music images. While previous works on composer recognition have relied exclusively on supervised learning, we explore the use of self-supervised pretraining methods that have been recently developed for natural language processing. We first convert sheet music images to sequences of musical words, train a language model on a large set of unlabeled musical “sentences”, initialize a classifier with the pretrained language model weights, and then finetune the classifier on a small set of labeled data. We conduct extensive experiments on International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP) piano data using a range of modern language model architectures. We show that pretraining substantially improves classification performance and that Transformer-based architectures perform best. We also introduce two data augmentation strategies and present evidence that the model learns generalizable and semantically meaningful information.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors apply the current hot VR technology to piano performance and simulate the virtual piano performance scene through VR technology, so as to enhance the on-the-spot experience for piano players and continuously improve their psychological quality, so that they can better adjust their nervous bad mentality in actual combat.
Abstract: Piano performance requires not only skillful and excellent playing skills, but also good psychological quality and improvisation. The perfect performance is the natural language of a pianist's usual skill and mood. The various emotional activities and expressions of the overall situation in relation to the player's performance, mental issues such as the intensity and horror of the scene, seriously affect the pianist’s actual performance while playing. The piano is therefore very important for mind control. Based on this, this paper attempts to apply the current hot VR technology to piano performance and simulate the virtual piano performance scene through VR technology, so as to enhance the on-the-spot experience for piano players and continuously improve their psychological quality, so that they can better adjust their nervous bad mentality in actual combat. This article first has carried on the 3D virtual reality piano stage modeling experiment, and then selected the 20 young pianist piano training involved in day-to-day contrast test, the test group of 10 people for daily training, virtual piano stage under the environment of normal control group of 10 people ordinary daily training, training time four hours a day, for three months, all participants will take part in The Provincial Youth Piano Competition since the end of the training. The final test results showed that in the competition site, the performance level of 10 players in the test group was generally better than that of the control group. Among them, there were 2 subjects in the test group who played for a long time, while one of the control groups gave up playing in the middle. In addition, in the horizontal comparison, it is found that subjects who are older and have been learning piano for a long time have better on-the-spot mental adjustment ability and more stable performance. Boys performed better than girls, and subjects with positive, optimistic, and confident personalities performed better than those with introverted and low self-confidence.
TL;DR: Simulations of the models allow, among others, to estimate the maximal playing frequency, to discover the bridle strap and butt spring usefulness in the upright piano, to illustrate the fast repetition capability at a halfway keystroke in the grand piano action and to virtually adjust its settings.
TL;DR: In this paper, hand difference between hands (DBH) was investigated as an important factor determining performance proficiency for experts and amateurs, and hand difference was more significant in experts than in amateurs across features.
Abstract: Quantitative evaluation of piano performance is of interests in many fields, including music education and computational performance rendering. Previous studies utilized features extracted from audio or musical instrument digital interface (MIDI) files but did not address the difference between hands (DBH), which might be an important aspect of high-quality performance. Therefore, we investigated DBH as an important factor determining performance proficiency. To this end, 34 experts and 34 amateurs were recruited to play two excerpts on a Yamaha Disklavier. Each performance was recorded in MIDI, and handcrafted features were extracted separately for the right hand (RH) and left hand (LH). These were conventional MIDI features representing temporal and dynamic attributes of each note and computed as absolute values (e. g., MIDI velocity) or ratios between performance and corresponding scores (e. g., ratio of duration or inter-onset interval (IOI)). These note-based features were rearranged into additional features representing DBH by simple subtraction between features of both hands. Statistical analyses showed that DBH was more significant in experts than in amateurs across features. Regarding temporal features, experts pressed keys longer and faster with the RH than did amateurs. Regarding dynamic features, RH exhibited both greater values and a smoother change along melodic intonations in experts that in amateurs. Further experiments using principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machine (SVM) verified that hand-difference features can successfully differentiate experts from amateurs according to performance proficiency. Moreover, existing note-based raw feature values (Basic features) and DBH features were tested repeatedly via 10-fold cross-validation, suggesting that adding DBH features to Basic features improved F1 scores to 93.6% (by 3.5%) over Basic features. Our results suggest that differently controlling both hands simultaneously is an important skill for pianists; therefore, DBH features should be considered in the quantitative evaluation of piano performance.
27 Sep 2021
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate how heuristics defined by experts and spatiotemporal models can be used to design visualisations that motivate and encourage learners based on their personalised learning patterns.
Abstract: The process of learning the piano for novices is usually difficult and time-consuming. Several approaches in augmented reality such as piano-roll visualizations have been explored but have not garnered enough success and adoption. These piano roll prototypes have introduced several features and modules that assist novices on aspects such in sight reading, timing and many others. However, improvisation, the act of allowing the piano user to incorporate their personal touch into their performance, and personalised learning have not been much explored in this domain. In this PhD, we are going to explore how we can encourage piano learners to improvise with the use of adaptive piano roll visualisations. Specifically, we are going to investigate how heuristics defined by experts and spatiotemporal models can be used to design visualisations that motivate and encourage learners based on their personalised learning patterns. Using these models and inputs, we will design and build a piano roll training system integrated with adaptive visualisations that serve as intervention helping learners. We will evaluate and compare these visualisations in various user studies where they get to play piano pieces and develop their improvisation skills. We intend to uncover whether these adaptive visualisations will be helpful in the overall training of piano learners. Additionally, we wish to explore whether these adaptive visualisations will allow us to discover affordances that can potentially improve piano learning in general.
TL;DR: The ascendancy of China's Cultural Revolution led to a purge of the rightists, including musicians as mentioned in this paper, and Zhao Xiaosheng's emotional entanglement of fear and suppressed hostility toward the revolution, reflected in the political and artistic ambivalence in his two ballades for solo piano composed after his father's death.
Abstract: The ascendancy of China’s Cultural Revolution led to a purge of the rightists, including musicians. This article unveils composer Zhao Xiaosheng’s emotional entanglement of fear and suppressed hostility toward the revolution, reflected in the political and artistic ambivalence in his two ballades for solo piano composed after his father’s death.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a randomised controlled trial with 32 novice children, aged seven, learning to play the piano with both hands whilst reading music notation, and found evidence for a causal relationship between music learning and improvements in verbal skills.
Abstract: There is a substantial body of evidence that demonstrates links between language and music and between music and improved cognitive ability, particularly with regard to verbal and working memory, in both adults and children. However, there is often a mix of type of musical training and instrument used and use of musical notation. The research reported here uses a randomised controlled trial with 32 novice children, aged seven, learning to play the piano with both hands whilst reading music notation. The intervention was conducted in a school setting, each child receiving in total four hours of instruction. Results confirm previous findings that short-term music instruction improves working memory. Results also demonstrated that children with this musical training outperformed controls on a word identification measure. Overall, the results show evidence for a causal relationship between music learning and improvements in verbal skills. The significant differences occurred after only one term of instruction and were stable 3 months post-intervention.
TL;DR: In this article, the difference between expert and non-expert music sight-readers is defined as "visual processing expertise in musicians has traditionally focused on the difference difference between experts and sightreaders".
Abstract: Visual processing expertise in musicians has traditionally focused on the difference between expert and non-expert music sight-readers. More generally, differences between musicians and non-musicia...
TL;DR: A system model that can automatically evaluate most piano repertoires has been designed starting from the Internet of Things technology and the results show that the number of identifications and missing numbers of the system are not much different from those of manual identification, which proves its superiority.
Abstract: Ubiquitous sensors cover many areas of modern society. As the sensor network matures, various applications based on the Internet of Things are setting off a new revolution in all aspects of social life. In order to in-depth study whether the Internet of Things technology can be used in the automatic evaluation of piano performance, this article uses artificial system comparison method, database establishment method, and model construction method to collect samples, analyze the automatic evaluation model, and streamline the algorithm, and based on these foundations, a practical automatic evaluation system for piano performance was created. However, the role of this article does not stop there. There are also a variety of algorithm-like models and the construction of technical models. First, the practicality of the created model is studied, and it is found that the traditional manual recognition rate is about 52%, while the recognition rate of the system in this paper is more than 90%, and the average recognition time of the system is 1.1 s. The start-up process and recognition process time of other systems are all no more than 6 s, indicating the superior performance of the system. On this basis, select the classic piano textbook: Thompson’s Simple Piano Tutorial. From it, select representative pieces as test samples. We can find that the overall F-measure value is above 90%, and the average F-measure value is 96.8%; the system performance test is good and can provide accurate evaluation results for piano learners. The results show that the number of identifications and missing numbers of the system are not much different from those of manual identification, which further proves its superiority. It is basically realized that starting from the Internet of Things technology, a system model that can automatically evaluate most piano repertoires has been designed.
TL;DR: The synthesis of classical and romantic concepts in the orchestration of Brahms' Second Piano Concerto is discussed in this paper, where the composer rethinks ways of presenting musical material in the orchestra by conceptualizing both the classical orchestral structure (the size, the approach to the brass section) and the Romantic-like treatment of solos, alternations, etc.
Abstract: The synthesis of ‘Classical’ and ‘Romantic’ concepts in the orchestration of Brahms’ Second Piano Concerto is discussed. The composer rethinks ways of presenting musical material in the orchestra by conceptualising both the ‘Classical’ orchestral structure (the size, the approach to the brass section) and the Romantic-like treatment of solos, alternations, etc. as unified domains.
TL;DR: “The Masque of the Red Death,” published in May 1842, bears the traces of Poe’s despair over his wife's illness and his deepening dependence on alcohol, and reveals how the physical symptoms of diseases can provide visual cues to explore the unknown processes of transmission and infection.
Abstract: Four months before the publication of the short story “The Masque of the Red Death” in Graham’s Magazine, Edgar Allan Poe’s wife contracted tuberculosis. While singing at the piano, nineteen-year-o...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate the teaching and learning of piano timbre and investigate how these skills are acquired and developed in piano lessons and what the role is of elements such as concepts, technique, sonic outcomes, and bodily movements.
Abstract: The ability to play the piano with a variety of timbres requires a performer to have advanced pianistic skills. Little is known about how these skills are acquired and developed in piano lessons and what the role is of elements such as concepts, technique, sonic outcomes, and bodily movements. To investigate the teaching and learning of piano timbre, the lessons of three pairs of university-level teachers and students (two teachers and three students) were observed, during which they behaved as usual in the first two lessons and were asked to use a dialogic teaching approach in the third lesson. Verbal communications of teachers and students about timbre were coded and analyzed, aiming to gain insight into the teaching/learning process of piano timbre and the roles of embodiment and teacher-student interaction in the context of higher music education. The results suggest that piano timbre is not learned through imitation or as "fixed" and objective knowledge, but as a co-constructed conception between the teachers and the students. The meaning of timbre goals in piano lessons is enacted through "in-the-moment" bodily experience and embodied through performance actions. This study contributes to the understanding of piano timbre as a multifaceted phenomenon and illustrates the teacher's role in developing the student's mind-body integration involved in tone production.
31 Jan 2021
TL;DR: Piyano performansinin duyussal boyutlari kapsaminda ele alinan oz yeterlik algisi ve sinav kaygisi, performans in niteligini etkilemektedir as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Piyano performansinin duyussal boyutlari kapsaminda ele alinan oz yeterlik algisi ve sinav kaygisi, performansin niteligini etkilemektedir. Muzik ogretmeni adaylarinin, piyano performans basarilari bakimindan ozyeterlik algisi yuksek, kaygi duzeyini kontrol altinda tutabilen ogretmenler olarak yetismesi beklenmektedir. Bu calisma muzik ogretmeni adaylarinin piyano performansi oz yeterlik algilarinin ve sinav kaygilarinin duzeyini ve bu iki degisken arasindaki iliskiyi belirlemeyi amaclamistir. Arastirmada iliskisel tarama modeli kullanilmis, orneklemi toplam 718 muzik ogretmeni adayi olusturmustur. Veriler kisisel bilgi formu, piyano performansi oz yeterlik olcegi ve sinav kaygisi envanteri ile toplanmistir. Elde edilen veriler Pearson Korelasyon Katsayisi, tek yonlu varyans analizi (ANOVA) Welch testi, Scheffe testi ve Games Howell testi ile analiz edilmistir. Arastirma sonuclari, muzik ogretmeni adaylarinin piyano performansi oz yeterlik algilarinin ve sinav kaygilarinin orta duzeyde oldugunu gostermistir. Piyano performansi oz yeterlik algisi, piyano egitimine erken yasta baslayan, gunluk piyano calisma suresi 2 saatten fazla olan, piyano basari notu yuksek olan ve bireysel calgisi piyano olan muzik ogretmeni adaylari lehine anlamli bir fark gostermistir. Muzik ogretmeni adaylarinin piyano performansi oz yeterlik algisi ile sinav kaygilari arasinda negatif yonde anlamli ve orta duzeyde bir iliski oldugu tespit edilmistir. Arastirma sonuclari baglaminda, piyano performansi oz yeterlik algisini arttirmaya ve sinav kaygi duzeyini azaltmaya yonelik program gelistirme calismalari yapilabilir, ogretmen degerlendirme, akran degerlendirme calismalari ile yapici elestirilerin etkisi incelenebilir. Piyano performans surecine iliskin calisma aliskanliklari ve ozduzenleme ile ilgili programlarin duzenlenmesine ve bu programlarinin sinanmasina yonelik deneysel arastirmalar yapilabilir.