Adebayo Adedeji

TL;DR: Influenza-associated hospitalization rates were more than three times higher in developing countries than in industrialized countries (150/ 100,000 children/year versus 48/100,000); however, differences in hospitalization practices between settings are an important limitation in interpreting these findings.

TL;DR: Further strengthening influenza surveillance, along with conducting special studies on influenza burden, cost of illness, and role of other respiratory pathogens will help detect novel influenza viruses and inform and develop targeted influenza prevention policy decisions in the region.

TL;DR: Influenza viruses cause ILI and SARI in Nigeria, and among persons with ILI, A(H1N1)pdm09 was most frequently found in children aged 5-17 years, whereas among subjects with SARI, it was mostrequently found in persons aged ≥ 65 years.

TL;DR: Although ILI surveillance systems produced a robust number of samples during the study period, more could be done to strengthen surveillance among hospitalized SARI and ILI case-patients, as were a majority of those enrolled in surveillance.

TL;DR: This evaluation provides the first evidence for reliable combinations ofRTKs for HIV testing in Nigeria, however, these RTKs need further evaluation in the field (Phase II) to re-validate their performance.