Showing papers on "Pulley published in 1992"

Miter saw alignment system

Abstract: A miter saw with an optical system for projecting an optical alignment marker onto a workpiece. The miter saw has a base, a turntable rotatably supported by the base, a fence disposed above the base for supporting the orientation of the workpiece located on the base, a support coupled to the rear portion of the turntable, and a cutting apparatus including a blade for cutting the workpiece. The cutting apparatus is pivotally coupled to the support for positioning the blade from a raised position above the workpiece to an operational position for engagement with the workpiece. The light projection system is attached to the cutting apparatus for projecting an optical alignment marker onto the workpiece so that the location at which the blade engages the workpiece is in a selectably adjustable relationship with respect to the position of the optical alignment marker on the workpiece. A belt-driven embodiment of the miter saw has an adjustable pulley system comprising a motor connected to a drive pulley, a blade pulley connected to the blade, the blade pulley being in substantial alignment with the drive pulley, and a belt for connecting the drive pulley with the blade pulley. An adjustment mechanism for adjusting the distance between the drive pulley and the blade pulley is provided so that the tension on the drive belt may be adjusted.

Serpentine drive with coil spring-one-way clutch alternator connection

Abstract: A serpentine belt drive system for an automotive vehicle in which the sequence of driven assemblies includes an alternator assembly comprising a housing and an armature assembly mounted in the housing for rotation about an armature axis. A hub structure is carried by the armature assembly outwardly of the housing for rotation therewith about the armature axis. A coil spring and one-way clutch mechanism is disposed in operative relation between the alternator pulley and the hub structure for (1) transmitting the driven rotational movements of the alternator pulley by the serpentine belt to the hub structure such that the armature assembly is rotated in the same direction as the alternator pulley while being capable of instantaneous relative resilient rotational movements in opposite directions with respect to the alternator pulley during the driven rotational movement thereof and (2) allowing the hub structure and hence the armature assembly to rotate at a speed in excess of the rotational speed of said alternator pulley when the speed of the engine output shaft is decelerated to an extent sufficient to establish the torque between said alternator pulley and said hub structure at a predetermined negative level.

Apparatus and method for testing and exercising cevical muscles

Abstract: An exercise machine (10) and method for testing and exercising the cervical muscles of a patient or user. A movement arm (58) is mounted for pivotal movement about a horizontal axis defined by stub shafts (64, 66) and has a head pad (60) adapted to be contacted by the head of the patient. The exercise machine (10) has a chair (22) mounted for rotation to a desired angular position and mounted for vertical adjustment by actuation of a foot lever (38) to position the chair (22) relative to movement arm (58) and head pad (60). Chair (22) is also mounted for translatory horizontal movement parallel to the pivot axis of the movement arm (58) and for translatory horizontal movement perpendicular to the pivot axis of the movement arm (58) by movable bases (45, 46) thereby to precisely position the head of a user relative to head pad (60) while the user is seated in the chair (22) and pivoted among angular positions. A strain gauge (117 ) has one end anchored to the fixed frame (20, 118) and the other end is secured to a releasable locking means (130, 132) for the pulley wheel (78, 86) to block rotation of the pulley wheel (78) for static testing of the cervical muscles.

Serpentine drive with coil spring alternator connection

Abstract: A serpentine belt drive system for an automotive vehicle in which the sequence of driven assemblies includes an alternator assembly comprising a housing and an armature assembly mounted in the housing for rotation about an armature axis. A hub structure is carried by the armature assembly outwardly of the housing for rotation therewith about the armature axis. A coil spring is disposed in operative relation between the alternator pulley and the hub structure for transmitting the driven rotational movements of the alternator pulley by the serpentine belt to the hub structure such that the armature assembly is rotated in the same direction as the alternator pulley while being capable of instantaneous relative resilient rotational movements in opposite directions with respect to the alternator pulley during the driven rotational movement thereof.

Prosthetic knee joint

Abstract: A robotic knee (10) for mounting on an upper leg stump (28), allowing movement from standing position to normal walking position to kneeling position and returning to standing position. A mounting plate (24) receives the upper leg stump. The knee includes a housing (12) having a drive motor (16) which can be rotated one direction to bend knee and reversed to straighten knee. The drive motor turns a worm gear (44) which engages a main drive gear (46). A pair of extension pulleys (48) is mounted on a main drive gear shaft attached to main drive gear. A pair of extension cables (54) is attached at one end to extension pulleys and wrapped thereon. Another end of extension cables is attached to the front of mounting plate. A pair of flexion pulleys (50) is attached to main drive gear. A pair of flexion cables (68) is attached at one end to flexion pulleys and wrapped thereon. Another end of flexion cables is attached to the rear of mounting plate. On a bottom of mounting plate is a rack (32) with teeth (34). The teeth engage a walking gear segment (36), allowing the plate to move up and down in a rocking motion by extension and flexion cables, the teeth rock on walking gear segment allowing knee to simulate a natural rocking motion.

Vehicle hydraulic three-point hitch and power take-off shaft

Abstract: An inventive three-point hitch assembly that attaches to the front end of a truck or pickup and supports at three points a plurality of implements or tools. It has a belt-driven power take-off for rotary tools that is controlled by an electric clutch and driven by a pulley attached below the truck engine pulley. A hydraulic lift cylinder raises and lowers the hitch and implement or tool, which by the hitch parallelogram form maintains the implements in a vertical orientation. The lift cylinder hydraulic pressure is supplied by connections to the truck power steering system via electrically controlled solenoid valves.

Spotter system for weightlifters

Abstract: A spotter system is disclosed herein for assisting a weightlifter to safely exert a maximum effort during a weightlifting procedure. The system includes a frame for removably supporting a weight arrangement comprised of either free or track weights. The frame further supports a pneumatic lift which includes cables secured at one end to the barbell and at their opposite ends to a pulley. Via a chain drive from the pulley, an intermediate wheel is moved which, in turn, pivots a lever arm. The lever arm is attached at one end to a piston and cylinder assembly that offers less resistence to the users exerted effort to raise the barbell. Control of the resistence is effected by body limb activation of positive or negative switches coupled to the piston and cylinder assembly which further includes an air compressor, gages and relief valves.

A simple calibration method for mechanically braked cycle ergometers.

Abstract: The calibration of cycle ergometers should be checked regularly. Some studies have shown calibration errors of more than 40%. A simple, inexpensive calibrating method for mechanically braked cycle ergometers was developed and tried out on a new type of ergocycle. The cycle ergometer was elevated and the crank replaced by a pulley fitted to the shaft. The crank speed (rpm) increased linearly as a function of time when different masses were applied on the pulley. For a given braking force on the cycle ergometer, different accelerations corresponding to the increased pulley forces could be measured. When extrapolating for zero acceleration, it was possible to determine a "limit-force" which allowed the system to be in equilibrium. Additional force creates motion. The same experiments were repeated with increasing braking forces. Using the differently sized gear sprockets of the transmission system, it was possible to calculate the actual force, including all the resistances. The actual force found by the calibrating method was then compared with the indicated force proposed by the manufacturer. With increasing forces, the relative errors decreased from 9.6 to 2.9%. The cycle ergometer calibrated by this technique meets the standards recommended in exercise physiology.

Torque variable exercising apparatus

Abstract: A torque variable exercising apparatus includes a frame, a first cable-and-pulley arrangement and an impeding mechanism. The first cable-and-pulley includes a first cable having one end fixed to the frame and a second end incorporating an operating handle. The first cable moves up and down to pass a series of fixed pulleys and a first movable pulley. The impeding mechanism includes a second cable-and pulley arrangement mounted on the frame and connected to and suspending the first movable pulley, a vertical stand and a lever arm pivotally mounted on the vertical stand and having a first end connected to the second cable-and-pulley arrangement and a second end of the lever arm carrying a weight. The operating handle can be operated to apply a force at the first end of the lever via the second cable-and-pulley arrangement.

Self-energized controllable belt tensioner

Abstract: This invention includes a belt tensioner (10) in combination with a variable speed drive (8), which tensioner (10), upon command, uses a pump (26) continuously driven by a fixed diameter pulley (18) positioned by a rotary actuator (16) to take up and tension the belt (2) passing over the same pulley (18). Another embodiment includes a linear actuated tensioner (50) which replaces the rotary actuator (16) described above. A further embodiment includes a linear actuator (70) which is mounted on a rotary arm (71). All of the embodiments take up and tension the belt (2) passing over their respective pulleys.

Belt tension adjusting device

Abstract: A belt tension adjusting device having a pulley arm having a bore formed with threads, a fixed member and a support shaft extending upwardly from the fixed member into the bore in the pulley arm. A bolt made of a synthetic resin is axially movably mounted on the support shaft and held in thread engagement with the threads formed on the bore. An elastic member is mounted in the bore between the bolt and the support shaft or a member integrally mounted on the support shaft for biasing the bolt in an axial direction. A coil spring is mounted on the pulley arm and having one end thereof in engagement with the pulley arm and the other end with the fixed member.

Gymnastic training device

Abstract: A gymnastic training device has a conventional training belt adapted to support a gymnast at the waist. A pair of elongated resilient supporting assemblies are attached to opposite sides of the training belt and are comprised of bungy cords which can be selectively added or removed with respect to the assemblies to adjust the resilient capabilities thereof. A pulley support means including a pair of laterally positioned pulleys and at least one elevated pulley are supported over the normal position of the training belt by either a self-standing frame or by a frame assembly attached to the ceiling of a building. A first cable has a center portion and opposite ends with the opposite ends being secured to each of the free ends of the elongated resilient supporting assemblies. The first cable has its center portion threaded over the laterally positioned pulleys and the elevated pulley whereby the training belt is centrally supported between and below the laterally positioned pulleys and above a generally horizontal gymnastic surface. A loop is formed in the first cable and extends downwardly below one of the laterally positioned cables. The loop has a pulley thereon which is secured to the upper end of a second cable which has its lower end secured to an anchored crank mechanism whereby the operation of the crank mechanism can adjust the length of the first cable and thereby adjust the effective height of the training belt.

Engine-driven lawn mower system with a retractable belt-driven rotary grass trimming flail unit, and methods of mounting the unit on lawn mowers

Abstract: A motorized lawn mowing machine has a generally horizontal deck with an engine releasably mounted thereon. A vertical drive shaft driven by the engine protrudes through an opening in the deck to mount a grass cutter blade thereon below the deck. A releasably mounted adaptor plate is mounted on the deck between the engine and deck, the plate having an opening for passing the shaft and having radially extending extension arm mechanism with parallel arms projecting radially at a sidewisely forward angle. The plate houses a first pulley fixed to rotate with the shaft at the level of the arms. The arm mechanism slideably supports a vertical flail assembly having an upper second pulley in alignment with the first pulley. An endless belt drive member is trained around the pulleys, and manipulatable mechanism is connected to slide the vertical flail device on the arm mechanism to engage and tauten the endless member to rotate the flail assembly.

Automatic vertical blind controller with memory

Abstract: An automatic vertical blind controller with memory, particularly an automatic vertical blind controller with automatic/manual operated memory for control of vertical blind turning and movement automatically by referring to a reference data in the memory representing the upper limit degree of turning/movement set up by its user, comprising an outer casing, an inner casing and a control circuit board, in which the control circuit board is composed of an infrared receiver circuit, a manual operated push button control circuit, a single-chip microprocessor, two relay motor driving circuits, a music control circuit, and a power supply; the inner casing is incorporated with two d.c. motors each incorporated with a reducing gear, two light sensor within it, and a chain pulley, a cord pulley, two light detectors, two guide wheels, and two press wheels outside the inner casing except the two light detectors are located below the chain pulley and the cord pulley within the inner casing; the control circuit board is located at the rear part of the inner casing; the outer casing is incorporated with five push buttons and has a size just for fitting of the inner casing.

CT ARM-I: coupled tendon-driven manipulator model I-design and basic experiments

Abstract: A nine-degree-of-freedom multijoint manipulator called the CT ARM-I has been developed. The CT ATM-I is based on the concept of coupled drive and the connected differential mechanism, and thus the force for lifting a payload does not concentrate on one actuator but is distributed among all actuators. This manipulator has a specific tendon traction force transmission mechanism in which a pair of tendons for driving a joint are pulled from base actuators via pulleys mounted on the base-side joints. The mechanism uses the coupled drive function of the tendon traction forces and thus enables the lightweight manipulator to exhibit high payload capability. Through the experimental study, it was demonstrated that the CT ARM-I has an active compliance arm and offers payload capability far superior to conventional designs. >

Portable testing device for measuring static and dynamic drag fractors

Abstract: A portable testing device designed to provide slope compensated static and dynamic drag factors. A test material is mounted on a dragging block which is then placed on the test surface. A cable is attached to the dragging block, passed through a foot held pulley device and attached to a rod which protrudes out of an electronics box. The user pulls on the cable while holding onto handgrips attached to the electronics box. This causes the dragging block to be pulled across the test surface. The strain caused by the forces created by the friction between the test surface and the test material is measured using a strain gauge. This strain is used, along with the weight of the dragging block, to determine the slope compensated drag factors.

Compound bow having offset cable anchor

Abstract: A compound archery bow has an adjustable anchor in which a bracket having two arms is connected to the axle upon which the wheels rotate. The arms are interconnected by a translation mechanism for moveably locating the end of the cable along a path parallel to the axle. The translation mechanism is a cylindrical member having a helical groove in the outer surface thereof. The free end of the cable is looped over the cylindrical member and fastened to the cable. Rotating the cylindrical member causes the looped end of the cable to change position from side to side across the limb, permitting adjustment to minimize the net torque on the limb. Other embodiments of the translation mechanism include a pulley, parallel to the other pulleys, mounted on a threaded axle, or a threaded eyelet attached to the end of the cable and engaging a bolt connected to the two arms of the anchor bracket. A fixed anchor locates the cable at a predetermined position across the width of the limb to optimize the torques on the limbs for a given pair of wheels.

Power transmission structure of a working car

Abstract: A power transmission structure for a working car provided at the center thereof with a working machine, such as a mower. Power is transmitted by the simplest mechanism from a vertical engine to axles and the working machine. Two output pulleys are attached to a vertical rotary output shaft of the vertical engine. One pulley drives a pump shaft of an axle driving unit and the other pulley drives an input pulley of the working machine. A hydraulic power transmission and a differential gear are laterally eccentrically disposed within the axle driving unit. The hydraulic transmission comprises a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor. Power is transmitted from the rotary output shaft of the vertical engine to a vertical pump shaft of the hydraulic pump. A motor shaft of the hydraulic motor is operatively connected to the differential gear.

Apparatus and method for generating a variable pulley sheave profile

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for generating same provides a pulley sheave inner face profile for a variable pulley of a continuously variable transmission allowing the crowned face chain-belt centerline to remain in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of the pulleys at all times and at all drive ratios. Given a primary pulley sheave inner face profile, a corresponding secondary pulley sheave inner face profile can be developed to achieve substantially perfect belt alignment. The pulley sheave inner face profiles may be designed to be identical or congruent. Congruent pulley sheave inner face profiles can be developed according to an algebraic solution allowing numerically controlled design and manufacturing techniques in the fabrication of the sheave inner faces.

Belt construction, the combination of the belt construction and a pulley and methods of making the same

Abstract: The combination of an endless power transmission belt construction and a pulley therefor, the belt construction and methods of making the same are provided, the belt construction (41-41B) having opposed inner and outer surfaces (48-48B, 49-49B) with each surface defining a plurality of longitudinally disposed and alternately spaced apart like projections (60-60B) and grooves (61-61B) that are adapted to mesh with a ribbed surface (71) of a pulley (70), the depth (D) of the grooves of each of the surfaces of the belt construction (41-41B) being substantially less than the approximately 2.4 mm depth of the grooves of the known belt construction that is adapted to have one of the opposed surfaces thereof mesh with the ribbed surface of the pulley in the same manner as the first mentioned belt construction.

Control device for continuously variable transmission for vehicles and method of controlling the same

Abstract: In a continuously variable transmission of the type in which a speed change ratio is changed in a manner that the radius of rotation of a belt wound around a drive pulley and a driven pulley is varied by changing the width of a groove between the pulley parts of each pulley with an oil pressure. A control means for controlling an oil pressure in various control modes shifts the control mode from a hold mode to a start mode, when a driver manipulates a vehicle carrying the continuously variable transmission with his intention to start the vehicle, and an amount of discharge flow of an oil pump for generating an oil pressure exceeds a preset value. The safety factor in a stationary state is calculated using the effective tension of the CVT belt, secondary side oil pressure, and the speed change ratio. Using the calculated stationary state safety factor, a manipulated variable previously gained, and a changing rate of the primary oil pressure, a safety factor in a speed change state (transient state) is calculated. A manipulated variable of the speed change control means is limited so that the safety factor in a speed changing state exceeds a predetermined value. When the speed change performance may be damaged with the limitation of manipulated variable, a necessary quantity of the line pressure or the CVT input torque is corrected so as to increase the limit value.

Torque cushion for electromagnetic clutch

Abstract: An electromagnetic clutch assembly adapted for use in actuating a refrigerant compressor having a drive shaft with a continuously driven pulley rotatably supported about the drive shaft. An armature plate is supported in spaced parallel relationship from the pulley friction plate by an elastomeric torque cushion which extends between the drive shaft and the armature plate. The elastomeric torque cushion is capable of flexing to allow the armature plate to bridge the gap under the influence of an electromagnetic force to engage the pulley friction plate thereby translating power from the pulley to the drive shaft. The torque cushion includes at least one reinforcing member disposed within the cushion for preventing the torque cushion from buckling as torque is translated from the pulley through the armature plate and the torque cushion to the drive shaft.

Shift control device for continuously variable transmission

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve the car driving feeling when the gear ratio is to be changed, by multiplying the target primary pulley revolving speed with a correction gain exibiting a lower value with lower road surface friction coefficient, thereby determining a corrective target revolving speed, and calculating the shift speed on the basis of the deviation of the actual revolving speed from the obtained target value. CONSTITUTION:A continuously variable transmission 20 varies the gear ratio continuously by regulating the effective diameters of a primary and a secondary pulley 26, 28 by the cylinder of each Pulled. Each cylinder is connected with a main and an aux. port of a gear ratio control valve 54, which receives the adjusting pressure from a pressure control valve and the shift speed control pressure of a solenoid-operated control valve 23 and is changed over. The solenoid-operated control valve 23 performs control with an ECU 21, and at this control, the target primary revolving speed is multiplied with a correction gain exhibiting a lower value with lower road surface friction coefficient to determine a corrective target revolving speed, and the shift speed is calculated on the basis of the deviation of the actual revolving speed from this obtained corrective target value, and thereby the solenoid-operated control valve 23 is controlled.

Eccentric pulley mechanism for compound archery bow

Abstract: An eccentric pulley mechanism for a compound archery bow includes an inner eccentric wheel pivotally mounted on the distal end of a resilient bow limb, and an outer pulley wheel which is rotatable relative to the inner eccentric wheel. The inner and outer wheels respectively include rotationally offset detents and notches which are operative for interengaging the inner and outer rotating wheels when the bowstring is pulled to a fully drawn position. As the bowstring is being drawn, the outer pulley wheel and its notch rotate about the inner wheel until reaching a maximum draw where the detent and notch engage and the inner and outer wheels become operable for rotating as an eccentric wheel. When the bowstring is released the engaged inner and outer wheels eccentrically rotate back and impart an increased velocity to the bowstring as it propels an arrow.

Method of manufacturing a pulley with integral fastener and spacer

Abstract: A one-piece metallic belt driven pulley has a hub, an annular belt engaging wall having an outer belt engaging surface and a radially extending web that connects the hub and belt engaging wall. The hub has an internal bore defined by a tubular inner surface. At least a portion of the tubular inner surface that defines the bore has a plurality of axially spaced threads to form an axially extending threaded portion. In use, the threaded portion of the bore is threaded onto an axially extending thread on an outer surface of the shaft to secure the pulley to the shaft. One end of the hub takes the form of a nut having a hexagonal outer configuration that is adapted to be engaged by a tool for screwing the pulley onto the shaft. The other end of the hub forms an axially extending integral spacer, the end of which is located outwardly of an end surface of the pulley.

Magnetic roller and belt steel shot and grit pick up recovery machine

Abstract: A machine to collect iron or steel shot or ferrous grit from factory plant floors for reuse in blast machines or other industrial processes. Round doughnut like magnets mounted on a through shaft are stacked together with like North and South poles adjacent one to another in or such as N-SS-NN-SS-NN-SS-NN-SS-NN-SS-NN-S. A drive system includes a floor engaging wheel and a lug pulley and belt drive connected to a gear drive connected to one end of the through shaft that mounts the end to end round magnets extending transversely substantially the width of the machine. A multi-pocketed flexible conveyor belt is passed around the shaft and end to end magnet assembly to extend therefrom up and around idler drum located upward and toward the rear, that being non-magnetic permits iron or steel shot and/or ferrous material grit to dump from the multipocketed belt down to the separating screen. Particles passed through the separating screen are held in a large hopper for delivery return to a supply bin or where desired. The machine is a wheeled unit easily pushed over a factory or foundry floor. Larger machines may be powered driven for ease of operation.

Automatic belt tensioner with an enclosed flat wire power spring and improved zeroing and damping means

Abstract: A belt tensioning system for maintaining consistent and constant tension in a serpentine drive system consisting of a series of pulleys and an endless belt interconnecting the pulleys. The tensioning system includes a power spring with an appropriate nominal torque and rate which acts on the idler pulley, and through the idler pulley on the belt, and is suitable to maintain sufficiently constant tension over a broad range of belt length variations and pulley locations while providing damping sufficient to prevent undue pulley oscillation over a broad range of vibration conditions. In one form of the invention, the spring itself is fixed at one end to the prime mover and the other end to a tensioner arm so as to operate on the idler pulley and maintain the belt tension and provide the damping. The hysteresis of the spring responding to pulley movement thus assists in the damping. In another form of the invention additional damping is provided by a spring loaded band brake. Both the spring and the damping brake are completely enclosed within the tensioner housing. The provision of a variable anchoring point for fixing the spring to the prime mover makes it possible to alter the angular orientation of the spring to provide the optimal initial spring torque which encourages optimum initial belt tension and so improve drive life.

Belt type continuously variable transmission

Abstract: PURPOSE:To simplify shift operation by installing a cam operating member, which operates a cam for a moving pulley, combinedly in either of a neutral arm, setting a tension clutch pulley to a neutral position, or a shift arm setting a shift position. CONSTITUTION:Each cam surface of a neutral arm 44 and a shift arm 45 comes into slidingly contact with rollers 40, 42, while a neutral groove, a neutral release groove, a shift groove, etc., are installed on these cam surfaces of those of arms 44, 45, and they are slidingly contacted and engaged each with the rollers 40, 42 stepwise by rotation of both these arms 44 and 45 by means of a continuously variable speed layer 11. A moving pulley 15a is rotated by rotation of the neutral arm 44 by means of this continuously variable speed layer 11 via a connecting rod 47, and another moving pulley 16a is relatively rotated in linkage with rotation of the moving pulley 15a via an interlocking rod 28, then each diameter of contact surfaces between an engine pulley 15 and a transmission pulley 16 is relatively changed by these cam surfaces 18, 19 and fixed cams 20, 21, through which a transmission speed ratio by a transmission belt 17 is changed in a continuous variable manner.

Handrail drive mechanism for a passenger conveyor

Abstract: A drive pulley system is provided for a handrail drive mechanism (30) of a passenger conveyor (10). The system includes a pulley (46), with a handrail drive belt (32) wrapped about the pulley (46) for rotation therewith. A pair of disc-like members (58) are disposed on opposite sides of the pulley (46) to sandwich the pulley (46) therebetween. The disc-like members (58) have diameters greater than that of the pulley (46) and are rotatable relative to the pulley (46), or the disc-like members (58) may be fixed to the pulley (46) and be fabricated of low friction material. The handrail (20) is wrapped about the outer peripheries of the disc-like members (58), spacing the handrail (20) from the drive belt (32), and thereby allowing differential linear movement between the handrail drive belt (32) and the handrail (20) due to the relative rotation between the disc-like members (58) and the pulley (46), or due to slippage between the handrail (20) and the low friction disc-like members (58). The system also includes an idler pulley (44) disposed in an area between the pulley (46) and a second pulley (42) and about which both the handrail drive belt (32) and the handrail drive are wrapped to impart drive to the handrail (20) by the drive belt (32). The idler pulley (44) substantially spans the area between the other two pulleys (42, 46) to provide a large included angle (54) of engagement between the idler pulley (44), the handrail (20) and the handrail drive belt (32).