Showing papers on "Salidroside published in 2006"

Anti-diabetes functionality of Kefir culture-mediated fermented soymilk supplemented with Rhodiola extracts

Abstract: Natural α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors from food-grade plants offer an attractive strategy to manage of postprandial hyperglycemia for Type II diabetes. Inhibition of Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme (ACE) is also considered useful as a therapeutic approach in the treatment of high blood pressure, one of the long-term complications of diabetes. In the current study, we evaluated the inhibitory activity of phenolic extracts produced during Kefir culture-mediated fermentation of soymilk supplemented with Rhodiola extracts against α-amylase, α-glucosidase and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). We also investigated phenolic-linked antioxidant activity and content of salidroside and tyrosol with fermentation time. α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity increased moderately with fermentation after 24 h and correlated to increased tyrosol and reduced salidroside contents. α-Amylase inhibitory activity decreased to zero with fermentation time, and the initial high activity prior to fermentation strongly corre...

Determination of gallic acid and salidroside in rhodiola and its preparation by capillary electrophoresis

Abstract: A new, simple, and rapid capillary electrophoresis (CE) method employing hexadimethrine bromide (HDB) as electroosmotic flow (EOF) modifier was developed for the identification and quantitative determination of two pharmaceutically active constituents—gallic acid (GA) and salidroside (S)—in extracts of Rhodiola root and its medicinal preparation. The optimum separation was achieved at pH 11.00 with the use of 10 mM borate buffer containing 0.001% (w/v) of HDB. The applied voltage was ∼15 kV and the capillary temperature was kept constant at 25°C. m-Phthalic acid was used as an internal standard for quantification. The calibration dependences exhibited good linearity for the ratios of the concentrations of standard samples and internal standard and the ratios of the peak area of samples and internal standard over the concentration range from 24 to 1200 μg/mL for GA and 2.4 to 72 μg/mL for S. The correlation coefficients were 0.9999 and 0.9997, and the detection limits of the CE method corresponding to a signal-to-noise ratio of three were 6 and 2 μg/mL for GA and S, respectively. The relative standard deviations of the relative migration time and the relative peak area of samples were 0.5 and 4.0% for GA and 1.9 and 5.3% for S. The effects of buffer pH and the concentration of HDB on the resolution were studied systematically. The contents of these two active compounds in Rhodiola root and its preparation were successfully determined over 6 min with satisfactory repeatability and recovery.

Determination of Five Pharmacologically Active Compounds Extracted from Rhodiola for Natural Product Drug Discovery with HPLC‐APCI‐MS

Abstract: A rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS) assay for the determination of five pharmacologically active compounds (PAC) extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine, Rhodiola , namely salidroside, tyrosol, rhodionin, gallic acid, and ethyl gallate has been developed. In this method, PAC could be baseline separated and detected with DAD at 275 nm. The validation of the method, including sensitivity, linearity, repeatability, and recovery, was examined. The linear calibration curves were acquired with correlation coefficient >0.999 and the limits of detection LOD (at a signal-to-noise ratio=3:1) were between 0.058 and 1.500 mu mol/L. It was found, that the amounts of PAC varied with different species of Rhodiola . The established method is rapid and reproducible for the separation of five natural pharmacologically active compounds from extracts of Rhodiola with satisfactory results.

Radioiodine-labeling of salidroside and its biodistribution in mice

Abstract: To investigate the preparation of radioiodinated salidroside and its cell uptake in SH-SY5Y and its biodis-tribution in mice, salidroside was labeled with 131I using the chloramine-T method and the radiolabeled compound was characterized by polyamide TLC, in which the substratum of Vtrichoromethane: Vmethanol: Vacetone: Vwater=6:3:1:1 was used as the developing agent. The uptake of 131I-salidroside in human neuroblast cells(SH-SY5Y) and mammary can-cer cells(MCF-7) was then measured and the biodistribution studies were carried out in KM mice. At different time(5, 10, 30, 60, 120, and 240 min) after radiopharmaceutical i.v. administration (1.85MBq 131I-salidroside /mouse), the animals were sacrificed (n=5 animals for each time). Blood and the interested tissues samples were collected, washed, weighted and counted. The percent injected dose per gram (%ID/g) was calculated for each sample. The labeling yield of 131I-salidroside was 98% and its RCPs were 98.5%, 97.3%, and 97.1% after 1, 4 and 20 days, respectively. In SH-SY5Y, 131I-salidroside uptake kept at a low level of around 0.035% from 0.5 to 4h, while in MCF-7 a slightly higher uptake of 0.1% was reached. Biodistribution in mice demonstrated that 131I-salidroside was metabolized mainly in liver and rapid elimination through kidney, in which the % ID/g were 7.71% and 11.31% at 5 min, 0.36% and 0.3% at 4h, respectively. Rapid clearance was also found in blood, 6.43% at 5 min and decreased to 0.35% at 4h. A little distribution appeared in brain with slower clearance, the %ID/g were 0.27% at 5 min and 0.11% at 4h. In heart, lung, spleen, muscle, bone, and intestines, there were little distributions. It is concluded that labeling yield of 131I-salidroside was high and the radioiodinated salidroside was stable, but its uptake in neuroblast was little.

[Determination of salidroside and p-tyrosol in Hongjingtian for injection(freezing-dry) by SPE-HPLC].

Abstract: Objective To assay salidroside and p-tyrosol in Hongjingtian for injection (freezing-dry). Method Samples were purified by Sep-Pak C18 column and salidroside and p-tyrosol were determined by HPLC with Irregular-H C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm), and eluted with a mobile phase of methanol-acenitonitrile -0.06% phosphate (10: 10:80). The flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1), the detection wavelength was set at 275 nm and the column temperature was maintained at 30 degrees C. Result The calibration curves were linear in the range of 2.24-22.4 microg for salidroside (0.999 7) and 0.856-8.56 microg for p-tyrosol (0.999 6), the average recovery was 101.3%, 99.8% respectively. Conclusion The method is convenient, rapid, accurate and reliable.

Determination of Contents of Salidroside and Tyrosol in Rhodiola Roots by HPLC

Abstract: A method for the determination of contents of salidroside and tyrosol in Rhodiola by HPLC was established.The HPLC separation was preformed on a KYA HIQ sil C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),at flow rate 1 mL/min,with mobile phase of acetonitrile/water(1∶9) and detected at wavelength 280 nm.Using uniform design,the optimal conditions for salidroside and tyrosol extraction were explored to be ultrasonically extracted by distilled water at(60℃) for 50 min.Contents of salidroside and(tyrosol) in Rhodiola roots were determined.Salidroside content was(2.147%), the highest in Rh.(sacra) from Tibet,then in Rh.crenulata and Rh.tibetica from Tibet,(1.763%) and(1.271%),respectively;tyrosol content was(0.2985%),the highest in Rh.crenulata from Sichuan,then in Rh.tibetica and Rh.crenulata from Tibet,(0.2143%) and(0.1836%),respectively;whereas both contents were very low in Rh.fastigiata and Rh.kirilowii from Sichuan with salidroside contents of only(0.034%) and(0.003%),and tyrosol contents of(0.0164%) and(0.0048%),respectively.

Simultaneous HPLC determination of salidroside and tyrosol in Rhodiola crenulata

Abstract: Objective:To determine salidroside and tyrosol in different species of Rhodiola from different areas. Methods:The chromatographic method was carried out on Kromasil C_(18)column(5μm,250 mm×4.6 mm)using acetonitrile-water(8:92)as the mobile phase;the detection wavelength was 220 nm and flow rate was 1 mL·min~(-1).Results:The linear ranges were 2.0-59.8μg·mL~(-1)for salidroside and 1.0-29.5μg·mL~(-1)for tyrosol respectively.The average recoveries(n=9)were 97.8% and 98.4%.Conclusions:The method is simple,accurate with good reproducibility.It can be used for the quality control of Rhodiola.

Salidroside promotes the expression of GDNF in the MPTP model of Parkinson's disease

Abstract: 目的 研究中药单体成分红景天甙(salidroside)对1-甲基-4-苯基-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶(MPTP)诱发的帕金森病(Parkinson disease,PD)小鼠模型的脑保护作用及其可能机制.方法 80只C57BL雄性小鼠,分为正常对照组、MPTP模型组、MPTP+红景天甙组(即干预组,分别用3 mg/kg、50mg/kg和150 mg/kg)及红景天甙对照组(分别用3 mg/kg、50 mg/kg和150 mg/kg),每组10只.应用免疫组化法观察黑质酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)阳性神经元数目变化,蛋白印迹法(Western blot)检测TH、胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(GDNF)、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)在纹状体中表达水平的变化.结果 在小鼠黑质部位,MPTP组TH阳性神经元数目明显少于正常对照组及干预组(P＜0.05).Westernblot结果显示,不同剂量干预组小鼠纹状体中的TH蛋白表达(相对灰度值)(0.8326±0.0930,0.9007±0.0104和1.1114±0.2013)较MPTP组的TH蛋白表达(0.5738±0.0114)明显增加(P＜0.05);干预组的GDNF蛋白表达(1.3503±0.0573)较MPTP组的蛋白表达(0.1485±0.0118)显著增加(P＜0.05);干预组的GFAP蛋白表达(2.4788±0.2093)与MPTP组(1.8431±0.1559)之间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但是干预组较正常对照组(1.3695±0.1174)明显增加(P＜0.05).结论 红景天甙可以拮抗MPTP诱导的PD模型小鼠黑质多巴胺能神经元的丢失,其神经保护作用可能与促进内源性GDNF分泌增加有关。

TLC studies on the active constituents of fructus ligustri lucidi and derivatives of the constituents

Abstract: Objective: To provide experiment data for the quality evaluation of fructus ligustri lucidi and the application of its active constituents,in order to give comprehensive control of the quality of the crude drug and to study the active(monomers) deeplyMethods:TLC separation was studied on salidroside and its active derivatives with various solvents from ethanol extract of the crude drugResults:Optimum TLC systems of fructus ligustri lucidi were: silica Gel(G),cyclohexane-AcOEt-CH_(3)COOH(5∶2∶1) and AcOEt-MeOH-HCOOH(8∶1∶1)for the chloroform extract and ethyl acetate extract,respectively,AcOEt-MeOH-CH_(3)COOH(8∶1∶1)for salidroside and its derivatives,10% H_(2)SO_(4) ethanol solution as developerConclusion:The TLC systems can be used to isolate and identify salidroside derivatives and the active constituents,which are either lipid-soluble or weak lipid-soluble,from fructus ligustri lucidi

[Study on the extraction process for salidroside and p-tyrosol in Rhodiola crenulata].

Abstract: Objective To investigate the optimum ethanol extraction process conditions for salidroside and p-tyrosol from Rhodiola crenulata Methods The extraction rate of ethanol extract and content of salidroside and p-tyrosol were chosen as the assessment index by using the orthogonal design The ethanol content (%), solvent quantum (fold) and extracting time (hour) were reviewed Results The optimum ethanol extraction process conditions were as follows: adding 6 fold of 80% ethanol, extracting for 2h and 2 times Conclusion The optimum extraction process can give a reference to the research of new medicine and production of industry

Reverse effects of salidroside on expression of c-myc in SMMC-7721 cell line in vitro

Abstract: Objective:To study the reverse effects of salidroside on expression of c-myc in SMMC-7721 cell lineMethods: The cultured SMMC-7721 cell lines were pre-treated by different dosages of salidroside in vitro and then the level of expression of c-myc was determined with immunohistochemistryResults: All of three dosage(05 mg/ml,10 mg/ml and 15 mg/ml) of salidroside could inhibited the expression of c-myc in SMMC-7721 cell lines and inhibited rates were 88%,216% and 398%,respectivelyThere was a positive dosage-dependent relationshipConclusion: Salidroside is of reverse effects on expression of c-cym in SMMC-7721 cell lines,which indicates that it may induce differentiation of hepatoma carcinoma cell in vitro

Enhancing the biotransformation rate of rhodiola rosea callus cultures

Abstract: Rhodiola rosea (rose root) is an adaptogenic medicinal plant mainly used in Asia, Scandinavia and Eastern Europe. The pharmaceutically important compounds -a phenol glycoside salidroside, and cinnamyl alcohol glycosides rosin, rosavin and rosarin - are accumulated in the rhizome. Field cultivation of this plant takes several years to obtain satisfactory content of the active compounds. An alternative source of these compounds is the production in cell cultures. Compact callus aggregate (CCA) cultures of Rhodiola rosea were established. We found that no secondary compounds are produced in callus. We report here that the stimulation of the production of cinnamyl alcohol glycosides is possible by biotransformation of cinnamyl alcohol. Besides rosin and rosavin we found four new, unexpected compounds, which were identified and named 337, 481, 483 and 321 after their the m/z-ratio of the sodium adducts (M+Na = M+23) of the compounds, i.e. their molecular peaks seen in MS-spectra. We also investigated the possibility of further increasing the yield of the biotransformation products. When also glucose was added to the media the production of the investigated secondary metabolites (rosin, 337, 481, 483, 321) was doubled. Rosavin was not produced at all when only sucrose was used in the media. The formation of the compounds was followed by daily sampling. The accumulation of rosin and compound 321 was similar, increasing in the first days and than staying around one level, while compounds 481, 483 and 337 were increasing continuously. Rosavin reached its maximum on the ninth day, and than it decreased.

Inhibitions of salidroside on the Abeta_(25-35)--induced apoptosis by FRET in living PC12 cells

Abstract: To investigate the inhibitions of salidroside on the apoptosis induced by Abeta_(25-35) in PC12 cells,cell survival was analyzed with cell counting Kit-8(CCK-8),cell morphology was observed by optical microscope,nuclear condensation was shown by Hoechst staining,the dynamics of caspase-3 and caspase-8 activation in single living cell were monitored by fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET) respectively.The results showed that salidroside elevated the cell survival by inhibiting the Abeta_(25-35)-induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner, and that salidroside greatly inhibited the caspase-3 activation. Furthermore, the apoptosis induced by Abeta_(25-35) was independent of the caspase-8 activation. In conclusion, these data indicate that salidroside can protect the PC12 cells from Abeta_(25-35)-induced apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of caspase-3

Salidroside promotes the expression of GDNF in the MPTP model of Paridnson's disease

Abstract: Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effects of salidroside on dopaminergic neurons of Parkinsonian mouse model induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Methods The C57BL mice were divided into 4 groups; MPTP group, MPTP + salidroside group, saline control group and salidroside control group. The number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive cells in the substantia nigra was measured by immunohistochemistry. The expression of TH, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (CDNF) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (CFAP) was detected by Western blot Results The number of TH positive cells in substantia nigra was significantly reduced in MPTP group than that in MPTP + salidroside and saline control groups ( P 0. 05). The expression of TH proteins was obviously increased in MPTP + salidroside group at different doses of salidroside ( relative grey scale being 0.8326±0.0930, 0.9007±0.0104 and 1.1114±0.2013 respectively) than that in MPTP group (0. 5738±0. 0114, P 0. 05 ) . The expression of GDNF proteins was markedly increased in MPTP + salidroside group ( 1. 3503±0. 0573 ) than that in MPTP group (0. 1485±0.0118, P 0. 05 ) . No statistically significant difference of GFAP proteins was noted between the MPTP group and MPTP + salidroside group (P 0. 05), but the expression of GFAP proteins was remarkably elevated in MPTP + salidroside group than that in saline control group (1. 369S±0. 1174.P 0. 05). Conclusions Salidroside could partially block the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the parkinsonian mouse model induced by MPTP. The mechanism of neuroprotective effect may be related to the elevated secretion of endogenous GDNF.