Beate Ulbrich

TL;DR: In this article, an updated safety assessment of the food additive titanium dioxide (E 171) based on new relevant scientific evidence considered by the Panel to be reliable, including data obtained with TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) and data from an extended one-generation reproductive toxicity (EOGRT) study was presented.

TL;DR: This paper proposes to define relevant/significant exposure based on an endpoint-specific TTC approach, starting from a comparison of the tentative external exposure to the specific TTC, which can be followed by a refinement of exposure estimates and may culminate in the experimental determination of internal and target tissue exposure.

TL;DR: Findings are consistent with the conclusions of previous retrospective analyses conducted by RIVM, USEPA and PMRA and support adoption of the proposed OECD extended one-generation reproductive toxicity study protocol in regulatory risk assessment testing strategies.

TL;DR: Increased number of parameters analysed, increased statistical power and reduced animal use, provide strong further support for replacement of the classical two-generation reproductive toxicity study by the EOGRTS in regulatory reproductive toxicity assessment.

TL;DR: A combination of criteria for hazard identification with additional criteria of hazard characterisation allows prioritising and differentiating between substances with regard to their regulatory concern.