Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

Supported metal nanostructures are the most widely used type of heterogeneous catalyst in industrial processes. The size of metal particles is a key factor in determining the performance of such catalysts. In particular, because low-coordinated metal atoms often function as the catalytically active sites, the specific activity per metal atom usually increases with decreasing size of the metal particles. However, the surface free energy of metals increases significantly with decreasing particle size, promoting aggregation of small clusters. Using an appropriate support material that strongly interacts with the metal species prevents this aggregation, creating stable, finely dispersed metal clusters with a high catalytic activity, an approach industry has used for a long time. Nevertheless, practical supported metal catalysts are inhomogeneous and usually consist of a mixture of sizes from nanoparticles to subnanometer clusters. Such heterogeneity not only reduces the metal atom efficiency but also frequent...

Single-atom catalysts: a new frontier in heterogeneous catalysis.

Hollow micro-/nanostructures are of great interest in many current and emerging areas of technology. Perhaps the best-known example of the former is the use of fly-ash hollow particles generated from coal power plants as partial replacement for Portland cement, to produce concrete with enhanced strength and durability. This review is devoted to the progress made in the last decade in synthesis and applications of hollow micro-/nanostructures. We present a comprehensive overview of synthetic strategies for hollow structures. These strategies are broadly categorized into four themes, which include well-established approaches, such as conventional hard-templating and soft-templating methods, as well as newly emerging methods based on sacrificial templating and template-free synthesis. Success in each has inspired multiple variations that continue to drive the rapid evolution of the field. The Review therefore focuses on the fundamentals of each process, pointing out advantages and disadvantages where appropriate. Strategies for generating more complex hollow structures, such as rattle-type and nonspherical hollow structures, are also discussed. Applications of hollow structures in lithium batteries, catalysis and sensing, and biomedical applications are reviewed.

Hollow Micro-/Nanostructures: Synthesis and Applications**

As the field of nanomedicine emerges, there is a lag in research surrounding the topic of nanoparticle (NP) toxicity, particularly concerned with mechanisms of action. The continuous emergence of bacterial resistance has challenged the research community to develop novel antibiotic agents. Metal NPs are among the most promising of these because show strong antibacterial activity. This review summarizes and discusses proposed mechanisms of antibacterial action of different metal NPs. These mechanisms of bacterial killing include the production of reactive oxygen species, cation release, biomolecule damages, ATP depletion, and membrane interaction. Finally, a comprehensive analysis of the effects of NPs on the regulation of genes and proteins (transcriptomic and proteomic) profiles is discussed.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12951-017-0308-z.pdf

Metal nanoparticles: understanding the mechanisms behind antibacterial activity.

It is well known that urbanization and industrialization have resulted in the rapidly increasing emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are a major contributor to the formation of secondary pollutants (e.g., tropospheric ozone, PAN (peroxyacetyl nitrate), and secondary organic aerosols) and photochemical smog. The emission of these pollutants has led to a large decline in air quality in numerous regions around the world, which has ultimately led to concerns regarding their impact on human health and general well-being. Catalytic oxidation is regarded as one of the most promising strategies for VOC removal from industrial waste streams. This Review systematically documents the progresses and developments made in the understanding and design of heterogeneous catalysts for VOC oxidation over the past two decades. It addresses in detail how catalytic performance is often drastically affected by the pollutant sources and reaction conditions. It also highlights the primary routes for catalyst deactivation and discusses protocols for their subsequent reactivation. Kinetic models and proposed oxidation mechanisms for representative VOCs are also provided. Typical catalytic reactors and oxidizers for industrial VOC destruction are further discussed. We believe that this Review will provide a great foundation and reference point for future design and development in this field.

/pdf/recent-advances-in-the-catalytic-oxidation-of-volatile-zw2c35dbg7.pdf

Recent Advances in the Catalytic Oxidation of Volatile Organic Compounds: A Review Based on Pollutant Sorts and Sources.

Catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde over manganese oxides with different crystal structures

Novel cerium-tungsten mixed oxide catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of NO(x) with NH3.

Selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3 over a Ce/TiO2 catalyst

A comparative study of TiO2 supported noble metal catalysts for the oxidation of formaldehyde at room temperature

Monodisperse manganese oxide honeycomb and hollow nanospheres have been prepared facilely at room temperature by varying the molar ratio of KMnO4 and oleic acid. These new nanomaterials were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, TEM, and BET measurements. They had robust nanostructures and were stable even after ultrasonic treatment (40 kHz, 120 W) for 30 min. A plausible mechanism of the formation of manganese oxide nanostructures was proposed. The manganese oxide nanomaterials showed high catalytic activities for oxidative decomposition of formaldehyde at low temperatures. Complete conversion of formaldehyde to CO2 and H2O could be achieved, and harmful byproducts were not detected in effluent gases. The catalytic activity of manganese oxide hollow nanospheres was much higher than that of honeycomb nanospheres, although the surface area of the latter was nearly 2 times as high as that of the former. The mechanism of such morphology-dependent catalytic activity was discussed in detail. The catalytic activities...

Changbin Zhang

Papers

Catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde over manganese oxides with different crystal structures

Novel cerium-tungsten mixed oxide catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of NO(x) with NH3.

Selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3 over a Ce/TiO2 catalyst

A comparative study of TiO2 supported noble metal catalysts for the oxidation of formaldehyde at room temperature

Self-assembly of novel mesoporous manganese oxide nanostructures and their application in oxidative decomposition of formaldehyde