PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem, wherein it is impossible for an electronic content information provider to provide commercially secure and effective method, for a configurable general-purpose electronic commercial transaction/distribution control system. SOLUTION: In this system, having at least one protected processing environment for safely controlling at least one portion of decoding of digital information, a secure content distribution method comprises a process for encapsulating digital information in one or more digital containers; a process for encrypting at least a portion of digital information; a process for associating at least partially secure control information for managing interactions with encrypted digital information and/or digital container; a process for delivering one or more digital containers to a digital information user; and a process for using a protected processing environment, for safely controlling at least a portion of the decoding of the digital information. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a423264.pdf

Systems and Methods for Secure Transaction Management and Electronic Rights Protection

What will 5G be? What it will not be is an incremental advance on 4G. The previous four generations of cellular technology have each been a major paradigm shift that has broken backward compatibility. Indeed, 5G will need to be a paradigm shift that includes very high carrier frequencies with massive bandwidths, extreme base station and device densities, and unprecedented numbers of antennas. However, unlike the previous four generations, it will also be highly integrative: tying any new 5G air interface and spectrum together with LTE and WiFi to provide universal high-rate coverage and a seamless user experience. To support this, the core network will also have to reach unprecedented levels of flexibility and intelligence, spectrum regulation will need to be rethought and improved, and energy and cost efficiencies will become even more critical considerations. This paper discusses all of these topics, identifying key challenges for future research and preliminary 5G standardization activities, while providing a comprehensive overview of the current literature, and in particular of the papers appearing in this special issue.

What Will 5G Be

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Table Of Integrals Series And Products

It is shown that, particularly for terrestrial cellular telephony, the interference-suppression feature of CDMA (code division multiple access) can result in a many-fold increase in capacity over analog and even over competing digital techniques. A single-cell system, such as a hubbed satellite network, is addressed, and the basic expression for capacity is developed. The corresponding expressions for a multiple-cell system are derived. and the distribution on the number of users supportable per cell is determined. It is concluded that properly augmented and power-controlled multiple-cell CDMA promises a quantum increase in current cellular capacity. >

On the capacity of a cellular CDMA system

The vision of next generation 5G wireless communications lies in providing very high data rates (typically of Gbps order), extremely low latency, manifold increase in base station capacity, and significant improvement in users’ perceived quality of service (QoS), compared to current 4G LTE networks. Ever increasing proliferation of smart devices, introduction of new emerging multimedia applications, together with an exponential rise in wireless data (multimedia) demand and usage is already creating a significant burden on existing cellular networks. 5G wireless systems, with improved data rates, capacity, latency, and QoS are expected to be the panacea of most of the current cellular networks’ problems. In this survey, we make an exhaustive review of wireless evolution toward 5G networks. We first discuss the new architectural changes associated with the radio access network (RAN) design, including air interfaces, smart antennas, cloud and heterogeneous RAN. Subsequently, we make an in-depth survey of underlying novel mm-wave physical layer technologies, encompassing new channel model estimation, directional antenna design, beamforming algorithms, and massive MIMO technologies. Next, the details of MAC layer protocols and multiplexing schemes needed to efficiently support this new physical layer are discussed. We also look into the killer applications, considered as the major driving force behind 5G. In order to understand the improved user experience, we provide highlights of new QoS, QoE, and SON features associated with the 5G evolution. For alleviating the increased network energy consumption and operating expenditure, we make a detail review on energy awareness and cost efficiency. As understanding the current status of 5G implementation is important for its eventual commercialization, we also discuss relevant field trials, drive tests, and simulation experiments. Finally, we point out major existing research issues and identify possible future research directions.

Next Generation 5G Wireless Networks: A Comprehensive Survey

New innovations in multi-pulse speech coding for bit rates below 8 kb/s.

This paper presents a novel spectrally efficient relaying scheme for satellite broadcast networks, where two selective decode-and-forward (SDF) relays are employed to improve the performance of satellite-to-destination link. In the proposed scheme, the satellite continuously transmits the signal through an allocated satellite frequency-band. The relaying stations operate in the half-duplex mode, and share the same frequency band with the satellite to improve the spectral efficiency. A log-likelihood detector is employed at both relays and the destination to conduct joint signal detection and co-channel interference cancellation. Computer simulations are carried out to compare the proposed scheme with the conventional orthogonal-relaying scheme in various channel environments. It is shown that the proposed scheme improves by 50% spectral efficiency for loss of 1.5 – 5 dB in performance at the high-E b /N o range (≫ 15 dB) for the uncoded communication, and for loss of 0.7 – 1.2 dB in performance at the high-E b /N o range (≫ 12 dB) for the coded case, respectively.

A spectral efficient decode-and-forward relaying scheme for satellite broadcast networks

Results of Simultaneus Very Low Elevation Ku-Band Propagation Measurements at Two Sites in Southern England

S-HSDPA is a concept that modifies terrestrial HSDPA in order to increase the throughput for S-UMTS and SDMB systems. In this paper, we consider S-HSDPA transmitted signals from GEO satellites via the IMR channel to the UE. The IMR channel is a highly dispersive multipath fading channel, and for this reason, the orthogonality between spreading signatures is lost, resulting in a reduction of average achievable throughput. In order to improve the performance, we investigate the performance of a linear chip level equalizer introduced at the receiver side. The results presented here highlight the advantage of the low complexity CPICH NLMS equalizer in comparison to a conventional RAKE receiver. The CPICH NLMS equalizer successfully increases the throughput of the SHSDPA by retaining the signal orthogonality with a relatively small increase in computational complexity.

Chip Level Adaptive Equalization for Satellite High Speed Downlink Packet Access (S-HSDPA)

The aim of the paper is to present suitable mobility management and call routing protocols for a non-GEO based satellite personal communications network. These new protocols take into account the dynamic connectivity and power limitation of satellites. The impact of these protocols on a GSM integration scenario is highlighted and solutions proposed. Two future satellite constellations are used as examples in this paper; these are Globalstar and ICO-like systems.

Barry G. Evans

Papers

New innovations in multi-pulse speech coding for bit rates below 8 kb/s.

A spectral efficient decode-and-forward relaying scheme for satellite broadcast networks

Results of Simultaneus Very Low Elevation Ku-Band Propagation Measurements at Two Sites in Southern England

Chip Level Adaptive Equalization for Satellite High Speed Downlink Packet Access (S-HSDPA)

New mobility management and call routing protocols for dynamic satellite personal communication networks