Showing papers on "Urban geography published in 1995"
01 Jan 1995
241 citations
Book•
01 Jun 1995
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a model-based approach to model land use and land value in the context of residential mobility in the United States, and the decision-making process in residential mobility.
Abstract: 1. Urban Geography. 2. The Model-building Approach. 3. Patterns of Land Use and Land Value. 4. Multivariate Land Value and Housing Models. 5. Urban Retail Structure and Population Density Patterns. 6. Urban Social Areas. 7. Urban Industrial Structure. 8. The City of the Mind. 9. Movement Patterns within Cities. 10. Residential Mobility. 11. The Decision-making Process in Residential Mobility. 12. The System of Cities. 13. Interregional Migration. 14. Urban Planning. References. Index.
62 citations
TL;DR: Vietnam was the second most populous country in Southeast Asia in 1990 and is expected to increase to 98.4 million population by 2010 as discussed by the authors and 16.2 million by 2010.
Abstract: Vietnam was the second most populous country in Southeast Asia in 1990. Population is expected to increase to 98.4 million (country-wide) and 16.2 million (urban) by 2010. UN projections indicate a rise of urban population to 33.8 million. The author based on his 40 years of urbanization research in Asia considers the UN estimates more likely. The most likely economic development pattern will follow the South Korean Taiwanese and Thailand model. This model includes rapid development of a mixed economy with a large private sector open to foreign investment and a strong increase in manufactured exports. Most of the industrial and urban development are likely to be concentrated in the two Extended Metropolitan Regions of Hanoi-Haiphong and Ho Chi Minh. Development in these two densely populated regions is likely to create challenges for urban policymakers. Urban areas are defined as those with a defined urban concentration of population the natural and migration increase of urban population an increase in people engaged in nonagricultural occupations and an urban life style. This paper refers to Vietnamese definitions of urban places for the period 1970-89. Historically urban policies changed during five periods: the pre-colonial period; the French colonial period (1858-1945) with greater administrative commercial and manufacturing functions developed in cities and towns; the struggle for reunification during 1954-75; reconstruction during 1976-86; and the post-1986 economic reform period. Spatial distribution patterns have varied little since colonization. The factors influencing present urbanization are identified and discussed. Vietnamese planners recently proposed three main centers for development and two centers for secondary development that are linked by roads railways and rivers. The author makes six recommendations for avoiding the potential problems of urban growth and development.
21 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of a land market, urban sprawl, and the problems resulting from the shift to a market-oriented economy are investigated in the context of China's urban geography.
Abstract: Economic reforms and the opening of China to the outside world beginning in the late 1970s have provided the impetus for increased research in urban geography. Major research themes have included urbanization (including rural to urban migration and control of city size), national and regional urban systems, and urban morphology and internal spatial structure. Topics for further investigation in the future should include the effects of a land market, urban sprawl, and the problems resulting from the shift to a market-oriented economy.
20 citations
01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the role of local government within urban areas and the economic development policies of local authorities, and examine the relationship between these two public policy fields and show that they are interrelated.
Abstract: This chapter deals with two public policy fields: the urban (or ‘inner city’) policies of national governments, especially the role of local government within them, and the economic development policies of local authorities. Both remain fairly insignificant in public expenditure terms, but they have become steadily more important over the past twenty years and have attracted academic attention out of all proportion to their size. They are examined together because they are clearly interrelated. The primary goal of national urban policy since the late 1970s has been the economic regeneration of selected areas and many local authorities have relied significantly on national programmes to support their local development efforts. The two are not synonymous though. They are products of two different policy-making systems and, until a recent and somewhat uneasy ‘truce’, there have been significant tensions between them.
14 citations
14 citations
TL;DR: Zhang et al. as discussed by the authors studied the location factors of urban development, the evolving pattern of cities, and the characteristics of urban spatial distribution based on data and empirical investigation, and examined the rationality of patterns of spatial distribution and urban development trends over time.
Abstract: Urban development, or regional urbanization, in essence is the process of concentrating regional production and promoting economic modernization. The coastal region in China now has an advanced economy and a high degree of urban concentration. Several metropolitan areas have formed here. As a result of the open policy of the last 10 years, five Special Economic Zones (SEZs) were established and 14 coastal port cities opened, which gave the coastal area a new urban development pattern. This paper primarily studies the location factors of urban development, the evolving pattern of cities, and the characteristics of urban spatial distribution. Based on data and empirical investigation, it also examines the rationality of patterns of urban spatial distribution and urban development trends over time. Finally, it provides a theoretical basis not only for regional urban development and city planning studies, but also for the study of urban geography.
TL;DR: In this article, the role of race in voting rights litigations is discussed, and TAMING RACE: THE ROLE OF SPACE in VOTING RIGHTS LITIGATION.
Abstract: (1995). TAMING RACE: THE ROLE OF SPACE IN VOTING RIGHTS LITIGATION. Urban Geography: Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 98-111.
01 Jun 1995
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a survey of urban trends in Latin American cities for the entire period since 1930, focusing on demographic trends, employment, economic development, migration, housing, and planning.
Abstract: There are few historical accounts that summarize the general processes of urbanization in Latin America or that provide histories of particular Latin American cities for the entire period since 1930. A valuable account of the early (1940s and 1950s) urbanization processes is Philip Hauser (ed.), Urbanization in Latin America (New York, 1961), which was published by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), reflecting its new-found preoccupation with urban issues in developing countries. The issues covered were demographic trends, employment, economic development, migration, housing, and planning. Richard Morse, ‘Latin American cities: Aspects of function and structure, ’ CSSH , 16/4 (1962), 473–93 reviews research on urbanization in the 1950s and early 1960s, and his two-part article, ‘Trends and issues in Latin American urban research, 1965–1970, ’ LARR , 6/1 (1971), 3–52 and 6/2 (1971), 19–75 examines trends in the mid and late 1960s. An important source of information and analysis is the annual series Latin American Urban Research (Beverly Hills, Calif.), which was published from 1970 to 1976, each year having a different thematic focus, including migration, urban poverty, and metropolitanization. From a more anthropological perspective, Douglas Butterworth and John Chance, Latin American Urbanization (Cambridge, Eng., 1981) takes account of studies carried out in the 1940s but concentrates on the 1960s and 1970s. The demographic perspective, analysing the evolution of urban primacy and the preoccupation with rapid population and urban growth in Latin America, is found in Glenn H. Beyer (ed.), The Urban Explosion in Latin America (Ithaca, N.Y., 1967). A more recent analysis of trends in city growth and urbanization is Robert W. Fox, Urban Population Trends in Latin America (Washington, D.C., 1975).
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the Housing Provision in Developed Economies (HPC) in terms of the provision of public housing in developing countries, and propose a model for urban neighborhoods.
Abstract: (1995). HOUSING PROVISION IN DEVELOPED ECONOMIES. Urban Geography: Vol. 16, No. 5, pp. 459-466.
TL;DR: In this paper, FEMINISM and URBAN IMAGERY: Vol. 16, No. 2, Chinese Cities and Urbanization II, pp. 643-648.
Abstract: (1995). FEMINISM AND URBAN IMAGERY. Urban Geography: Vol. 16, Chinese Cities and Urbanization II, pp. 643-648.
Book•
01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a physical background, environmental hazards conservation historical aspects agriculture industry popultion urban geography geopolitics, and the Guianas region of South America.
Abstract: Part 1 Physical background environmental hazards conservation historical aspects agriculture industry popultion urban geography geopolitics. Part 2 Argentina Paraguay Uruguay Chile Bolivia Peru Ecuador Colombia Brazil The Guianas Venezuela.
01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: The analysis and verification attempted have revealed a marked reduction in the number of small towns as well as shifts in functional characteristics within urban areas in Italy.
Abstract: The paper presents recent changes in the Italian settlement system and variations in urban hierarchical relations. Functional classification of towns and their new position compared with the situation at the beginning of [the] 1980s is...proposed in terms of three categories of cities medium-sized towns and small towns. The analysis and verification attempted in this study have revealed a marked reduction in the number of small towns as well as shifts in functional characteristics within urban areas in Italy. (EXCERPT)
TL;DR: In this article, URBAN CONFLICT POLITICS and the MATERIALIST-POSTSTRUCTURALIST GAZE are discussed. But their focus is on the MTLG.
Abstract: (1995). URBAN CONFLICT POLITICS AND THE MATERIALIST-POSTSTRUCTURALIST GAZE. Urban Geography: Vol. 16, No. 8, pp. 734-742.
TL;DR: The position of town directories as sources in urban geography is discussed in this article, where they are used as instruments of propaganda and social control in Germany during the National Socialist period, where directories were often compiled not just with an administrative or commercial role but to broadcast a particular image of society to the outside world.
Abstract: The position of town directories as sources in urban geography is discussed here. Traditionally attention has focused on their use in studies of social or commercial change in urban environments, and making use of the extensive listings of names and addresses contained therein. They are, however, far more versatile sources than this and provide excellent information on political and cultural change. Directories were often compiled not just with an administrative or commercial role in mind but to broadcast a particular image of society to the outside world. Perhaps nowhere is this more clearly illustrated than in Germany in the National Socialist period where directories were used as instruments of propaganda and social control. Concerted, and often quite subtle, efforts were made by the NSDAP through directories to cultivate a new image of society, one which was closely tied to their ideology. Moreover, when viewed against Hitler's town building programme, directory evidence casts it in a different light as one interested as much in projected image as urban regeneration.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the performance of small and medium-sized companies in the functional urban regions of Antwerp, Brussels and Mechelen in order to test the validity of some theories of economic geography on the basis of financial statement data.
Abstract: The results of interdisciplinary research in which data and techniques of accounting are combined with theories in the field of economic geography are presented. The investigation tests the validity of some theories of economic geography on the basis of financial statement data. Up till now these theories have only been tested empirically with the use of macro-economic data, such as employment figures. In this project, the performances of small and medium-sized companies are analysed in the functional urban regions of Antwerp, Brussels and Mechelen. The most important conclusion is that the ‘average’ companies in the centre of the ‘research area’ show weaker financial performances than those in the periphery. If focused solely on trade companies the same pattern emerges. For industrial companies however, ‘the reversal of the centre-periphery relations’ is not obvious.
TL;DR: A discussion of the issues currently affecting the development of urban transport and urban planning, including public policy, financing, and technology, is presented in this paper, with a focus on public policy and finance.
Abstract: A discussion of the issues currently affecting the development of urban transport and urban planning, including public policy, financing, and technology, is presented.
TL;DR: The place and the politics of identity are discussed in this paper, where the authors present a survey of the place and identity in urban geography, focusing on places and places of interest.
Abstract: (1995). Place and the Politics of Identity. Michael Keith and Steve Pile, editors. Urban Geography: Vol. 16, Spatial Analysis in Geography, pp. 365-368.