Showing papers on "Solenoid published in 1975"

Micro pump powered by piezoelectric disk benders

Abstract: The pump has a piezoelectric variable volume chamber and a solenoid controlled valve operated in sequence to pump small volumes of liquid. The sequence is produced by developing a phase difference between the control of the piezoelectrical chamber and the solenoid valve.

Solenoid controlled cold head for a cryogenic cooler

Abstract: A solenoid control means for controlling the movement of a regenerator-diacer in a cryogenic cooler. The control means comprises sensing and power switching means for activating solenoids that assist in moving or restraining the movement of the regenerator-displacer in synchronism with pressure waves from a compressor.

Drive arrangement for rotary shredding apparatus

Abstract: A rotary shredder for waste materials has a pair of counterrotating cutting shafts, each of which mounts a series of spaced-apart disc-type cutters. The cutters on one shaft extend into the spaces between cutters on the other shaft so that the cutters on the two shafts coact to shred material fed therebetween. The two shafts are driven by a reversible radial piston hydraulic motor through a gear train arranged to rotate one cutter shaft at twice the speed of the other. The hydraulic motor is driven by an electric motor-driven fixed or variable displacement pump. A flow-reversing valve in the hydraulic motor control circuit controls the direction of fluid flow through the hydraulic motor. The reversing valve is electrically actuated automatically by a fluid pressure-operated switch to reverse flow and the direction of rotation of the cutters to prevent jamming whenever fluid pressure in the motor circuit rises to an abnormally high level. Upon detecting high pressure, the switch energizes a time delay relay which closes a relay contact to energize a solenoid which actuates the flow-reversing valve for a predetermined time period, after which the valve shifts to its normal position to operate the hydraulic motor in its normal directional mode to resume shredding.

Controls for four-forward-speed automatic transmissions

Abstract: Controls for automatic transmissions of the four-forward-speed type having two shift valves equipped with solenoid valves in a hydraulic system, and a manual valve for changing over the fluid passages or lines in the reverse and forward speed regions. The automatically controlled shift positions in the first to fourth speed ranges in the forward speed region and the shift positions to be assumed by restricting the shift range by manual operation are attained by means of the two solenoid valves in response to signals from an electric control system.

Power control device

Abstract: A hot gas engine uses inexpensive digital solenoid type control valves to govern engine output as a function of the amount of working gas. Electrical control signals are obtained by comparing a generator voltage derived from engine speed with a control voltage to develop a set of control signals including pulse width modulated pulses which are open over a duty cycle which produces the effect of analog solenoid valve control.

Electrohydraulic proportional actuator apparatus

Abstract: An electrohydraulic proportional actuator for converting an electrical input signal to proportional mechanical output. Fluid power may be derived from pressurized fuel or lubricating oil of an associated engine. The actuator may be used to drive any engine function requiring modulated control. The mechanical output is proportional to the electrical input. The actuator includes mechanical feedback to linearize the response function, thus eliminating the need for closed loop operation of the system in which the actuator is used. Both linear and rotary actuators are disclosed in various embodiments. Each type is capable of operation with either a proportional solenoid and valve or a force rebalance solenoid and valve.

CO2 laser heating of plasma columns in a steady solenoid field

Abstract: A 250−J CO2 laser has been used to produce plasma columns 12−20 cm in length, 2−4 mm in diameter, from initially uniform neutral hydrogen in a steady solenoidal field up to 100 kG. Interferometric and spectroscopic measurements indicate densities and temperatures on the order of 100 eV and 5×1017 cm−3, respectively. The backward−going laser−driven wave normally present in laser breakdown has been eliminated by pulsed filling of the tube.

Pressure control valve

Abstract: A differential pressure control valve is solenoid operated on a controlled duty cycle to alternately open and close a pair of inlets to establish a desired outlet pressure. The valve member acts as a solenoid armature. It is of sandwich construction with a magnetically soft center section and a thin, wear-resistant, nonmagnetic coating on one or both sides. The nonmagnetic coatings or layers are disclosed as being made of a nonmagnetic stainless steel, while the center section is disclosed as being made of a low carbon steel having a low magnetic remanence or residual magnetization. Valve life is increased due to the wear resistance of the stainless steel, and the nonmagnetic characteristic of the stainless steel layer adjacent the field plate avoids erratic retention of the valve member against the solenoid core and field plate. The arrangement is such that the magnetic forces across the valve member during solenoid energization act in parallel.

Two stage solenoid actuated valve, system, and method of actuation

Abstract: A two stage solenoid actuated valve and method of actuation within a predetermined time interval. The valve provides fluid flow having a predetermined flow profile for displacement of a mass through a particular distance with a minimization of shock applied to the mass. The valve has a first and second stage in fluid communication each with the other. The first stage includes a solenoid valve and associated plug member for opening or closing flow through the first stage. The second stage includes a plug member having a predetermined contour head insertable within an orifice whose movement is responsive to the flow state of the first stage.

Directional control valve

Abstract: A solenoid operated 3-way, 2-position directional control valve for use in an antiskid regulation system includes an armature controlled by a solenoid and is firmly connected to a valve spool movable in a bore. The valve spool enables an outlet port to wheel brake cylinders to communicate with a fluid source (master cylinder) or a reservoir. The valve spool is actuated by the pressure at the outlet port in the direction of the solenoid and in opposite direction by the pressure of the fluid source such that the valve spool assumes an intermediate equilibrium position between its two normally open and normally closed positions. In this equilibrium position the outlet port is blocked from both the fluid source and reservoir.

Pilot-controlled electromagnetic valve

Abstract: A pilot-controlled electromagnetic valve having a pilot valve mounted on a member which is supported movably relative to a solenoid plunger and a main valve and connected to the plunger through a spring such that a pilot orifice is opened when the plunger approaches a fixed core of the solenoid undergoing a stronger magnetic pull.

Automatically engaged emergency parking brake

Abstract: A control system for a vehicle parking brake-actuator which releases the brake when subjected to fluid under pressure and which automatically sets the brake by spring force when the fluid pressure is relieved therefrom, the actuator being controlled by a valve which blocks or allows the relief of fluid pressure from the brake-actuator. The control system includes a solenoid for moving the valve to pressure-blocking position, a spring for moving the valve to pressure-relieving position when the solenoid is de-energized, and includes an electrical circuit for de-energizing the solenoid and causing an automatic setting of the brake if the vehicle engine is stopped or if there is a loss of oil pressure or electrical power. The brake can also be set by the operator when the engine is running.

Laser heating of a plasma in a solenoidal magnetic field

Abstract: A model representing the laser heating of a plasma in a straight solenoid magnetic field has been analyzed. The model incorporates an idealized plasma cross section, but otherwise appears to very accurately represent the real problem. The difficulty of unequal electron and ion temperatures is averted by considering only the equilibrium limit. The frozen ion limit is examined briefly and found to differ from this only by factors generally near one. The complicated exact solution of the model is approximated to good accuracy by simple expressions.

Laser-beam propagation in a long solenoid

Abstract: An analysis of the propagation of a laser beam in a cylindrical magnetically confined plasma with parabolic density profile is presented. The normal modes which are self-trapped are given. It is found that the largest mode that can be trapped by the plasma is given by (1/2) where R0 is the radius of the plasma column and w is the fundamental mode width. It is found that all the trapped modes in a finite plasma can easily propagate distances of the order of one kilometer. An exact solution for the amplitude of the electric field for an incident Gaussian beam has been obtained. The solution exhibits alternate focusing and de-focusing of the beam. The effect of this on the plasma heating is discussed.

Impact matrix print head solenoid assembly

Abstract: A dot matrix impact print head uses a combination of cooperating forces produced by a deflected spring and dual electromagnetic fields to increase the striking force of a printing wire or needle element without adversely affecting operating frequency capabilities.

Alternating current solenoids

Abstract: A linear acting solenoid directed to energy conservation. The disclosure combines plural elements usable singly or in combination to enable in aggregate a low cost assembly, yielding values of pull-force per watt of input exceeding ten ounces. Size, cost, and temperature rise are reduced, and shading rings are avoided. Novel elements include a composite phase-splitting core, and a unitary magnetic shell forming an efficient divided-path magnetic circuit, the flux therethrough being confluent through armature and core. In valve or other fluid-barrier uses, a thin ferrous armature housing enables pull values exceeding three ounces per watt of input.

Switching system for solenoid reciprocator

Abstract: A switching system for a solenoid reciprocator motor of a type which has a piston arranged to reciprocate into and out of a solenoid. The switch is an SCR rectifier and the trigger lead to close the switch is pulsed by a commutator operating in unison with the movement of the solenoid or a shaft rotated by the solenoid. The energizing cycle when the SCR switch is closed is terminated by a disconnect lead which is pulsed responsive to a subsequent contact of the circuit by the commutator. A preferred mode of pulsing the disconnect circuit is to associate the disconnect circuit with another solenoid of the motor whereby the first solenoid is turned off when the other solenoid is turned on by the commutator.

Electrically operated stapling device

Abstract: OF THE DISCLOSURE An electrically operated stapling device is disclosed. Staples are driven into the article to be stapled by a staple driver blade which is powered by a current actuated solenoid. In the preferred embodiment, the solenoid is provided with a plurality of pulses which are derived from alternate half-cycles of an AC power source which powers the stapling device. The circuit produces two pulses by defining a window in each of the successive output cycles of the power source. The current then initiates the generation of an enabling signal which lasts for a predetermined period of time which begins during the window. During this period ot time, alternate half-cycles of the power source are coupled to the solenoid, thereby causing the driver blade to drive the staple into the article to be stapled.

Solenoid control system with cusp detector

Abstract: A solenoid control system wherein the duration of actuation of a solenoid is a function of the workload imposed thereon so that the current to the solenoid is always turned off as soon as the solenoid plunger or armature is seated. Solenoid control logic responds to an external demand for the energization of the solenoid and enables a solenoid drive circuit which supplies current to the solenoid coil. The level of current builds in the solenoid coil until the solenoid plunger or armature is pulled in. The current continues to build as the solenoid plunger or armature is drawn in until that point at which the reluctance of the magnetic circuit is changing faster than the current in the solenoid coil is able to build. From this point until the solenoid plunger is seated, the current drops. As soon as seating has occurred, the reluctance ceases to change and the current once again begins to build in the solenoid coil. The change in reluctance and the termination of that change is represented by a cusp in the waveform of the current through the solenoid coil. A broad band cusp detector senses the point at which this change in reluctance ceases (i.e., when the solenoid plunger or armature seats) and generates a pulse which is supplied to solenoid control logic causing it to disable the solenoid drive circuit and turn off or reduce the current to the solenoid coil. The solenoid control logic further insures that the solenoid drive circuit is disabled in the event that the cusp-indicative pulse does not occur within a predetermined interval of time so as to conserve energy and protect the solenoid and associated circuitry.

Control system for domestic gas oven burners

Abstract: An oven burner control system having a manual rotary valve controlling gas flow to main and pilot burners and a solenoid operated valve controlling flow to the main burner, control circuit means embodying spark ignition means to ignite the pilot, means responsive to conduction through pilot flame to cut off spark ignition and permit operation of the solenoid valve, and variable resistance means responsive to oven temperature effecting cyclic operation of the solenoid valve. A control knob rotating with the manual valve varies the control point of said temperature variable resistance means and actuates a line switch to connect and disconnect the control circuit with a power source.

Electromagnetic 3-way valve arrangement

Abstract: An electromagnetic 3-way valve arrangement having two valves, each controlled by a separate armature of a single coil solenoid, is described. The top end of each armature has a self-aligning closing element, and the two armatures are held apart by springs acting against an intermediate member, which also contains the valve seat for the lower armature. When deenergized, these springs act against the armatures to close the upper valve and open the lower valve. When the solenoid coil is partially energized, it moves the lower armature upward to close the lower valve also. When the solenoid coil is fully energized, it moves the upper armature downward to open the upper valve. If desired, the armature can be disposed within the solenoid so that the upper armature is operated at partial energization, and the lower armature at full energization of the solenoid coil.

Fatigue test apparatus

Abstract: Four tensional test stations are mounted on a rectangular support frame m up of four channels Each test station comprises an air cylinder attached to the frame and having a tensioning piston connected to a first specimen holder, a second specimen holder attached to the frame, a solenoid valve connected to each air cylinder, and a test terminate switch closed by the piston and first specimen holder Current pulses are applied intermittently to each of the four stations by a motor-driven timer switch comprising a fixed contact plate, four spring contacts and a drive shaft having four shaped insulated cams engageable with the four spring contacts to move them into contact with the contact plate in a desired sequence An electrical elapsed-time indicator is connected in parallel with the solenoid valve and timer switch contacts and in series with the test terminate switch, in each station Compressed air is supplied from a source through a pressure regulator and a manifold to the inlets of the four solenoid valves The support frame is partly enclosed by a box cover

Apparatus for dispensing water at different temperatures

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for selectively dispensing heated water, cooled water, or water at ambient temperature. Water under pressure is supplied to a refrigerated reservoir by a water supply pipe having a solenoid operated valve therein. An ambient dispensing valve and a heated water tank having a dispensing valve are each in communication with said water supply pipe at a location between said valve and reservoir.

Alignment means for a moveable pole-plunger assembly

Abstract: A solenoid for operating various devices, such as a reversing valve, and which includes a C-frame having a first non-magnetic bushing mounted in the bight portion of the C-frame. A coil assembly is removably mounted in the C-frame and is retained therein by a flux plate which is snapped in place between the outer ends of the legs of the C-frame and retained by a friction fit. The coil assembly is provided with retainer members that seat in retainer notches in the C-frame bight portion and the flux plate, for retaining the coil assembly against movement. A cylindrical, non-magnetic core guide is mounted axially through the coil assembly and has slidably mounted therein a solenoid plunger and a pole piece. A second non-magnetic bushing is mounted in the flux plate. The solenoid plunger has a reduced diameter outer end which is slidably mounted in the first bushing, and the pole piece has a reduced diameter outer end which is slidably mounted through the second bushing. A close tolerance is maintained between the inner diameter of the core guide and the outer diameters of the solenoid plunger and the pole piece, while a large tolerance is provided between the coil assembly and the core guide to permit the combination or assembly of the core guide, the solenoid plunger and the pole piece to float within the coil assembly. An operating shaft is slidably mounted through the pole piece and engages the inner end of the solenoid plunger. A spring has one end operatively mounted against the outer face of the flux plate and the other end attached to the pole piece for normally biasing the floating pole piece into an initial position.

Constant force solenoid

Abstract: A solenoid in which the coil is positioned inside a housing of magnetic material. The housing has a tubular projection forming a recess in the inside of the end wall along the axis of the coil, one end of the plunger projecting beyond the coil into the recess when the plunger is in the energized position. The portion of the plunger that extends into the recess is tapered to obtain a constant force-displacement characteristic for the full travel of the plunger.

Sway stabilizer for trailing vehicles

Abstract: A sway stabilizer for trailing vehicles which comprises a camming assembly to be attached to the towing vehicle and a tensioned lever assembly which is to be attached to the trailing vehicle and which cooperates with the camming assembly. There is also provided an additional embodiment having solenoid actuated means which cooperate with the camming assembly to limit the angle which can be made between the axis of the trailing vehicle and the towing vehicle to prevent jack-knifing of the trailing vehicle.

Control switch relay and control circuit means

Abstract: A control switch has a switch shaft mounted for reciprocal rotational movement about its axis. A cam profile is fixed to the shaft and has first and second opposed cam surfaces. A driver is mounted to selectively engage the first or second cam surface to drive the switch shaft into a first clockwise position or a second counterclockwise position by remote actuation. The driver is connected to a rotary solenoid which allows uni-directional drive translated into two directional drive by the driver. A control circuit provides rapid actuation and slow release of the rotary solenoid along with operation of a linear solenoid when desired to select between first and second directional movement of the cam profile. The control circuit permits charging a capacitor while rapidly actuating a relay to actuate the rotary solenoid. A resistor provides for slow discharge of the capacitor to maintain the relay actuated over a slow release period after disruption of the charging circuit. A linear solenoid is interconnected with the charging circuit to enable selective actuation of the linear solenoid when desired to switch directional movement of the cam profile.

Multifilamentary niobium tin solenoids

Abstract: This paper describes the construction and performance of several small solenoids wound from filamentary composite wires produced by A.E.R.E., Harwell, U.K. The Nb 3 Sn is formed in the wire after winding by a high temperature treatment. The maximum field obtained was 12.2 Tesla, produced by placing a 9.9 Tesla Nb 3 Sn solenoid in the backing field of a 6.5 Tesla Nb-Ti solenoid. The working current densities are substantially greater than those obtained with Nb-Ti.

Differential switch for detecting leaks

Abstract: A flapper is provided in the inlet and outlet lines to a domestic hot water heater or the like and a permanent magnet is affixed to the bottom portion of each of the flappers. Immediately adjacent each flapper and outside of the pipe, a magnetically operated switch is placed. The magnetically operated switches are connected in circuit with a relay which in turn controls a solenoid valve for cutting off or permitting the entry of water from the source into the inlet pipe. Under normal operating conditions when there is a flow of water in the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe the connection of the magnetically operated switches is such that the relay will not operate and the solenoid actuated valve will be open permitting the entry of water from the source. When a leak occurs, the ensuing movement of the flappers caused by the change in liquid flow will operate their associated magnetic switches, causing the relay to be actuated and closing the solenoid actuated valve, thus cutting off the supply of water. A thermal time delay switch is incorporated in the circuit to prevent the actuation of the magnetic switches in response to "water hammer" or the like.

System for preventing drive train start of a motor vehicle internal combustion engine

Abstract: A solenoid operated valve is installed in the fuel supply line of an internal combustion engine and is effective to interrupt the flow of fuel to the engine while the operating solenoid thereof is energized. A normally closed contact pair of an electrical relay which is energized when the engine is in the normal cranking mode is connected in series in the energizing circuit of the operating solenoid of the solenoid operated valve. A holding circuit for the operating coil of the relay is provided and includes at least a normally open contact pair of the relay and circuitry responsive to the operating mode of the engine effective to interrupt the holding circuit while the engine is in the not running mode.