Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques

Part I. Experimental Studies: 2. Experiment in psychology 3. Experiments on perceiving III Experiments on imaging 4-8. Experiments on remembering: (a) The method of description (b) The method of repeated reproduction (c) The method of picture writing (d) The method of serial reproduction (e) The method of serial reproduction picture material 9. Perceiving, recognizing, remembering 10. A theory of remembering 11. Images and their functions 12. Meaning Part II. Remembering as a Study in Social Psychology: 13. Social psychology 14. Social psychology and the matter of recall 15. Social psychology and the manner of recall 16. Conventionalism 17. The notion of a collective unconscious 18. The basis of social recall 19. A summary and some conclusions.

Remembering. A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology, Cambridge (University Press) 1964.

Attachment--and loss.

Sentiment analysis and opinion mining is the field of study that analyzes people's opinions, sentiments, evaluations, attitudes, and emotions from written language. It is one of the most active research areas in natural language processing and is also widely studied in data mining, Web mining, and text mining. In fact, this research has spread outside of computer science to the management sciences and social sciences due to its importance to business and society as a whole. The growing importance of sentiment analysis coincides with the growth of social media such as reviews, forum discussions, blogs, micro-blogs, Twitter, and social networks. For the first time in human history, we now have a huge volume of opinionated data recorded in digital form for analysis. Sentiment analysis systems are being applied in almost every business and social domain because opinions are central to almost all human activities and are key influencers of our behaviors. Our beliefs and perceptions of reality, and the choices we make, are largely conditioned on how others see and evaluate the world. For this reason, when we need to make a decision we often seek out the opinions of others. This is true not only for individuals but also for organizations. This book is a comprehensive introductory and survey text. It covers all important topics and the latest developments in the field with over 400 references. It is suitable for students, researchers and practitioners who are interested in social media analysis in general and sentiment analysis in particular. Lecturers can readily use it in class for courses on natural language processing, social media analysis, text mining, and data mining. Lecture slides are also available online.

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Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining

We are in the midst of a technological revolution whereby, for the first time, researchers can link daily word use to a broad array of real-world behaviors. This article reviews several computerized text analysis methods and describes how Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) was created and validated. LIWC is a transparent text analysis program that counts words in psychologically meaningful categories. Empirical results using LIWC demonstrate its ability to detect meaning in a wide variety of experimental settings, including to show attentional focus, emotionality, social relationships, thinking styles, and individual differences.

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The psychological meaning of words: LIWC and computerized text analysis methods

We examined a common, but understudied phenomenon: Assessing interviewees' truthfulness when they attempt to conceal their knowledge about another person We argue that this should be mentally taxing because truthful answers are activated automatically, and hence, need to be suppressed when liars conceal their knowledge Participants were shown three photographs of three females, only one of whom was known by the participants The participants were asked questions about each female depicted in the photograph Truth tellers were instructed to give the correct answers when discussing the female they know whereas liars were asked to conceal their knowledge about this female Independent observer ratings revealed that liars appeared to be thinking the hardest when discussing the female they know, whereas truth tellers appeared to be thinking the hardest when discussing the females they did not know Truth tellers looked the most at the photographs of the unknown females, whereas liars' gaze did not differ across photographs Finally, liars' answers about the female they know contained substantial truthful elements In summary, truth tellers' and liars' responses differed substantially and those different responses are valuable cues to detect deceit

Detecting concealed information about person recognition

When you think about an interrogation room, what do you picture? A small, dull, and anxiety-provoking room? You may be right; some interrogation rooms look like this. However, does the room really matter? Is it possible to influence the interviewee through the physical environment of the interrogation? We explore this topic by discussing the current scientific consensus regarding interrogation approaches, and summarize the available literature on how the physical environment influences the disclosure of information.

Improving the Disclosure of Information in an Investigative Interview : Rapport building and the Physical Environment

Becoming a victim of crime "forces" individuals to come to terms with the event and its consequences. Victimisations or stressors result in coping processes. Two dimensions are discernable, namely problem and emotion focused coping. The first concept refers to, either cognitive or behavioral, activities aimed at "eliminating" the stressor as such. A central question here is how to prevent a re-occurrence of the event. One could think of taking all sorts of preventive measures reducing the future likelihood of becoming a victim again of this event or something similar. Emotion focused coping relates to activities aimed at controlling the emotional impact of the event, like feelings of fear and concern about crime or anger. Psychological distress is generally considered to be a central and dominant response to victimisations (Cook, Smith, & Harrell, 1987). Emotion focused coping is aimed at countering this. A central issue here thus is how to manage these emotions or how to reduce them to a psychologically tolerable level.

Coping with burglary: the effects of a police service on victims' emotional readjustment

Detecting of deception: cognitive load

Interviewees sometimes deliberately omit reporting some information. Such omission lies differ from other lies because all the information interviewees present may be entirely truthful. Truth tellers and lie tellers carried out a mission. Truth tellers reported the entire mission truthfully. Lie tellers were also entirely truthful but left out one element of the mission. In truth tellers' statements, only the parts that lie tellers were also asked to recall were analysed. Interviews were carried out via the Cognitive Credibility Assessment, Reality Interview, or standard interview protocol. Dependent variables were the details, complications and verifiable sources interviewees reported. A questionnaire measured three deception strategies: ‘Tell it all’, ‘keep it simple’ or ‘paying attention to demeanour’. Lie tellers reported fewer details, complications and verifiable sources than truth tellers and reporting these variables was negatively correlated with the ‘keep it simple’ and ‘demeanour’ strategies. The type of interview protocol did not affect the results. 

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/acp.4020

Aldert Vrij

Papers

Detecting concealed information about person recognition

Improving the Disclosure of Information in an Investigative Interview : Rapport building and the Physical Environment

Coping with burglary: the effects of a police service on victims' emotional readjustment

Detecting of deception: cognitive load

Interviewing to Detect Omission Lies