Showing papers on "Telecom infrastructure sharing published in 2012"

The Transformational Use of Information and Communication Technologies in Africa

Abstract: This new flagship report for the eTransform Africa Project, produced by the World Bank and the African Development Bank, with the support of the African Union, identifies best practice in the use of Information and communication technologies (ICTs) in key sectors of the African economy. Under the theme transformation-ready, the growing contribution of ICTs to agriculture, climate change adaptation, education, financial services, government services, and health is explored. In addition, the report highlights the role of ICTs in enhancing African regional trade and integration as well as the need to build a competitive ICT industry to boost innovation, job creation, and the export potential of African companies.

The Impact of Broadband Infrastructure on Economic Growth in Some Arab and Emerging Countries

Abstract: Infrastructure investments expansion typically adds to the productive capacity in an economy, and thus to its economic growth. Network industries account for between one–tenth and onequarter of economy wide investments (OECD 2009 B). Telecom industry is one of the network industries, and broadband is a new technology that is widely used all over the world. It is the popular mode of access to the internet, as it refers to high speed internet access. This study aims at examining the impact of broadband infrastructure on economic growth in emerging countries and Arab countries. In addition, the impact of competition in telecom sector has been included in the growth equation estimated to control for the effect of competition in telecom sector, and thus broadband, on the economic growth in these countries. The empirical study reaches a conclusion in line with previous studies that there is a positive impact of broadband uptake on economic growth. In addition, the contribution of this paper is also in the construction of the competition index which was statistically insignificant, but became significant once we controlled for FDI as a percent of GDP. Thus, governments should create an enabling environment and open their markets for more competition in order to induce the establishments of more broadband and telecom networks in their respective countries.

An analysis of Factors Influencing the Telecommunication Industry Growth : A case study of China and India

Abstract: The Telecommunications industry today is a key enabler of productivity across economies and societies. The Telecom industry is not only a significant contributor towards the economic activities of ...

Public private partnerships and next generation networks

Abstract: This section discusses the possible role of Public Private Partnership (PPP) in the development of infrastructure for Next Generation Networks. The focus is on the developing countries perspective. Case studies describe the African approach in using PPP to fund telecom infrastructure development in rural areas.

Analysis of Consumer Perception towards Telecommunication Services

Abstract: The use of Telecommunication services has been strikingly increased in recent decade. Hence it has become crucial to investigate the reasons behind telecom usage patterns and understand factors playing an important role for perception of telecom services. These investigations are important for both consumers and telecommunication service provider in order to build a strong relationship towards better delivery of telecom services which may result in satisfied customer. The developed model of this research is consisting of five variables which have a lot of impact on perception of consumer towards adoption of telecom services. The results of this research have numbers of practical applications both for marketer and telecom service consumer.

The Sachet Telecom Architecture for Off Grid Locations: An Indian Case Study

Abstract: In the light of past attempts to provide universal access to telephony and data connectivity, this paper outlines a new telecom architecture tailored to the needs of rural areas, the Sachet Telecom technology. It presents an economic model for an Indian state, Rajasthan, showing the Sachet Telecom architecture, besides empowering local entrepreneurs, scores over the conventional approach in commercial and environmental terms. The approach has the potential to be replicated for rural voice and data connectivity in energy starved regions across the world and can act as a bridge to prepare the population for the coming of fibre networks.

Exploiting Rich Telecom Data for Increased Monetization of Telecom Application Stores

Abstract: With rapid advancement in the capabilities of mobile phones, there has been a tremendous increase in the development and use of mobile applications in recent times. Surprisingly, Telecom operators have not been prominent players in the success of mobile applications and the corresponding mobile Application Stores. We argue that, to offset this going forward, Telecom operators can utilize some of their core strengths to create differentiated Application Stores that will help them compete effectively with their competitors. More specifically, Telecom operators have access to unique data which is not available elsewhere, this can be used to give new insights on their customers and offer them relevant mobile applications. In this paper, we present techniques on how applications can be promoted effectively from a Telecom Application Store utilizing the users' location, their Telecom profiles as well as their social relationships derived from their calling patterns. Moreover, we provide a bidding platform that gives control to developers for highlighting their application by placing bids on multiple Telecom parameters.

Customer Satisfaction with Network Performance of BSNL and AIRTEL Operating In Gwalior Division (M.P.)

Abstract: In the today's competitive world communication plays a very important role. Communication has become an integral part of the growth, success and efficiency of any business. This is the technology that gives a person the power to communicate anytime, anywhere. Due to advancement in technology, now communication becomes easy and faster. In this research paper, special emphasis has been laid over the comparative analysis of telecom companies AIRTEL and BSNL by using primary sources of data in Gwalior division of madhyapradesh . For the completion of efficient research work, descriptive and exploratory research design has been used which further conclude that BSNL is having weak Network performance as compared to Airtel . Trends of previous 5 years in Gwalior division have shown that BSNL Company has slowly deteriorated its I. Introduction: The telecom sector reforms were undertaken in three phases. The first phase began in the 80's, when private manufacturing of customer promise equipment was given a go-ahead in 1984. A proliferation of individual STD/ISD/PCO network also took place throughout the country by way of private individual franchises. Maharashtra Telephone Nigam (MTNL) was created out of the department of telecommunication (DOT) to handle the sectors of Mumbai and Delhi respectively. A high powered telecom commission was set up in 1989. Later Videsh Sanchar Nigam (VSNL) became the international service provider catering to telecom services originating from India. The second phase of reforms commenced in 1991 with the announcement of new economic policy. The government delivered the manufacturer of telecom equipment in 1991. It also ahead up radio services in 1992. In 1994, basic telephony was opened to the private sector by granting operating licenses to six companies. Also part of the second phase was the introduction of the National Telecom Policy 1994. It emphasized universal service and qualitative improvement in telecom services among other objectives. An independent statutory regulatory was established in 1997, Internet services were opened up in 1998. The third phase & reforms began with the announcement of the new telecom policy in 1999. The theme of NTP was to usher in full competition through a restricted entry of private players in all service sectors. The policy favored the migration of existing operators from the era of fixed license fee regime to that of revenue sharing. The policy further declined the strengthen of the regulator opening up of international long distance (ILD) and National Long Distance (NLD) services to the private sector and corporation of telecom services. The year 2001 witnessed the entry of private operators in offering basic telephony and NLD services. The telecom sector began witnessing a trend of growth with these reforms basic services were opened for unlimited competition more licenses were issued to the private sector for cellular services. There has also been a considerable increase in the rate of tale density. The telecom sector has thus completely changed both in terms of coverage and efficiency of services. Provision of landlines a demand, digital telephone, exchanges and the acceptability of optic fiber and wireless technology are a few instances of the change that took instances of the change that took place in the industry. Cellular telephone services have achieved great commercial success; because users recognize the mobile telephone access can improve productivity and enhance safety. A new subscriber is opting for cellular services for personal security, safety and convenience. Increase in demand and the poor quality of existing telecommunications landline services. Mobile service providers will be benefited from the research, the ways to improve their quality of service and to support more users in their system. The present study has been made to identity the customer's attitude towards cell phones ,telephones,broadband services of BSNL and AIRTEL in Gwalior Division. Many private operators have entered in to the cellular segment to provide services. It has brought heavy competition in to the market. They have to find out the customers attitudes towards this service which could be useful to formulate new strategies policy and market their services in a better way.

The Regulator and the Regulated: An Examination of the Legal Framework for Telecommunication in Nigeria

Abstract: The prime objective of any technological revolution is to improve the quality of human life. This can be achieved by successfully assimilating these technological innovations into human society. Technological development in the information and communication technology has found its way into modern human societies for good. However in order to take the full advantage and benefits of this system there is the need to put in place a comprehensive legal and regulatory framework to engender the growth and development of the industry.This paper sets out to examine the legal and regulatory framework surrounding the business of telecom industry in Nigeria. It particularly scrutinizes the provision of the law establishing the National regulator vis a vis the service providers and the consumers of this telecom services. Such laws as the company Act, Nigeria communication Act, Criminal law, law of tort, planning Laws, Land Use act and other regulations tangential to the provision of telecom services in the country. In examining these laws the paper seeks to identify the lacunas, drawbacks and limitations existing in these regulations and proceeds to advance reform and recommendations towards the efficient administration and implementation of telecom laws in Nigeria in the overall benefit of the telecom business in Nigeria.

Telecommunication Sector in India - An Analysis

Abstract: Telecom in the real sense means the transfer of information between two distant points in space. The popular meaning of telecom always involves electrical signals and as a result, people often exclude postal or any other raw telecommunication methods from its meaning. Therefore, the history of Indian telecom can be started with the introduction of telegraph. The government of India possesses a diversified communications system that links all parts of the country by Internet, telephone, telegraph, radio, and television. Most of the telecommunications forms are as prevalent or as advanced as those in modern Western countries, and the system includes some of the most sophisticated technology in the world and constitutes a foundation for further development of a modern network. India has the world’s second largest mobile phone users with over 903 million as of January 2012. It has the world’s third largest Internet users with over 121 million as of December 2011. India has become the world's most competitive and one of the fastest growing telecom markets. The industry is expected to reach a size of 344,921 crore (US$ 68.81 billion) by 2012 at a growth rate of over 26 per cent, and generate employment opportunities for about 10 million people during the same period. According to analysts, the sector would create direct employment for 2.8 million people and for 7 million indirectly. The total revenue of the Indian telecom sector grew by 7% to 283,207crore (US$ 56.5 billion) for 2010-11 financial year, while revenues from telecom equipment segment stood at 117,039 crore (US$ 23.35 billion). This paper confines the structure of telecom industry, telecom policies of the government of India, telecommunication services in rural India and growth of telecom industry in India.

Understanding the dynamics of broadband markets: A comparative case study of Flanders and the Netherlands

Abstract: The Digital Agenda for Europe sets out clear goals for providing high speed broadband to all its residents, but leaves the implementation of this plan to the individual Member States. Because of large economic, cultural and political differences, the roads to realizing these ambitious goals are varying in between these Member States. This paper investigates the dynamics of fixed broadband markets in two neighboring regions: Flanders, the northern part of Belgium, and the Netherlands. The historical developments in telecom markets in both regions are highly similar and resulted in both areas in a duopoly between the incumbent, operating DSL on the former telephone network, and one or more cable operators, using the DOCSIS technology to offer broadband on the former analogue television network. However, in the race towards realizing the Digital Agenda goals, it comes down to the small differences in between both regions: the existence of housing organizations in the Netherlands has led to quite some Fiber-to-the-Home deployment, whereas in Flanders, the traditional operators use evolutionary upgrades of both DSL and DOCSIS to realize the European targets.

Entry under Subsidy: the Competitive U.S. Local Telephone Industry

Abstract: The 1996 Telecommunication Act introduces entry into an originally monopolistic U.S. local telephone industry. As competitors cherry pick rich, urban markets to enter, the Act calls for an explicit and pro-competitive subsidy policy to narrow the potential divide in telecom infrastructure. To study relevant economic factors in the design of such a policy, we estimate a dynamic oligopoly entry game using data on the competitors' entry decisions into local markets. As we observe the identities of potential entrants and their waiting time before actual entry, we allow these firms to be heterogeneous long-run players who have the option value of waiting. We find that both market- and firm-level heterogeneity plays an important role in a potential entrant's local entry decisions. Moreover, these entry decisions are significantly influenced by the consideration of both current and future competition. Using structural estimates, we evaluate the effectiveness of different subsidy policies.

Understanding the dynamics of broadband markets: A comparative case study of Flanders and the Netherlands

Abstract: The Digital Agenda for Europe sets out clear goals for providing high speed broadband to all its residents, but leaves the implementation of this plan to the individual Member States. Because of large economic, cultural and political differences, the roads to realizing these ambitious goals are varying in between these Member States. This paper investigates the dynamics of fixed broadband markets in two neighboring regions: Flanders, the northern part of Belgium, and the Netherlands. The historical developments in telecom markets in both regions are highly similar and resulted in both areas in a duopoly between the incumbent, operating DSL on the former telephone network, and one or more cable operators, using the DOCSIS technology to offer broadband on the former analogue television network. However, in the race towards realizing the Digital Agenda goals, it comes down to the small differences in between both regions: the existence of housing organizations in the Netherlands has led to quite some Fiberto- the-Home deployment, whereas in Flanders, the traditional operators use evolutionary upgrades of both DSL and DOCSIS to realize the European targets.

India: Case Study on the Supreme Court Ruling on the 2G Spectrum Scam

Abstract: In 2008, the Central Government of India granted 122 telecom licenses to various companies in response to 575 applications for licenses. In a report in 2010-11, the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India concluded that the allocation of these 122 licenses was characterised by policy gaps and irregularities in procedure. The Government was criticised for cherry-picking the telecom regulators recommendations; for ignoring market based mechanisms like auctions; and for administratively allocating licenses at prices discovered in 2001 on the pretext of providing a level playing field with incumbent operators. The estimated loss by the CAG according to three different estimates ranged from Rs 53523 to 139652 crores. Media coverage of the report and license allocation, hyped as the “2G Scam,” was followed by public outrage and protests. On the 2nd of February 2012, the Supreme Court of India, in response to a Public Interest Litigation (PIL), cancelled all 122 telecom licenses granted in 2008 and directed that the spectrum linked with these licenses be auctioned.The verdict took the telecom industry by surprise and left the Government running for cover. The unaffected incumbent operators praised the verdict for giving a blank slate to the Government - an opportunity to chalk out a fresh concrete policy for efficient management of spectrum and maximization of government revenues. The affected licensees, however, complained that the Supreme Court left a question mark with respect to the future of operators who had already rolled out their networks. Many investors such as the Telenor Group (of Uninor) had already invested over Rs 6,100 crores in equity and over Rs 8,000 crores in corporate guarantees as a foreign investor that trusted a telecom licence stamped by the Government of India. The company had appealed to the government for a solution so that its customers are not affected by the verdict. ''We also expect the authorities to ensure that our 36 million customers, 17500 workforce and 22000 partners are not unjustly affected,'' said Uninor . A few other foreign investors even threatened to invoke foreign investment treaties to indemnify their losses. Some others have decided to write off the losses and exit the market completely.Industry experts fear that the reduced competition by the mass cancellation of licenses is expected to lead to an increase in tariffs in the near future. Further, experts also fear that a few telecom infrastructure companies are expected to become unsustainable as their primary customers were the cancelled licensees. The Supreme Court ruling comes in a scenario wherein telecommunications in India is torn between the New Telecom Policy of 1999 (NTP 1999) and the Draft New Telecom Policy of 2011 (DNTP 2011), which is yet to be finalised and notified in February 2012. In these times of uncertainty, all stakeholders look towards the Central Government for guidance with very high expectations.

A Case Study on Nutek India Limited, regarding Deep Fall in Share Price

Abstract: Manipulating the security price is an act of artificially inflating or deflating the price of a security. Generally, manipulation is defined as a series of transactions designed to raise or lower a price of a security or to give the appearance of trading for the purpose of inducing others to buy or sell. In essence, a manipulation is intentional interference with the free forces of supply and demand. In this paper we have tried to study the reasons behind drastic fall in share price of Nutek India Limited.Keywords: NTIL, Nutek, Price Manipulation, GDR, SEBI.1. INTRODUCTION:NTIL is a telecom infrastructure services company providing rollout solutions for both fixed and wireless telecom networks. NTIL provides expertise in turnkey site build, active equipment implementations, operations & maintenance and technical support services. The company's core expertise lies in the breadth of services it offers in the telecom infrastructure space. It offers services to telecommunication equipment manufacturers, telecom operators as well as third party infrastructure leasing companies in installing and maintaining telecom network equipment & Infrastructure. NTIL is also involved in creation of In-building networks for the Wireless and Data Applications. Its client list constitutes all the prominent players in the telecom industry that includes Third Party Infrastructure Leasing Companies (like Indus Towers, Quippo, WTTIL), Telecom operators (like Airtel, Vodafone, Idia, Reliance Communications, Aircel) and Telecom Equipment Manufacturers (like Ericsson, Nokia Siemens Network, Huawei, ZTE, Motorola)[16].2. FACTS:The share was listed at 192 rupees with FV 10 on 27th August 2008. In the mean time, splitted the FV to 5.00 (on 23rd December, 2009). The price of share fallen drastically from IPO listing price, Rs 192 to all time low of Rs 0.65 in BSE[12] and Rs 0.70 in NSE[13] on 25th Nov 2011. The book value of the share is Rs. 32.3. FACTORS:Following are some factors which could be the predictors to detect the factual reason of drastic downfall in the stock price.(i) Price Manipulation by Operators:The bulk/block deals data is given below (Table 2) from NSE[13] since beginning of IPO and for the past one year from BSE[12]. Upon carefully analyzing the data, it is evident that following traders/individuals might have deliberately attempted to manipulate the share price while trading.(ii) GDR Dumping:In the process total share capital increased by 12 cr and money close to Rs 316 Cr was raised by the company. During first GDR proceed, GDRs seem to have been issued at discounted prices in comparison to Indian market price, whereas the second GDR proceed looks to have been issued on par with the then market price.Money raised through GDRs at an average price close to Rs 30 per share. Total GDRs raised were 12 Cr share equivalents. Then price started falling down and ultimately saw its bottom at 65 paise on 25th Nov 2011.Price was manipulated downward while GDRs were being dumped in to the market. On 2nd Nov 2011, only 16.76% of GDRs were there with the custodians. Shares available at dirt cheap prices were accumulated and being converted to GDRs now. From 2nd Nov till date, GDRs with custodians has increased from close to 17% to 61%. GDR data as updated on 15th March 2012, it has increased from 52.07% to 61% of total share capital. In terms of total GDRs, it is 78.58%. Current share equivalent of GDRs is 9,429,951 out of 12 Cr total GDRs raised and against total share capital of 15,45,18,600. Without any surprise, the latest GDR holding is 61%, The detail are shown in Table 4 below:According to Table 3 & 4, one can predict that GDRs were dumped at higher levels and bought back at dirt cheap prices. Now the question arises: Why does a GDR share holder sell at price less than the buying price and why does he again try to buy at much lower levels? …

Model-Driven Service Creation for a Telecom Service Platform

Abstract: The current telecommunications scenario requires rapid development of services in the presence of both traditional telecommunications technologies and novel IT technologies. In this scenario, service creation is challenging and should therefore be supported by proper service design notations and service creation tools in a coherent service creation approach. This chapter describes the SPICE approach to service creation. The approach consists of a language that leverages service reuse through platformindependent service composition; tools that support the definition of services, and their deployment to a target service execution environment. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-61520-655-1.ch008

Wideband Voltage Controlled Oscillators for Cognitive Radio Systems

Abstract: In the latest years much research effort was devoted to envision a new paradigm for wireless transmission. Results from recent works (Wireless Word Research Forum, 2005) indicate that a possible solution would lie in utilizing in a more efficient manner the diverse Radio Access Technologies1 (RATs) that are available nowadays, with the purpose of enabling interoperability among them and convergence into one global telecom infrastructure (beyond 3G).

Competitiveness in Indian Telecom Industry: The case of IDEA Cellular

Abstract: Indian Telecom Industry is the third largest in terms of user base and is the fastest growing telecom market in the world. The Industry has grown almost 23x in subscriber base in a short span of 10 years from 37 million in 2001 to over 846 million in 2011. Despite the downfalls, the industry is all set to grow at 20% CAGR over the next five years and high speed data networks like 3G and 4G are expected to boost revenues of the telecos. A brainchild of the prolific Aditya Birla Group, IDEA Cellular is an interesting company with a strong rural subscriber base. We have tried to analyze competitiveness of IDEA cellular on various fronts. Research methodology used is secondary research followed by in-depth interviews with key industry persons. We have answered many key relevant questions for IDEA like their strategy for 2G spectrum auction and benchmarking them in key parameters and providing recommendations for them A recent report by PriceWaterCooper House compares the number of players in telecom across countries and India leads the list by a huge margin. (See Exhibit 1) When developed nations like US have only 4 players, India has 10+ players in each circle and 14 players on a national scale. Also, with TRAI being a tough taskmaster, the market is highly regulated and leaves very little scope for differentiation amongst players. The result is almost identical pricing plans, dwindling margins and marketing being the only differentiation. With the advent of the recent 2G scams, the industry has also attracted media spotlight on itself. We were curious to know what factors drive consumer decisions while deciding on a telecom service provider. Amongst the options provided, Network coverage and Plans & Pricing took the top 2 spots respectively. (See Exhibit 2) But interestingly, Customer service took no.3 while Brand Value and Marketing landed no.4 and no.5 respectively. With IT systems and pricing being almost similar, it was quite an insight that intangible values like Customer service and perceived Brand value account for 30% weightage while deciding on a service provider. The second component of the survey asked the participants to rate the top 5 players namely Bharti, Vodafone, IDEA, Reliance and Tata DoCoMo on the 5 factors. (See Exhibit 3) IDEA Cellular was rated " average " in ALL the 5 factors. Bharti, Vodafone and IDEA share network infrastructure through the INDUS tower company but …

Profitabilty analysis of Reliance Telecom Ltd

Abstract: Telecommunication is the assisted transmission over a distance for the purpose of communication. It typically involves the use of electronic devices such as the telephone, television, radio or computer. There are many new developments in the telecom sector, including the entrance of 3G technology that the Indian market is witnessing at present. Three objectives framed for the study. This study is based on secondary data obtained from the Annual Reports containing the Balance sheet and Profit and Loss Account. It is collected and compiled from “PROWESS” database of Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) which is reliable and empowered corporate data base. In addition to this supportive data is collected from various books, journals, libraries and news papers. To calculate the growth of the Reliance Telecom ltd., the compound annual growth rate is used. To find out the profitability of Reliance Telecom ltd., the Ratio analysis is used. Statistical tools such as mean, standard deviation, co-efficient of variation, Correlation and t-test are also employed. The present business world is becoming more complex because of its dynamic future. Telecom industry plays a vital role in the overall development of a country. In that case, the management should be more active and efficient in order to overcome the obstacles, which requires effective financial management in order to pinpoint the problems and adopt necessary and relevant steps for the smooth running of the organization.

Mobile Phones and Voice-Based Educational Services in Rural India: Project RuralVoice

Abstract: Voice-based services offer major business opportunities in developing areas such as India and Africa. In these areas mobile phones have become very popular, and their usage is increasing all the time. In this project, we study the deployment of voice-based mobile educational services for developing countries. Our study is based on a Spoken Web technology developed by IBM Research Labs, and our focus is on India’s Bottom of the Pyramid (BoP). It is being built as a service that runs on the telecom infrastructure similar to World Wide Web that runs as a service on the Internet infrastructure. Spoken Web proposes to build an alternate web for the underprivileged population that is yet untouched by the enormous benefits of Internet and World Wide Web. In this research project RuralVoice we also investigate how Finnish service and technology companies can co-create novel services for this challenging target population in three educational areas i.e. agriculture, healthcare and entrepreneurship education.

Challenges in Outsourcing of Telecom Tower Management – System Integrators (SI) Perspective

Abstract: The phenomenal growth in mobile subscribers over the last few years has created huge opportunities for the telecom infrastructure industry. The operators in developed markets have already moved on to advanced active infrastructure outsourcing, operators in developing markets are be-ginning to realize the potential of passive infrastructure outsourcing. The intense competition in the telecom industry forced all the operators to look for opportunities to reduce the cost of operations by outsourcing tower infrastructure management related activities which demand huge cap-ital expenditure and operating expenditure. Thus the telecom tower industry is growing continuously to cut down cost and reducing the time-to-market. There are number of challenges and risks for incumbents and greenfield telecom operators in this working model. Today a telecom operator has outsourced various core and non-core functions and processes to multiple vendors which pose a major challenge for all the SI’s to work together in a harmony to deliver end to end SLA’s and quality service to the client. Though outsourcing tower component of the network to an SI seems to be a beneficial aspect for the operators, the tower outsourcing is a comparatively new concept in the telecommunication industry in India. The research presented in this paper primarily explores the tower management outsourcing challenges faced by system integrators (SI’s) and actionable recommendations. Paper presents an extensive literature survey based on which select critical factors have been identified for creating a framework that could be used by telecom operators and SI’s for successful implementation.

The Research on the Mode of Co-construction and Sharing of the Telecom Infrastructure Based on Operation of the Third-party Companies

Abstract: Since the suggestion of co-construction and sharing,re-construction of China's telecom industry infrastructure has been effectively controlled.Nevertheless,a standard operation mode has not yet been reached in this field.The mode of co-construction and sharing of telecom infrastructure based on operation of the third-party companies has been successfully implemented in various foreign developed countries and telecom operation cooperations.Based on the conclusion and summery from certain successful cases of developed countries,this article indicates the significant influences from this mode on the development of telecom industry.Meanwhile combining the unique developing background of China's telecom industry,this article offers some solutions in hoping that China's co-construction and sharing action can be deeply promoted and telecom industry improved.

Developing Mobile Software with FLOSS

Abstract: The goal of this workshop is to explore the challenges, issues and opportunities associated with the use of free and open source software (FLOSS) in mobile platforms and apps. As mobile phones and devices become more powerful, as cloud services and telecom infrastructure become richer, and as consumer expectations evolve, developers are faced with an array of challenges that affect how they should systematically build and deploy new applications and systems.

Exit-Voice-Control: Accountability in Services Received by Indian Telecom Operators

Abstract: The telecom operators, though providers of services to end customers, are also recipients of services from the Government of India. These services are received from the Government through its various organs including the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), Telecom Commission (TC), Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) and Telecom Dispute Settlement and Appellate Tribunal (TDSAT). This paper analyses three determinants of public accountability for the services provided by the government to telecom operators. First, ‘exit’ is demonstrated to have a high cost as result of which, need is established for having strong ‘voice’ and ‘hierarchical control’ mechanisms. Analysis of the ‘voice’ mechanism reveals that though it is receptive and strong in comparison to that in other ministries, there are loopholes regarding transparency and information asymmetry that need to be plugged. Analysis of ‘hierarchical control’ mechanism reveals that even though a strong monitoring mechanism is in place, there is need to link it to proper incentives for the government to respond to performance indicators.

To Regulate Or Not to Regulate? - Economic Approach to Indefeasible Right of Use (IRU)

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to present an Indefeasible Right of Use (IRU) as a possible remedy for telecom infrastructure EU projects that (in Poland) have been lagged behind the time. Thanks for IRU, Beneficiaries of these EU projects will be able to save both: time and money and will finish projects successfully. The author discusses two possible methods of implementing IRU: via regulatory obligation and via incumbent’s goodwill. The author proposes a game theory model with payoffs depending on regulator’s and incumbent’s strategies. Using a game theory tree, the author shows that if only the incumbent is willing to offer his own network, IRU may be signed and most delays in EU projects disappear. The success is not so obvious while implementing IRU as an obligation – in this case EU projects will probably fail.