Showing papers on "Potassium nitrate published in 1979"

Adsorption of nitrate, chloride and sulfate by some highly weathered soils from south-east queensland

Abstract: Soil was collected from a number of sites and depths to 300 cm within four great soil groups (krasnozem, red earth, xanthozem, podzolic). Nitrate, chloride and sulfate adsorption were determined at the soil pH. Various soil properties likely to influence the magnitude of adsorption were determined, and their relative importance to adsorption was assessed using stepwise multiple regression. The subsoils of all four soil groups adsorbed nitrate ranging up to 0.47 mmoles/100 g from 0.005 M potassium nitrate solution. The mean adsorption for soil groups decreased in the order krasnozem, xanthozem, red earth and podzolic. Chloride and sulfate adsorption was largely equivalent to that of nitrate. The variations in adsorption between and within great soil groups could be attributed to changes in organic matter, smectite minerals, hydroxy aluminium, surface area and pH.

The hydrolysis of metal ions. Part 1. Copper(II)

Abstract: The hydrolysis of copper(II) has been investigated by potentiometric titration at 25 °C in 0.10 mol dm–3 potassium nitrate. Advanced computing techniques have been used for data treatment. For the species [Cu(OH)]+, [Cu2(OH)2]2+, and [Cu3(OH)4]2+, values for –log βpq are found to be 7.71 (0.04),10.99 (0.02), and 21.62 (0.03), respectively, the estimated standard deviations being in parentheses.

Mutagenicity of Degradation and Reaction Products of Butyl Hydroxy Anisol with Sodium Nitrite or Potassium Nitrate by Irradiation of Ultra Violet Ray

Abstract: In our previous works, we reported many degradation products and reaction products of butyl hydroxy anisol (BHA) with Sodium nitrite or potassium nitrate by irradiation of UV-ray. These compounds were as follows:Reaction products: 1, 4-dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzene (I), 1-hydroxy-2-tert-butyl-4-methoxy-6-nitrobenzene (II), 1, 4-dimethoxy-2-tert-butyl-6-nitrobenzene (III), 1, 4-dihydroxy-2-tert-butyl-6-nitrobenzene (IV). Degradation products: 2-tert-butyl-quinone (V), 2-tert-butyl-hydroquinone (VI), 2-tert-butyl-1, 4-dimethoxy-benzene (VII), 2′, 3-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-4′, 5-dimethoxy biphenil ether (VIII), 3, 3′-di-tert-butyl-2, 2′-dihydroxy-5, 5′-dimethoxy biphenyl (IX), 3, 3′-di-tert-butyl-2′-hydroxy-2, 5, 5′-trimethoxy biphenyl (X), 3, 3′-di-tert-butyl-2, 2′, 5, 5′-tetramethoxy biphenyl (XI)In the present paper, we studied on mutagenicity of these compounds. Compound-VI showed a notable mutagenicity in the rec-assay using wild and recombinationless strains of Bacillus subtilis and sensitivity test using wild and rad mutant strains of Yeast in comparison with original materials.

Process and composition for neutralization of acidic combustion products and for boiler cleaning

Abstract: In the combustion zone of a furnace burning sulphur-containing fuel, one introduces continuously sodium or potassium nitrate; ammonium nitrate; calcium hydroxide and/or magnesium carbonate; carbon; and ammonium carbonate. A neutralization of acidic sulphur compounds formed by the combustion is achieved, and the boiler is kept free from soot and other deposits.

Isotope studies on the comparative efficiency of nitrogenous sources

Abstract: In a growth chamber experiment with 15N-labelled potassium nitrate, ammonium sulphate and urea at 75 and 150 kg nitrogen/ha and ammonium nitrate at 150 kg nitrogen/ha, nitrogen application produced significant responses of dry matter yield and total nitrogen uptake by shoot and root of barley in chernozemic dark brown Elstow silt loam and deep black Hoey clay soil. Total nitrogen removal per pot and isotope-derived criteria, viz. percentage nitrogen derived from fertilizer, 'A' value and percentage fertilizer nitrogen utilization, indicated that potassium nitrate was the most efficient and urea the least. At 75 kg nitrogen/ha, the recovery of fertilizer nitrogen in shoot and root was 47, 42 and 34% in Elstow silt loam and 65, 54 and 50% in Hoey clay with potassium nitrate ammonium sulphate and urea respectively. At 150 ppm nitrogen, these values were 62, 46 and 45 % in Elstow silt loam and 75,51 and 53 % in Hoey clay and that of ammonium nitrogen from ammonium nitrate, 17 and 43 % in the two soils respectively. The percentage excess of 15N in soil total nitrogen after the harvest of barley showed that urea was tied up more in the soil, causing lower efficiency for crop recovery. The contribution of root portion for different parameters in such evaluation studies needed equal consideration. The availability of fertilizer nitrogen for crop utilization was more in Hoey clay than in Elstow silt loam. Immobilization and losses of fertilizer nitrogen were greater in Elstow silt loam.

High temperature two component explosive

Abstract: A two component, high temperature, thermally stable explosive composition comprises a liquid or low melting oxidizer and a liquid or low melting organic fuel. The oxidizer and fuel in admixture are incapable of substantial spontaneous exothermic reaction at temperatures on the order of 475° K. At temperatures on the order of 475° K., the oxidizer and fuel in admixture have an activation energy of at least about 40 kcal/mol. As a result of the high activation energy, the preferred explosive compositions are nondetonable as solids at ambient temperature, and become detonable only when heated beyond the melting point. Preferable oxidizers are selected from alkali or alkaline earth metal nitrates, nitrites, perchlorates, and/or mixtures thereof. Preferred fuels are organic compounds having polar hydrophilic groups. The most preferred fuels are guanidinium nitrate, acetamide and mixtures of the two. Most preferred oxidizers are eutectic mixtures of lithium nitrate, potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate, of sodium nitrite, sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate, and of potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate and sodium nitrate.

The hydrolysis of metal ions. part 1. copper(ii)

Abstract: The hydrolysis of copper(II) has been investigated by potentiometric titration at 25 °C in 0.10 mol dm–3 potassium nitrate. Advanced computing techniques have been used for data treatment. For the species [Cu(OH)]+, [Cu2(OH)2]2+, and [Cu3(OH)4]2+, values for –log βpq are found to be 7.71 (0.04),10.99 (0.02), and 21.62 (0.03), respectively, the estimated standard deviations being in parentheses.

Solubility Data for Na2CO3 and K2CO3 Dissolved in Molten NaNO3/KNO3 Eutectic

Abstract: Relatively little is known about the basic physical chemistry of even simple molten salt systems. This communication reports data for the solubilities of Na2CO3 and K2CO3 in molten sodium nitrate/potassium nitrate eutectic at temperatures between 520 and 620 K. Values of the Gibb's free energy, enthalpy and entropy of solution have been calculated from these results.

Treating agent for aluminium or aluminium alloys

Abstract: PURPOSE:To prevent the deterioration of Al materials by effectively reducing sodium content in Al materials by using a treating agent in which appropriate amounts of ammonium chloride, calcium fluoride, potassium chloride, calcium carbonate, and potassium sulfate are compounded. CONSTITUTION:A mixture of 30 to 70wt% ammonium chloride, 5 to 40wt% aluminium fluoride, potassium fluoride, potassium silicofluoride, calcium fluoride, or aluminium potassium fluoride, and 5 to 65wt% potassium chloride, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate, potassium nitrate, or potassium sulfate is used in the preparation of a treating agent for Al materials. This treating agent is introduced into molten aluminium by a known method, e.g., a force method. At this time, ammonium chloride is dissociated by the molten aluminium to form chloride, whereupon sodium is removed. At the same time, the introduction of hydrogen into the molten metal is hindered by the degassing action of fluoride. Thus, the removal of sodium from Al material can be performed effectively on a paying soale.

Isotope Studies on the Comparative Efficiency of Nitrogenous Sources

Abstract: Abstvact In a growth chamber experiment with 15N-labelled potassium nitrate, ammonium sulphate and urea at 75 and 150 kg nitrogenlha and ammonium nitrate at 150 kg nitrogenlha, nitrogen application produced significant responses of dry matter yield and total nitrogen uptake by shoot and root of barley in chernozemic dark brown Elstow silt loam and deep black Hoey clay soil. Total nitrogen removal per pot and isotope-derived criteria, viz. percentage nitrogen derived from fertilizer, 'A' value and percentage fertilizer nitrogen utilization, indicated that potassium nitrate was the most efficient and urea the least. At 75 kg nitrogenlha, the recovery of fertilizer nitrogen in shoot and root was 47, 42 and 34% in Elstow silt loam and 65, 54 and 50% in Hoey clay with potassium nitrate ammonium sulphate and urea respectively. At 150 ppm nitrogen, these values were 62, 46 and 45 % in Elstow silt loam and 75,51 and 53 % in Hoey clay and that of ammonium nitrogen from ammonium nitrate, 17 and 43 % in the two soils respectively. The percentage excess of 15N in soil total nitrogen after the harvest of barley showed that urea was tied up more in the soil, causing lower efficiency for crop recovery. The contribution of root portion for different parameters in such evaluation studies needed equal consideration. The availability of fertilizer nitrogen for crop utilization was more in Hoey clay than in Elstow silt loam. Immobilization and losses of fertilizer nitrogen were greater in Elstow silt loam.