Showing papers on "Qualitative research published in 2023"

Public information needs during the COVID-19 outbreak: a qualitative study in mainland China

Abstract: PurposeThe impact of COVID-19 has led to a surge in the public’s reliance on the Internet for pandemic information, and the policy of home isolation has exacerbated this. This study aimed to investigate public information needs and ways of accessing and disseminating information during COVID-19 in mainland China.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a qualitative research approach to conduct semi-structured interviews with 15 participants from 9 cities in mainland China about information needs and access behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak. All interview recordings were converted into text and proofread, then coded and summarised in correspondence with the research questions using the grounded theory.FindingsThis study summarized the dynamics of public information needs during the 2.5-year pandemic and identified the difficulties in accessing certain information.Originality/valueAlthough information needs of public health emergencies have been a hot topic during COVID-19, scant studies focus on information needs in specific countries in Asia, especially in mainland China, the first country with a major outbreak and stringent lockdown mandates. Therefore, the current study is well enriched by focusing on information demand behavior in the context of COVID-19. Possible measures for improvement were also given to existing and potential problems, taking into account the participants’ views.

Is thematic analysis used well in health psychology? A critical review of published research, with recommendations for quality practice and reporting.

Abstract: Despite the persistent dominance of a 'scientific psychology' paradigm in health psychology, the use of qualitative research continues to grow. Qualitative approaches are often based on fundamentally different values from (post)positivistempiricism, raising important considerations for quality, and whether qualitative work adheres to, and is judged by, appropriate publication standards. Thematic analysis (TA) has become a particularly popular method in qualitative health psychology, but poor practice is widespread. To support high quality, methodologically coherent TA practice and reporting, we critically reviewed 100 systematically selected papers reporting TA, published in five prominent health psychology journals. Our review assessed reported practice, and considered this in relation to methodological and quality recommendations. We identified 10 common areas of problematic practice in the reviewed papers, the majority citing reflexive TA. Considering the role of three 'arbiters of quality' in a peer review publication system - authors, reviewers, and editors - we developed 20 recommendations for authors, to support them in conducting and reporting high quality TA research, with associated questions for reviewers and editors to consider when evaluating TA manuscripts for publication. We end with considerations for facilitating better qualitative research, and enriching the understandings and knowledge base from which health psychology is practiced.

Review of “Qualitative Literacy: A Guide to Evaluating Ethnographic and Interview Research”

Abstract: Journal Article Review of “Qualitative Literacy: A Guide to Evaluating Ethnographic and Interview Research” Get access Review of “Qualitative Literacy: A Guide to Evaluating Ethnographic and Interview Research” By Mario Luis Small and Jessica McCrory Calarco University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, 2022. 230 pages. https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520390669/qualitative-literacy Sarah Damaske Sarah Damaske Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, soad040, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soad040 Published: 25 March 2023 Article history Received: 17 February 2023 Accepted: 01 March 2023 Published: 25 March 2023

Mapping the Landscape of Netnographic Research: A Bibliometric Study of Social Interactions and Digital Culture

Abstract: Introduction: Netnography is a research method that has emerged in response to the growing popularity of online communication and social networks. Aim: To analyze communication patterns about netnography in the Scopus database. Methods: A bibliometric study was conducted in the Scopus database on netnography. The analysis was conducted globally, by country, and by institution. Results: A total of 11173 documents and 2213 authors were recovered. 35,1% of the documents were open access. The global field-weighted citation impact was 1,27. the most productive ones in the following order: United Kingdom (275 documents), United States (223 documents), Australia (165 documents), Brazil (100 documents), and France (83 documents). Conclusions: The results show that netnography is an emerging area of research, with a wide geographic and thematic diversity, that has experienced steady growth in recent years and is being explored in a variety of contexts, from market research to the analysis of social dynamics online.

Reducing inequities in maternal and child health in rural Guatemala through the CBIO+ Approach of Curamericas: 7. The empowering effect of Care Groups

Abstract: Abstract Background While there is extensive published evidence regarding the effectiveness of the Care Group Approach in promoting community-wide health behavior change, there is no published evidence regarding its empowering effect on its participants. Our study aimed to understand if the Care Group Approach as applied in the Curamericas/Guatemala Maternal and Child Health Project in isolated rural mountainous communities in Guatemala produced evidence of empowerment among the female participants. This is the seventh of 10 papers describing the expanded Census-Based, Impact-Oriented (CBIO+) Approach in improving the health and well-being of mothers and children in the rural highlands of the Department of Huehuetenango, Guatemala. Methods We conducted semi-structured individual and group interviews with 96 female Care Group participants –including Level-1 Care Group Promoters, Care Group Volunteers, and Self-Help Group participants. The participants were from six communities – two from each of the three municipalities making up the Project Area. Data were analyzed both using deductive thematic and by exploring the following social constructs: perceived social status, self-efficacy, decision-making autonomy, and formation of social capital. Results The findings supported the hypothesis that Care Group participation was an empowering process. The primary themes that emerged included increased respect accorded to women in the community, women’s willingness and ability to make decisions and their confidence in making those decisions, and the development of stronger bonds among Care Group members, with other community members, and with community leaders. Conclusion Through increased theoretical and practical knowledge about important maternal and child health matters and through the social experience of obtaining this knowledge and sharing it with other community members, participation in the Care Group Approach empowered participants to make positive health behavior changes for themselves and for their children and families. This, in turn, led many participants to become more engaged in community activities for improved health and beyond, thereby enhancing social capital in the community. We conclude that the Care Group Approach, as applied in this setting, has made it possible for marginalized indigenous women living in a male-dominated society to become more empowered.

On the use of AI-based tools like ChatGPT to support management research

Abstract: PurposeThe article discusses the current relevance of artificial intelligence (AI) in research and how AI improves various research methods. This article focuses on the practical case study of systematic literature reviews (SLRs) to provide a guideline for employing AI in the process.Design/methodology/approachResearchers no longer require technical skills to use AI in their research. The recent discussion about using Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT), a chatbot by OpenAI, has reached the academic world and fueled heated debates about the future of academic research. Nevertheless, as the saying goes, AI will not replace our job; a human being using AI will. This editorial aims to provide an overview of the current state of using AI in research, highlighting recent trends and developments in the field.FindingsThe main result is guidelines for the use of AI in the scientific research process. The guidelines were developed for the literature review case but the authors believe the instructions provided can be adjusted to many fields of research, including but not limited to quantitative research, data qualification, research on unstructured data, qualitative data and even on many support functions and repetitive tasks.Originality/valueAI already has the potential to make researchers’ work faster, more reliable and more convenient. The authors highlight the advantages and limitations of AI in the current time, which should be present in any research utilizing AI. Advantages include objectivity and repeatability in research processes that currently are subject to human error. The most substantial disadvantages lie in the architecture of current general-purpose models, which understanding is essential for using them in research. The authors will describe the most critical shortcomings without going into technical detail and suggest how to work with the shortcomings daily.

Marketing or methodology? Exposing the fallacies of PLS with simple demonstrations

Abstract: Purpose Over the past 20 years, partial least squares (PLS) has become a popular method in marketing research. At the same time, several methodological studies have demonstrated problems with the technique but have had little impact on its use in marketing research practice. This study aims to present some of these criticisms in a reader-friendly way for non-methodologists. Design/methodology/approach Key critiques of PLS are summarized and demonstrated using existing data sets in easily replicated ways. Recommendations are made for assessing whether PLS is a useful method for a given research problem. Findings PLS is fundamentally just a way of constructing scale scores for regression. PLS provides no clear benefits for marketing researchers and has disadvantages that are features of the original design and cannot be solved within the PLS framework itself. Unweighted sums of item scores provide a more robust way of creating scale scores. Research limitations/implications The findings strongly suggest that researchers abandon the use of PLS in typical marketing studies. Practical implications This paper provides concrete examples and techniques to practicing marketing and social science researchers regarding how to incorporate composites into their work, and how to make decisions regarding such. Originality/value This work presents a novel perspective on PLS critiques by showing how researchers can use their own data to assess whether PLS (or another composite method) can provide any advantage over simple sum scores. A composite equivalence index is introduced for this purpose.

A critical reflection on digitalization for the hospitality and tourism industry: value implications for stakeholders

Abstract: Purpose This study aims to critically review the emerging technological developments and digitalization efforts in the hospitality and tourism (HT) industry and discuss the implications of digitalization on various stakeholders (e.g. consumers, employees, companies and operators) with reference to value creation. Design/methodology/approach This paper is a conceptual, critical reflection paper. Thus, the study reflects the authors’ assessment and reflection of the current digitalization efforts in the HT industry with a particular interest in value creation. Findings The study suggests that digitalization is still in its infancy state in terms of adoption and value creation in the HT industry. Yet, there are various opportunities for all stakeholders to benefit from existing and emerging digitalization applications. Practical implications This study can be used by industry professionals and scholarly researchers as a reflection of past and current digitalization efforts in the HT industry. Moreover, the study offers directions regarding the future digitalization movement in the HT industry and how such a movement might create important value propositions for various stakeholders. Originality/value The study is uniquely positioned as a critical reflection paper on the digitalization effort of the HT industry and offers new practical insights regarding how digitalization could create value for industry stakeholders as it finds more application areas. In this regard, it differs from prior review studies that focused solely on the use of new and emerging technologies in HT operations.

Balancing Autonomy and Collaboration in Large-Scale and Disciplinary Diverse Teams for Successful Qualitative Research

Abstract: Large scale, multi-organisational collaborations between researchers from diverse disciplinary backgrounds are increasingly recognised as important to investigate and tackle complex real-world problems. However differing expectations, epistemologies, and preferences across these teams pose challenges to following best practice for ensuring high-quality and rigorous qualitative research, while maintaining goodwill and team cohesion across team members. This article presents critical reflections from the real-world experiences of a team navigating the challenges of collaborating on a large-scale, cross-disciplinary interview study. Based on these experiences, we extend the literature on large team qualitative collaboration by highlighting the importance of balancing autonomy and collaboration, and propose eight recommendations to support high quality research and team cohesion. We identify how this balance can be achieved at different times: when centralised decision-making should be prioritised, and autonomy can be allowed. We argue that prioritising time to develop shared understandings, build trust, and creating positive environments that accept and support differing researcher perspectives on qualitative methods is paramount. By exploring and reflecting on these differences, teams can identify how and when to support autonomy in decision-making, when to move forward collaboratively, and how to ensure that shared processes reflect the needs of the whole team. The reflexive findings, emanating from practical experience, can inform large research teams undertaking qualitative studies to explore complex issues. We make an original contribution to qualitative methods research by arguing that balancing autonomy and collaboration is the key to promoting high quality research and cohesion in large teams.

Developing Student Emotional Intelligence by Involving the Active Role of Teacher

Abstract: This research is specifically aimed at elementary school teachers who have a big role in the child's education process. Perfect education is of course visualized by balancing all abilities and potentials within the child. Researchers want educators to be able to consider taking a bigger role in instilling students' emotional intelligence. In this study, the method used is mixed methods, which means combining two forms of research that have existed before, namely quantitative and qualitative research. Qualitative research is research that is descriptive in nature and uses a lot of analysis with an inductive approach. The qualitative approach emphasizes meaning, definition of certain conditions, and examines matters relating to everyday life. The conclusion from this study is that teachers should be able to provide advice and provide examples of exemplary attitudes for students to emulate, such as by providing examples in daily actions. Give a simple parable but can be understood by students. By giving parables such as profit and loss, to teach students that what we do can bring good (profit) or actually bring bad (loss) and also gives other parables such as cause and effect, so that students understand that what they do will have an impact on them.

Reimagining teacher identity in the post-Covid-19 university: becoming digitally savvy, reflective in practice, collaborative, and relational

Abstract: ABSTRACT Objective Through the crisis of Covid-19 university teachers have been pushed into the realm of emergency remote teaching (ERT), familiar ways of living, working and being, brought unprecedented additional uncertainty and vulnerability to an already highly complex context. The purpose of this narrative review was to look at how these transformations affected teacher identity and the ways relationality shifted during this time. The intention was to bring relationality, care, collaboration, and excellent teaching possibilities, into the centre of our thinking. Whilst recognising the pandemic as a traumatic experience for many, it is a hopeful paper. Method An examination and thematic analysis of literature published from March 2020–November 2020 on ERT. Results The crisis and corresponding shift to teaching online demanded faculty to overcome their bias against online delivery, reimagine teaching, resulting in increased innovation and unexpected positive experiences which continue to rise. Conclusion Teachers already engaging with student-centred approaches, relational pedagogies, reflective practice, community networks, and/or digital technologies managed the transition to online teaching and learning more effectively. Future teacher training requires effective online education, how to design and deliver, how to collaborate, and how to make relational connections with others, and access to resources. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Teacher identity is complex and always changing where fluctuating valence forces a re-evaluation of one’s identity. Teachers experience tension between their “core” ideal teacher identity such as the care and commitment to students and their occasional identity as adapters to external factors. Covid-19 has resulted in a rapid change emergency remote teaching with additional uncertainty and vulnerability. What this topic adds: Skills that enabled teachers to adapt to the rapid shift to remote teaching more effectively were student-centred approaches, relational pedagogies, reflective practice, community networks and/or digital technologies. Teacher identity was reimagined through emergency remote teaching as they worked remotely. Suggestions for further teacher development and support to enhance teacher effectiveness when responding to change and working remotely include strategies to strengthen and maintain digital competence to ensure teachers identity and their core values are recognised.

Teacher's Strategy in Developing Practical Values of the 5th Pancasila Precepts in Thematic Learning in Elementary School

Abstract: Purpose of the study: This study aims to find out and describe the strategies that teachers can use to develop the practical value of the five Pancasila precepts in the thematic learning process for first grade students at elementary school 36/I Kilangan. Methodology: This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The samples in this study were school principals, teachers, and 2 low grade students at elementary school 36/I Kilangan. Collecting data in this study using observation sheets, interview guide instruments. in this study using the Miles and Huberman analysis technique. Main Findings: The teacher's strategy in instilling the practical values of Pancasila, especially the precepts "Social Justice for All Indonesian People" in thematic learning in class I elementary school 36/I Kilangan shows that the teacher has become a good role model for students, especially in applying a family attitude, balancing rights and obligations , as well as work hard. The teacher uses several strategies in its implementation. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this study is knowing the teacher's strategy in instilling the practical values of the Pancasila precept "Social Justice for All Indonesian People" in thematic learning at elementary school 36/I Kilangan. Teachers use character-based learning strategies such as the PAIKEM strategy, cooperative learning and inquiry, as well as various lectures to familiarize students with always reading and discussing.

Bridging Evaluation Theory and Practice: The Contributions of John Mayne to Canadian Federal Evaluation

Abstract: This paper provides a thematic review of Mayne’s contributions to Canadian federal evaluation in order to describe his influence on how the function has evolved over the past 40 years. Key themes explored in the paper include Mayne’s influence on the development of a results-based culture in federal departments and agencies, as well as his conceptual grounding of evaluation activities through theory-based evaluation approaches and, most notably, Contribution Analysis. We draw on government publications to link policy directions to Mayne’s work and we provide a prospective view on his continued influence on the function for years to come.

Researching with Qualitative Methodologies in the Time of Coronavirus: Clues and Challenges

Abstract: In late 2020 and the first semester of 2021, in Santiago de Chile, five women researchers who work with qualitative methodologies, based on their reflections on how the context of the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted on their doctoral research or their role as thesis advisors, conducted a reflective exploration of the conditions and challenges for qualitative research amid a global crisis. In this context, they convene once per week to explore how other researchers conduct and document their research processes, based on a purposive and thorough bibliographic exploration of qualitative studies on the pandemic and remote methods published in qualitative research journals. During these meetings, they reflect on and analyze the impacts and challenges of research in today’s world, identifying possibilities and challenges in the methodological and ethical domains. Thus, they organize the present paper around two axes: one on the effects of the pandemic on academic and research practices, in general terms, and another on the specific methodological challenges facing qualitative research during the pandemic. These challenges are largely caused by difficulties in accessing and recruiting participants; the conditions of participation, influenced by vulnerabilities or barriers that constitute factors of inequality; the data production strategies and methodologies used in virtual contexts; ethical considerations; and the effects of the pandemic context on quality and rigor criteria. The article concludes with reflections and questions on the meanings, underlying logic, and practices of qualitative research, which are interrogated and re-signified in light of the COVID-19 pandemic while also illuminating research in post-pandemic settings.

Game of algorithms: ChatGPT implications for the future of tourism education and research

Abstract: PurposeThe paper aims to evaluate the ways ChatGPT is going to disrupt tourism education and research.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper.FindingsChatGPT has the potential to revolutionize tourism education and research because it can do what students and researchers should do, namely, generate text (assignments and research papers). Universities will need to reevaluate their teaching and assessment strategies and incorporate generative language models in teaching. Publishers will need to be more receptive toward manuscripts that are partially generated by artificial intelligence. In the future, digital teachers and research assistants will take over many of the cognitive tasks of tourism educators and researchers.Originality/valueTo the authors’ best knowledge, this is one of the first academic papers that investigates the implications of ChatGPT to tourism education and research.

Facilitators to the integration of the first UK-educated physician associates into secondary care services in the NHS

Abstract: ABSTRACT The physician associate (PA) profession is relatively new to the British NHS. Little research has been conducted on the facilitators to integrating these new health professionals into a secondary care service. Thus, a grounded theory qualitative study was conducted. PAs who were educated in the UK and were the first PA in their secondary care service were interviewed, as well as doctors who were on the team when the PA started. Ten facilitators were identified, comprising three facilitator themes: PA involvement in role and skill development is crucial; having a champion for the PAs promotes integration; and principled behaviour by the PA allows the role to develop safely and effectively. Having a clearly defined role for the PA is the primary facilitating factor. This research identified approaches that both PAs and hospital trusts can implement to facilitate the introduction of PAs to secondary care services in the NHS.

The emotional well-being of Long COVID patients in relation to their symptoms, social support and stigmatization in social and health services: a qualitative study

Abstract: Abstract Background Long COVID patients have experienced a decline in their quality of life due to, in part but not wholly, its negative emotional impact. Some of the most prevalent mental health symptoms presented by long COVID patients are anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders. As such, the need has arisen to analyze the personal experiences of these patients to understand how they are managing their daily lives while dealing with the condition. The objective of this study is to increase understanding about the emotional well-being of people diagnosed with long COVID. Methods A qualitative design was created and carried out using 35 patients, with 17 participants being interviewed individually and 18 of them taking part in two focus groups. The participating patients were recruited in November and December 2021 from Primary Health Care (PHC) centers in the city of Zaragoza (Northern Spain) and from the Association of Long COVID Patients in Aragon. The study topics were emotional well-being, social support networks, and experience of discrimination. All an inductive thematic content analyses were performed iteratively using NVivo software. Results The Long COVID patients identified low levels of self-perceived well-being due to their persistent symptoms, as well as limitations in their daily lives that had been persistent for many months. Suicidal thoughts were also mentioned by several patients. They referred to anguish and anxiety about the future as well as a fear of reinfection or relapse and returning to work. Many of the participants reported that they have sought the help of a mental health professional. Most participants identified discriminatory situations in health care. Conclusions It is necessary to continue researching the impact that Long COVID has had on mental health, as well as to provide Primary Health Care professionals with evidence that can guide the emotional treatment of these patients

Trans broken arm syndrome: A mixed-methods exploration of gender-related medical misattribution and invasive questioning.

Abstract: Gender-related medical misattribution and invasive questioning (GRMMIQ), colloquially known as “trans broken arm syndrome,” is a form of medical discrimination faced by transgender and gender diverse (TGD) patients wherein a provider incorrectly assumes that a medical condition results from a patient's gender identity or medical transition. This phenomenon may take one of two forms: (1) the incorrect and explicit misattribution of gender identity or medical transition as being the cause of an acute complaint, or (2) invasive and unnecessary questions regarding a patient's gender identity or gender transition status. Using mixed-methods procedures, this study aims to explore the incidence, some common correlates, and manifestations of GRMMIQ. American TGD participants (N = 147), recruited through an online recruitment platform, completed questions assessing their experiences in the healthcare system including lifetime incidence of GRMMIQ, outness to healthcare providers, and additional experiences of gender-related discrimination in a medical setting. Participants who indicated experiences of GRMMIQ were asked open-ended questions about one such experience. Nearly one-third of participants reported experiencing GRMMIQ. Experiences were associated with outness to acute care providers and other types of gender-related discrimination in healthcare settings. Analysis of qualitative data revealed four primary themes: (1) assumptions of disordered thinking and being, (2) hyperfocus on aspects of medical transition, (3) cultural ignorance and incompetence, and (4) dismissiveness of the patient. Together, these results enhance the understanding of an underexplored aspect of medical discrimination faced by TGD individuals while highlighting commonalities across different experiences.

Hetero‐ and cisnormativity—UK pharmacy education as a queer opponent

Abstract: Queer pedagogy is a lens through which the hegemonic discourses of curricula and the heterosexual assumptions within them can be made visible. Using this lens, sexuality and gender norms incorporated in undergraduate medical and health curricula can be located and the lived experience of a curriculum examined. This paper seeks to determine the extent of hetero/cisnormativity within UK pharmacy education with the aim of problematising the normalisation of heterosexuality; following this, strategies to disrupt structured hetero/cisnormativity are considered.

Saturation in Qualitative Educational Technology Research

Abstract: Saturation is a key construct used by qualitative research theorists as a way to verify the rigor and validity of a study. This study intends to examine how saturation is used within qualitative educational technology studies that addressed saturation. We selected journals which (a) follow a peer review process; (b) are considered influential in their fields and of high quality, as reflected in being in Q1 (first quartile) or Q2 (second quartile) in Scopus; and (c) publish qualitative research. The number of journals selected for this study was 20, and we selected 3 articles from each. The methodology in the chosen articles was interview-based, and the articles were published in the journal in the 5 recent years 2018–2022 (i.e., a 5-year review period). The research results indicated that 20 out of 60 of the participating studies paid attention to the definition of saturation, 25 out of 60 participating studies paid attention to ‘why saturation was sought’, and 26 out of 60 participating studies paid attention to ‘when saturation was sought’. All the participating studies paid attention to ‘how was saturation assessed’. The most-mentioned expression to indicate the achievement of saturation was the emergence of new information, themes, categories, and codes, where most of the participating studies used expressions related to this aspect.

Training home visitors in mentalization-based practice: A qualitative case study of clinical supervision in mothering from the inside out.

Abstract: Attachment-based interventions are important for improving parent-child outcomes. These interventions must be scaled and made available to under-resourced communities. An important part of scaling these interventions is delineating and reproducing high-quality training, including clinical training which often requires the completion of a supervised case. However, descriptions and guidelines for clinical training are frequently broad or not available in the literature. A detailed description of clinical training could lead to further research to improve the effectiveness and dissemination of evidence-based interventions. Mothering from the Inside Out (MIO) is an attachment-based parenting intervention effective at reducing substance use and depression, improving caregiving, and enhancing child attachment. It is now being brought from research to community settings. This paper outlines the didactic and clinical training components of MIO. We then present a qualitative case study of one community-based counselor participating in the clinical training of MIO and employ qualitative methods to describe the main themes that arose during the training. We aim to illustrate how the trainer assisted the counselor in implementing the core components of MIO, which included (a) refining the language used in MIO sessions, (b) making space to explore mental states, and (c) addressing trauma. We conclude by presenting the implications of these findings.

Concealing Stuttering at School: “When You Can't Fix It…the Only Alternative Is to Hide It”

Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore experiences with concealing stuttering in children and young people who stutter based on recollections from adults. In addition, we explored how school-based speech therapists can be helpful or unhelpful to children who are concealing stuttering from the perspective of adults who stutter. Method: Thirty adults who stutter, who previously or currently conceal stuttering, participated in semistructured interviews exploring their early experiences with hiding stuttering. Purposeful and random sampling was used to diversify experiences and opinions. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to develop themes and subthemes to describe participants' experiences. Results: All participants in the study reported beginning to conceal stuttering at 18 years of age or younger, with more than two thirds sharing that they began in elementary school. Participants reported that exposure to implicit and explicit ableist messaging about stuttering and traumatic social experiences at school contributed to their inclination to hide disfluencies. Many participants described concealment as a strategy for protecting themselves from stigma. Several participants condemned fluency shaping, calling it harmful and likening it to teaching concealment. Participants believed that speech therapists could be helpful by promoting safe and supportive school environments and by being responsive to the social and emotional challenges that can accompany speaking differently and navigating stigma at school. Conclusions: Some children who stutter may attempt to protect themselves from stigma by concealing their disfluencies, but doing so can feel isolating and confusing. Speech therapists can play an important role in making the school environment safer and more supportive for children who stutter.

How do ESG practices create value for businesses? Research review and prospects

Abstract: Purpose The purpose of this paper is to clarify the impact mechanisms and weighting factors of environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices on corporate value through bibliometric analysis and core interpretation of existing literature, further explore whether and under what conditions ESG practices contribute to the corporate value creation, and provide an outlook on future research directions. Design/methodology/approach Bibliometric method is used to analyze literature co-citation, burst detection and keyword co-occurrence, and literature review method is used to condense important ideas from the existing literature. Findings Through the review, analysis and summary of the existing literature, this paper finds that the perspectives of risk, information and strategy reflect the key pathways through which ESG practices play a role in avoiding harm and creating value for companies directly or indirectly. Macro, meso and micro factors moderate the direction and extent of the impact. Moreover, considering the relationship between ESG performance and ESG disclosure is key to understanding some contradictory findings. Research limitations/implications The search terms limit the articles considered, and therefore, the research framework may be incomplete. Moreover, this article is primarily aimed at the research field and lacks guidance at the practical level. Practical implications This paper helps the academic community to deepen its understanding of ESG, moving beyond the question of whether ESG is linked to corporate value to further understand why and under what conditions ESG practices create value for firms. Social implications This paper has great practical significance in motivating companies to actively participate in ESG practices. Originality/value The theoretical framework in this paper reveals the black box between enterprise ESG practices and value creation, and clarifies the research boundary of “the relationship between ESG practices and value creation,” contributing to the future research in this field.

“That's frustrating”: Perceptions of ankle foot orthosis provision, use, and needs among people with cerebral palsy and caregivers

Abstract: Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) affects roughly 3 per 1000 births in the United States and is the most common pediatric developmental motor disability. Ankle foot orthoses (AFOs) are commonly prescribed to provide support and improve function for individuals with CP. Objectives: The study objective was to evaluate the lived experiences of individuals with CP and their caregivers regarding AFO access, use, and priorities. We examined experiences around the perceived purpose of AFOs, provision process, current barriers to use, and ideas for future AFO design. Study design: Secondary qualitative data analysis. Methods: Secondary data analysis was performed on semistructured focus groups that included 68 individuals with CP and 74 caregivers. Of the focus group participants, 66 mentioned AFOs (16 individuals with CP and 50 caregivers). Deidentified transcripts were analyzed using inductive coding, and the codes were consolidated into themes. Results: Four themes emerged: 1) AFO provision is a confusing and lengthy process, 2) participants want more information during AFO provision, 3) AFOs are uncomfortable and difficult to use, and 4) AFOs can benefit mobility and independence. Caregivers and individuals with CP recommended ideas such as 3D printing orthoses and education for caregivers on design choices to improve AFO design and provision. Conclusions: Individuals with CP and their caregivers found the AFO provision process frustrating but highlight that AFOs support mobility and participation. Further opportunities exist to support function and participation of people with CP by streamlining AFO provision processes, creating educational materials, and improving AFO design for comfort and ease of use.