Showing papers on "Voltage multiplier published in 1981"

Electrostatic spray gun apparatus

Abstract: A hand-manipulable electrostatic spray gun is disclosed which is one requiring no electric cable attached to it. Within the hand-manipulable spray gun an air turbine is driven at high speed in the order of 60,000 rpm and drives directly an alternator to generate an alternating voltage in the order of 50 volts at about 1000 Hz. The output of this alternator is supplied to a step-up transformer to achieve a secondary voltage in the order of 2500 volts. From here, it is supplied to a long chain series voltage multiplier to increase the voltage thereof to one in the order of 55-80 kilovolts. The combination of a relatively small transformer and small capacitance establishes a direct voltage output from the voltage multiplier which has an alternating voltage ripple in excess of fifteen percent. The foregoing abstract is merely a resume of one general application, is not a complete discussion of all principles of operation or applications, and is not to be construed as a limitation on the scope of the claimed subject matter.

Integrated voltage multiplier

Abstract: Integrated voltage multiplier constructed by multilayer technology in the form of a homogeneous block constituted by a stack of thin ceramic dielectric sheets metallized in such a way that each sheet carries metallized zones constituting the foils of capacitors, certain of which are connected in series. Thus, the block has at least two groups of series-connected capacitors. A recess is provided in the block between the two groups for the diodes interconnecting the capacitors of the two groups.

Monolithic voltage divider

Abstract: A voltage divider circuit is provided which can be fabricated as a portion of a monolithic integrated circuit without requiring any external capacitors. The voltage divider circuit has a pair of capacitors which are alternately switched between series connection and parallel connection to divide an input supply voltage. The voltage divider circuit can thereby provide a second supply voltage of one half the input supply voltage.

Switchover system for binary load control

Abstract: A system for alternately activating and deactivating a load comprises a high-resistance d-c circuit branch connected across a power supply downstream of a load-operating impedance, this branch including a voltage limiter and a voltage multiplier in series with each other and with a switching stage responsive to commands from a timer and/or a parameter sensor such as a thermostat. The junction of the voltage limiter and the voltage multiplier is connected to one input of a differential amplifier whose other input is energized with either of two potentials, respectively higher and lower than that of the junction, by the switching stage. The amplifier output controls a variable-resistance element, such as a transistor of the bipolar or the MOSFET type, connected across the high-resistance branch to form a current path in series with the load-operating impedance, the resistance of this path being variable between a high value minimizing the flow of load current and a low value sufficient to maintain the switching stage operational. A standby source may be provided for keeping the switching stage or at least an electric timer thereof energized during interruptions of the main power supply.

Integrated circuit high voltage pulse generator system

Abstract: An integrated circuit system for generating a regulated high voltage tunneling pulse whose voltage level varies as a function of the voltage level needed to initiate tunneling of electrons across one or more dielectric gaps between respective first and second regions. The voltage level of initial electron tunneling is compared with a predetermined voltage margin so as to cause said generated tunneling voltage pulse to have a voltage level equal to the sum of said detected tunneling voltage and said voltage margin. The tunneling voltage pulse is then maintained substantially at this level for a predetermined duration before the tunneling pulse is discharged.

Electrostatic coating apparatus

Abstract: An electrostatic coating apparatus having a built-in high-voltage (high-tension) generator which, apart from a voltage multiplier (2) in the form of a cascade circuit, which voltage multiplier (2) is constructed as a tubular component consisting of two capacitor columns (4) (which are diametrically opposite one another with respect to the feed tube (1) for the coating material) and diode groups (which are arranged on different sides of the feed tube (1) and in each case consist of diode components (6, 7) which are aligned identically in terms of circuitry and physically) can contain a transformer (9) which likewise surrounds the feed tube (1) and whose secondary winding is constructed as a coil (13) having chambers, in order to reduce the structural size of the voltage multiplier. The apparatus can be constructed as an electrostatic additional apparatus which, instead of being coupled to the output nozzle of a non-electrostatic coating gun, is coupled to its gun body.

Kirlian photography device

Abstract: A battery-powered corona discharge photography device for holding a photographic recording medium adjacent an electrode, with a specimen in contact with the recording medium. A highly regulated voltage source is coupled by a voltage step-up circuit to a capacitor for storage of an increased level voltage. A silicon controlled rectifier is triggered by a pulse generator to discharge the capacitor, causing a voltage pulse across a transformer primary. Once the pulse generator is activated, it generates a series of pulses of a number determined by the setting of a switch, and so a like series of high voltage electrical pulses is generated across the transformer secondary, and this secondary is connected to the electrode. Either of two transformers can selectively be utilized, to provide selectivity in the frequency characteristics of the high voltage electrical pulses. Means are also provided for reversing the polarity or adjusting the voltage level of the high voltage electrical pulses.

Experimental study of factors affecting capacitance of high-voltage compressed-gas capacitors

Abstract: Various factors affecting the value and voltage dependence of the capacitance of high-voltage compressed-gas capacitors, used as high-voltage measurement standards, are considered. An experimental method for testing the mechanical stability of the electrodes is presented. Results of the comparison of a standard capacitor with other gas capacitors are presented, and it is concluded that a compressed-gas capacitor can be transported successfully if some precautions are taken.

CMOS Turn-on circuit

Abstract: A CMOS integrated circuit which requires a higher and a lower supply voltage source, often includes a parasitic diode commonly in the form of a thyristor which is formed with its anode connected to the lower voltage supply terminal and its cathode to the higher voltage supply terminal. The present invention is an FET which has its source-drain circuit connected between the lower voltage terminal of the integrated circuit and the lower voltage source, and its gate to the higher voltage source. This protects the integrated circuit diode from fusing if either passive or dynamic conditions result in the faster voltage rise at the anode relative to the cathode when supply voltage is applied to the integrated circuit, since the voltage at the anode is protected from rising faster than the cathode.

Power supply for triode x-ray tubes

Abstract: A power supply provides high voltage for a grid controlled x-ray tube. In the supply an oscillator generates a high frequency signal which is amplified and transformed to kilovoltage. A voltage multiplier increases the kilovoltage to a potential suitable for the tube. The voltage multiplier includes a bank of series capacitors which tends to maintain a constant high voltage when the tube is not conducting.

A gated resonant inverter power processor for pulsed loads

Abstract: A new, ac to high voltage dc converter system for radar transmitters is described. The system utilizes a gated resonant SCR inverter and full wave voltage multiplier to develop 45 kV at 30 kW average power with excellent dynamic regulation performance. Design considerations are discussed and measured performance data presented.

Analog peak voltage detector in a defibrillator

Abstract: A circuit for detecting and holding the peak voltage of an analog signal is provided. A constant current source controlled by a digital voltage comparator charges a capacitor. The capacitor is charged to a voltage value equivalent to the peak voltage of the analog signal. By selecting the value of the capacitor and the amplitude of the constant current from the current source, slew rate limiting can be achieved, giving the circuit high noise immunity.

Load-control system with two-conductor supply circuit

Abstract: A system for the control of a load such as a heating or cooling plant in response to changes in an external parameter, specifically ambient temperature, comprises a loop circuit with two conductors connected at an input end across a power supply and at an output end across a switching network, the load being inserted in one of these conductors. A high-impedance voltage multiplier connected across these conductors downstream of the load, in parallel with the switching network, supplies the necessary operating voltage to a parameter sensor such as a thermostat even when that network is in a low-impedance state so as to draw a maximum load current. The switching network may include a voltage clamp provided with a source of reference potential, e.g. a primary battery, which upon failure of the normal power supply can act as a standby supply insuring continued operation of a timer serving for a periodic switchover between different temperature thresholds for the thermostat.

Direct current supply particularly for cathode ray tube

Abstract: A direct current supply, making it possible to produce a number of separate regulated voltages from a single regulated supply, constituted by a voltage multiplier with cascade-connected doubler stages. One of the doubler stages, preferably the first, supplies by the connection point of its two rectifiers at least one circuit for generating a complementary d.c. voltage. This generator circuit comprises a variable capacitor connected downstream to two oppositely connected diodes and connected to earth or to a fixed d.c. potential, one directly and the other across a resistor and a capacitor connected in parallel.

Diode pump voltage multiplier circuit - uses two transistors across input connections and requires only one capacitor in generator section

Abstract: The integrated circuit voltage multiplier circuit for controlling a field effect transistor and operating as a diode pump, uses a capacitor for the oscillator section which also forms part of the diode pump. The generator section (9) which has a variable output, has a pnp transistor (41) with its emitter connected to the input terminal (10). A second npn transistor (44) has its emitter connected to the other input terminal (11). Across the load (14) is connected a capacitor (7) which can be omitted if the load is capacitative. Only one capacitor (5) is then required, this forming part of the diode pump. A further diode (8) is connected across the load.

Electrical power supply arrangement for image intensifier tubes and combination thereof with an image intensifier tube

Abstract: A power supply arrangement for an image intensifier tube, comprising an oscillator circuit, a high voltage multiplier and an automatic brightness control (ABC) circuit. The ABC circuit includes a series regulator for producing a variable voltage to be supplied to the microchannel plate of the image intensifier tube. The series regulator comprises a junction power transistor (38) having a load resistor (40) connected to its collector. A feedback amplifier (44) is connected to the base of the transistor (38) and one input of the amplifier is coupled to a tapping (46) of a potential divider coupled between one output terminal (CPI) and ground. The transistor (38) is an off-the-shelf power transistor which is operated in class A with a current gain less than unity and at such a low maximum collector current that the risk of thermal runaway which would lead to second breakdown is avoided.

Battery charger combining series and step regulation - with tapped transformer winding and thyristor rectifier giving high voltage step

Abstract: The circuit provides two voltage levels for the unregulated dc supply without causing excessive ripple in the rectified voltage at the lower level. The secondary winding (2) of the rectifier transformer (1) has two sections. The main section (3) is connected to rectifier diodes (6), and provides the lower voltage supply to the series regulator (8,9) controlling the charging voltage of the battery. If the unregulated voltage falls below a set value, the higher voltage is switched in. The necessary measurement may be the voltage across the regulating transistor (8). The second stage comprises a thyristor rectifier (5) connected to the additional section (4) on the transformer secondary winding. The thyristor triggering can be controlled by the voltage detector (7). As the thyristors act only as switches, the output voltage ripple remains similar to that produced by the diode rectifier.

Portable x-ray generator

Abstract: FIELD: radio engineering. SUBSTANCE: capacitors 6 of levelling column of cascade multiplier of voltages are wound around metal part 4 of sectional sleeve embracing zone of anode 7 of X-ray tube 3 and used as plate of capacitor 6 of this column connected to anode of tube 3. Capacitors 10 of increasing column are wound around dielectric part 5 of sectional sleeve in zone of cathode 9 of X-ray tube 3. Dielectric layers 12, 13 protruding beyond plates of capacitors 6, 10 are in turn overlapped in zone of interelectrode gap of X-ray tube 3. Diodes 14 of voltage multiplier are arranged between crossing layers 12, 13 of dielectric uniformly over circumference of sectional sleeve. Complex resistors 11 and resistors 8 are wound between adjacent layers 12, 13 of dielectric. Stability of radiation output and of directivity pattern are achieved thanks to exclusion of modulation of flux of electrons. EFFECT: enhanced stability of radiation output and diminished dimensions of generator. 2 dwg

Fluorescent lamp circuit for direct connection - has voltage multiplier giving DC voltage sufficient to deviate pre-heating

Abstract: The circuit has a voltage multiplier connected across an AC source (21) and provides a given DC voltage, which can be applied across the electrode of the fluorescent lamp (28). Pref. the voltage multiplier comprises a voltage doubler connected across a 100 volts, 50 hertz AC source (21) and providing 220 volts DC. It uses two diodes (10,12) and two capacitors 14,16), the diodes (10,12) are connected in parallel opposition and the capacitors (14,16) are connected in parallel. Each of the capacitors is connected to a respective diode (10,12). The source (21) is coupled on one side to each of the diodes (10,12) and on the other side to each of the capacitors (14,16). The two output nodes (22,24) between each capacitor (14,16) and the respective diodes (10,12) are coupled via a resistor (26) and to the respective lamp electrodes.

Spray gun with HV multiplier for electrostatic coating - has HF transmitter as isolator of oscillator connected directly to mains supply

Abstract: A spray gun has a voltage multiplier network to produce an electrostatic h.v. from the mains. It contains an oscillator supplied via a rectifier circuit. The output of the oscillator is linked to a h.f. transmitter (25). The voltage multiplier is linked to the latter via a cable. The transmitter functions as a main isolator. The oscillator (15) is connected to the mains without an intermediate transformer. The cable (27) linking the h.f. transformer to the spray gun produces a l.v. of the order of 10V. This voltage is then stepped up via another transformer (43) which feeds the multiplier network (40).

Gate supply for regulating transistor derived from vehicle battery - comprising voltage multiplier and limiter to provide constant potential source

Abstract: The regulating transistor is a MOS type power device. To provide the required constant and sufficiently high gate voltage a voltage multiplier is connected between the widely varying main power supply (U1) for the vehicle and the transistor gate. Typically the voltage multiplier circuit comprises an oscillator driving a switching transistor (11). The resulting chopped output is applied to a conventional diode and capacitor multiplier which terminates in a smoothing capacitor (21). The multiplier can be with advantage made as an integrated circuit of the n-channel MOS type, and thus be part of the regulating transistor chip. The oscillator may be one used in common with other circuits on the vehicle. The output voltage (U2) of the multiplier is normally regulated, for example by a Zener diode.

DC high voltage generator

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a DC voltage generator having favorable insulating measures and being easy to be inspected and maintained by a method wherein capacitor type step-up boosting circuits are accommodated in the DC high voltage generating device. CONSTITUTION:The capacitor type step-up boosting circuits 3, 3 are arranged right and left symmetrically at the end parts on both right and left sides of a variable control leakage transformer 2. The transformer 2 and the boosting circuits 3, 3 thereof are soldered to be fixed detachably freely on an insulating base board 5. Upper part terminals of positive voltage part and negative voltage part of the boosting circuits 3, 3 are connected to both positive and negative polarity terminals of a load L. The insulating base board 5 is inserted in concave grooves 5' provided on the side walls 7, 7 of an outside case 4, and is constituted as freely take in and out manner from the outside case 4. Accordingly inspection and maintenance of the high voltage circuit is facilitated, and insulation can be improved.