Showing papers by "Changhai Liang published in 2012"
TL;DR: Nickel-silicon intermetallics have been prepared by a direct silicification method using SiH4 as the silicon source as mentioned in this paper, and they have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, temperatureprogrammed reduction, temperature-programmed desorption, and CO chemisorption measurements.
Abstract: Nickel–silicon intermetallics have been prepared by a direct silicification method using SiH4 as the silicon source. The prepared nickel–silicon intermetallics were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, temperature-programmed reduction, temperature-programmed desorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and CO chemisorption measurements. The catalytic hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde and phenylacetylene over the nickel–silicon intermetallics was investigated. Nickel–silicon intermetallics presented much higher selectivity to the intermediate product (hydrocinnamaldehyde) than monometallic nickel catalyst, which may be attributed to the repulsive force between the electronegative silicon atoms in the nickel–silicon intermetallics and oxygen atoms in the C═O bond of cinnamaldehyde. In addition, nickel–silicon intermetallics showed excellent selectivity for the hydrogenation of phenylacetylene to styrene (ca. 93%) due to the strong modification of the electronic structure deri...
81 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the selective hydrogenation of naphthalene to tetralin has been conducted on Mo2C/AC prepared by microwave irradiation, and achieved a lasting high conversion with 100% selectivity up to 60 hours.
69 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method to obtain a very high surface area with Pd particles in size of 2-5 nm and used them as a heterogeneous catalyst for the Suzuki coupling reaction.
Abstract: The highly porous metal organic framework MOF-5 was loaded with the metal–organic compound [Pd(C3H5)(C5H5)] by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method. The inclusion compound [Pd(C3H5)(C5H5)]@MOF-5 was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. It was found that the host lattice of MOF-5 remained intact upon precursor insertion. The –C3H5 ligand in the precursor is easier to lose due to the interaction between palladium and the benzenedicarboxylate linker in MOF-5, providing a possible explanation for the irreversibility of the precursor adsorption. Pd nanoparticles of about 2–5 nm in size was formed inside the cavities of MOF-5 by hydrogenolysis of the inclusion compound [Pd(C3H5)(C5H5)]@MOF-5 at room temperature. N2 sorption of the obtained material confirmed that high surface area was retained. In the Suzuki coupling reaction the Pd@MOF-5 materials showed a good activity in the first catalytic run. However, the crystal structure of MOF-5 was completely destroyed during the following reaction runs, as confirmed by PXRD, which caused a big loss of the activity. The embedding of palladium nanoparticles into the metal organic framework MOF-5 has been successfully prepared by MOCVD method, and been used as catalyst for Suzuki reaction. The prepared Pd@MOF-5 had a very high BET surface area with Pd particles in size of 2–5 nm. The Pd@MOF-5 was used as a heterogeneous catalyst for the Suzuki coupling reaction and achieved a good activity.
67 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the Pt nanoparticles supported on the functionalized carbon nanotubes by oxidation treatment gave superior catalytic activity for the phenylacetylene hydrogenation, which was shown to be beneficial for the hydrogenation of styrene.
67 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the structural properties of Cu-Fe catalysts were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Mossbauer spectroscopy measurements, which indicated that a crystalline phase transformation from c-CuFe2O4 to t-C-CFO4 occurred when elevating the calcination temperature from 500 to 600 °C.
Abstract: The Cu–Fe catalysts with stoichiometric proportion (Cu/Fe molar ratio was 0.5) were prepared by an epoxide assisted route. The structural properties of Cu–Fe catalysts were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Mossbauer spectroscopy measurements. These results indicated that a crystalline phase transformation from c-CuFe2O4 to t-CuFe2O4 occurred when elevating the calcination temperature from 500 to 600 °C. The M–H plots exhibited that all Cu–Fe catalysts had ferromagnetic nature and the saturation magnetization values monotonously increased with increasing calcination temperature irrespective of the phases composition. The significant superparamagnetic behavior was observed in the results of magnetic and Mossbauer spectroscopy measurements. The H2 temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR) was also conducted for examining the reducibility of Cu–Fe catalysts. The catalytic performance of Cu–Fe catalysts was examined for the hydrogenolysis reaction of glycerol. It is found that the formation of spinel CuFe2O4 greatly enhances the hydrogenolysis activity. The highest glycerol conversion (47%) was obtained over CuFe-500 catalyst, while the selectivity of 1,2-propanediol was maintained at about 92% for all catalysts.
64 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the as-prepared Pt, Ru, Pt-Ru alloy, Ru@Pt, and Pt@Ru nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed on the CNTs.
Abstract: Deposition of Pt, Ru, Pt–Ru alloy, Ru@Pt, and Pt@Ru nanoparticles onto carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been achieved by chemical reduction of the corresponding RuCl3·3H2O and/or H2PtCl6·6H2O by ethylene glycol in the presence of NaOH. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, H2-temperature programmed reduction, H2-temperature programmed desorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Liquid-phase selective hydrogenation of phenylacetylene was used as a probe reaction to evaluate their catalytic performances. The as-prepared Pt, Ru, Pt–Ru alloy, Ru@Pt, and Pt@Ru nanoparticles fell in the range of 1.5–3.0 nm in diameter, and were uniformly dispersed on the CNTs. All the bimetallic catalysts displayed the characteristic diffraction peaks due to a Pt face-centered cubic structure, but the 2θ values were shifted to slightly higher ones, indicating the formation of alloy or core–shell structures. XPS analysis revealed that the catalysts c...
55 citations
TL;DR: In this article, ruthenium nanoparticles supported on non-functional carbon nanotubes (CNT) have been successfully synthesized by using a facile and solvent-free microwave-assisted thermolytic method.
54 citations
TL;DR: In this article, gas phase methods were applied for the oxygen and nitrogen functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by HNO3 vapor treatment at temperatures from 200 to 250 °C for 12 h up to 120 h.
Abstract: Gas-phase methods were applied for the oxygen and nitrogen functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The oxygen functionalization was performed by HNO3 vapor treatment at temperatures from 200 to 250 °C for 12 h up to 120 h. The oxygen-functionalized CNTs were used as the starting material for nitrogen functionalization through thermal treatment under NH3. The BET surface area increased after the treatment in HNO3 vapor, which also caused the weight loss due to carbon corrosion. The oxygen content increased with increasing treatment time but decreased with increasing temperature, as disclosed by elemental analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) results. The surface acidity increased with increasing treatment time as shown by TPD using NH3 as a probe molecule. As to nitrogen functionalization, the amount of nitrogen was correlated with the oxygen amount in the starting CNTs. A higher NH3 concentration caused a lower BET surface area due to car...
52 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the molar ratios of Cu to Cr, reaction time, reaction temperature, hydrogen pressure, and glycerol concentration were investigated as a function of reaction time and reaction temperature.
Abstract: In order to well understand reaction pathways of glycerol hydrogenolysis over Cu–Cr catalysts, hydrogenolysis of glycerol was investigated as a function of the molar ratios of Cu to Cr, reaction time, reaction temperature, hydrogen pressure, and glycerol concentration. The intermediates in glycerol hydrogenolysis were identified under Ar atmosphere or relatively mild condition. Hydrogenolysis of propanediols was also investigated for understanding the formation of propanols as by-products. The structure of Cu–Cr catalysts, prepared by an epoxide-assisted route, was determined by X-ray diffraction and scanning transmission electron microscopy. The high conversion of 85.9% and high selectivity toward 1,2-propylene glycol of 98.5% was achieved over the CuCr(4) catalyst in the hydrogenolysis of glycerol. As expected, extending reaction time, or elevating temperature and hydrogen pressure favored the conversion of glycerol. Interestingly, the conversion of glycerol and the selectivity to 1,2-propanediol increased with increasing the glycerol concentration at the same ratio of catalyst to glycerol. It was found that the hydrogenolysis of glycerol not only involved glycerol directly dehydrated and hydrogenated to 1,2-propanediol (DH route), but also involved glycerol dehydrogenation to glyceraldehyde, which was subsequently dehydrated and hydrogenated to 1,2-propanediol (DDH route), while 1,2-propanediol was further converted to propanol through H + transfer from alcohol compounds.
45 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a series of monometallic Pt and Pd and alloyed Pt-Pd catalysts (mole ratio of Pt/Pd = 1, 4, and 0.25) were prepared with silica-alumina as support.
Abstract: A series of monometallic Pt and Pd and alloyed Pt–Pd catalysts (mole ratio of Pt/Pd = 1, 4, and 0.25) were prepared with silica–alumina as support. CO chemisorption and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were applied to characterize the resulting samples. The performance of the catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) for benzofuran (BF) was evaluated in a fixed-bed flow reactor at 280 °C and 3.0 MPa. Only one major route was found for the reaction network of HDO of BF among the catalysts. First, BF was transformed to 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran with the hydrogenation at the heterocyclic ring, followed by further conversion to octahydrobenzofuran at the benzene ring. The main hydrocarbon products are ethylcyclohexane and methylcyclohexane. The silica–alumina-supported catalysts also showed significant cracking activities, with the observation of the production of methylcyclohexane. The activity and product selectivity of Pt, Pd, and bimetallic Pt–Pd catalysts with the influence of the weight time were investigated in detail...
40 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the structure of the core changed from cubic Fe to orthorhombic FeSi2 with increasing silicification temperatures from 350 to 550 °C, due to the dissolution of Si atoms into the iron lattice.
Abstract: Fe@SiO2 and FeSi2@SiO2 nanoparticles with core@shell structure have successfully been synthesized by direct silane silicification of Fe2O3 nanoparticles. The as-prepared samples were characterized by N2 physisorption, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, temperature programmed reduction of H2, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Mossbauer spectroscopy, and superconducting quantum interference magnetometry. It was found that the amorphous SiO2 shell was formed to protect the core against oxidation when the reduced Fe2O3 nanoparticles were silicified by silane. When the reduced Fe2O3 nanoparticles were exposed to air, a Fe2O3 layer was formed. The structure of the core changed from cubic Fe to orthorhombic FeSi2 with increasing silicification temperatures from 350 to 550 °C, due to the dissolution of Si atoms into the iron lattice. The magnetic characterization showed that all samples have ferromagnetic nature and the saturation magnetization values drastically decreased with increasing silicification temperature. This novel methodology can be applied to synthesis of Co@SiO2 and Ni@SiO2 with core@shell structure. The as-prepared Fe@SiO2 and FeSi2@SiO2 nanoparticles with core@shell structure can find applications in magnetically separable catalysts, biomedicines, and magnetically recording materials.
TL;DR: Preparation of highly active and excellent sulfur tolerant hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalysts is very important for the removal the sulfur from the sulfur containing compounds in petroleum.
Abstract: Preparation of highly active and excellent sulfur tolerant hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalysts is very important for the removal the sulfur from the sulfur containing compounds in petroleum. Herei...
TL;DR: In this paper, the gold nanoparticles supported on organic-inorganic hybrid silica have been successfully prepared through a novel and facile approach, and the results indicated Au nanoparticles were highly dispersed on silica with an average particles size 1.8± 0.5 µm.
Abstract: Highly dispersed gold nanoparticles supported on organic–inorganic hybrid silica have been successfully prepared through a novel and facile approach. In the process, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was hydrolyzed in HCHO aqueous solution to prepare silica with organic functional groups (–SiCH2CH2CH2NHCH2OH) formed through the reaction between –NH2 and HCHO, then the silica reacted with HAuCl4 in aqueous solution. Due to the reducibility of –SiCH2CH2CH2NHCH2OH, the gold precursor was in situ reduced on the silica. The materials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. The results indicated Au nanoparticles were highly dispersed on silica with an average particles size 1.8 ± 0.5 nm. The as-obtained Au/SiO2-org exhibited good catalytic activity and stability for liquid phase catalytic hydrogenation of aromatic nitro compounds with H2. Highly dispersed gold nanoparticles supported on organic-inorganic hybrid silica have been successfully prepared through a new facile approach. In the process, one-pot preparation of SiO2-org with –SiCH2CH2CH2NHCH2OH groups and in situ reduction of gold ions in aqueous solution to form gold nanoparticles on SiO2-org are performed. The as-obtained catalysts with Au particles in size of 1.8±0.5 nm show high activity and selectivity for hydrogenation of aromatic nitro-compounds.
TL;DR: In this article, the activated carbon supported noble metal Pt, Pd, and Pt-Pd catalysts were used in the deoxygenation of benzofuran. But the Pt catalyst was not observed to have the highest catalytic activity among all of the catalysts.
Abstract: Activated carbon supported Pt, Pd, and Pt–Pd catalysts have been successfully prepared by incipient wet impregnation with a hydrochloric solution of PdCl2 and PtCl4. Hydrodeoxygenation of benzofuran was used as a probe reaction to investigate their catalytic properties. The activated carbon supported Pt–Pd catalyst was confirmed to form Pt–Pd alloy by X-ray diffraction. All the catalysts were active in the hydrodeoxygenation of benzofuran. Pd catalyst did not only give higher hydrogenation activity, but also showed faster deoxygenation rate than the Pt catalyst. The Pt–Pd catalyst with the mole ratio of Pd/Pt = 4 showed the highest catalytic activity among all of the catalysts. 2-Ethylcyclohexanone, which was not observed over the sulfide catalysts, was detected as a new oxygen-containing intermediate in the hydrodeoxygenation of benzofuran over the activated carbon supported Pt, Pd, and Pt–Pd catalysts. A ketone/enol isomerization reaction route is proposed to happen over the activated carbon supported noble metal Pt, Pd, and Pt–Pd catalysts.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors showed that NiO (cubic) and NiSi (orthorhombic) are ferromagnetic at room temperature, and their saturation magnetization values change drastically with the increase of Si content.
Patent•
25 Jul 2012
TL;DR: In this article, a high-selectivity carbide catalyst for naphthalene hydrogenation reaction for preparing tetrahydronaphthalenes and a quick microwave preparation method was presented.
Abstract: The invention discloses high-selectivity carbide catalyst for naphthalene hydrogenation reaction for preparing tetrahydronaphthalene and a quick microwave preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of catalyst material application and preparation The method comprises the steps of: fully grinding complex compounds containing relevant metals and carriers, or supporting the complex compounds containing the relevant metals onto the surfaces of carriers through a solution impregnation method and conducting microwave pyrolysis in inert gas to form the supported carbide catalyst The invention provides the high-efficiency carbide catalyst with 100 percent selectivity aiming at the naphthalene hydrogenation reaction for preparing the tetrahydronaphthalene and a simple, convenient, quick, environmental-friendly and energy-saving preparation method thereof The prepared carbide particles are evenly dispersed on the carriers, so that the situation of surface carbon deposition is avoided The contradiction between high catalyst selectivity and high cost is successfully avoided, and therefore the high-selectivity carbide catalyst and the preparation method thereof have promising industrial application prospect
Patent•
28 Nov 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, a method of recycling a mother liquid obtained through the crystallization of a beta molecular sieve, and concentrating the mother liquid selectively, is described. And the method comprises the following steps of: recycling mother liquid, and then taking the treated mother liquid as one part of a Beta molecule sieve synthetic raw material; and then according to the synthesis proportion, replenishing fresh raw materials correspondingly, preparing and synthesizing a gel mixture of the beta molecule sieves for the synthesis next step, and recycling the molecular Sieve mother liquid in the way.
Abstract: The invention discloses a utilization method of a beta molecular sieve synthetic mother liquid, and relates to the technical field of molecular sieve synthesis. The method comprises the following steps of: recycling a mother liquid obtained through the crystallization of a beta molecular sieve, and concentrating the mother liquid selectively; then taking the treated mother liquid as one part of a beta molecule sieve synthetic raw material; and then according to the synthesis proportion, replenishing fresh raw materials correspondingly, preparing and synthesizing a gel mixture of the beta molecule sieve for the synthesis next step, and recycling the molecular sieve mother liquid in the way. The water ratio in the synthesis proportion of the beta molecular sieve is relatively wide, so the water containing amount requirement in the mother liquid is lowered, and the flexible adding and selective concentration of the mother liquid provide advantages for the recycling of the beta molecular sieve mother liquid. According to the utilization method of the beta molecular sieve synthetic mother liquid, on one hand, the utilization ratio of a template agent during the molecular sieve synthetic process can be improved, and the crystallization time at the next step of a great amount of beta molecular sieve micro crystals in the mother liquid is shortened, and on the other hand, the recycling of the mother liquid relieves the waste water pollution during the production process of the molecular sieve.
Patent•
13 Jun 2012
TL;DR: In this article, a method for preparing fuel from biological grease is presented. But the method is not suitable for use in the field of renewable energy. But it is shown that cleaning fuel having the same ingredients as a fuel refined from crude oil can be manufactured from a biological grease.
Abstract: The invention provides a method for preparing fuel from biological grease. The method comprises the following steps of: (a) carrying out catalysis cracking deoxidation reaction on biological grease with existence of a cracking deoxidation catalyst and a heating condition; (b) mixing products from the step (a) with hydrogen; and (c) carrying out catalysis hydrogenation deoxidation reaction on a mixture from the step (b) in a heating environment and the existence of hydrogenation deoxidation catalyst. According to the method of the invention, cleaning fuel having the same ingredients as a fuel refined from crude oil can be manufactured from biological grease.
Patent•
15 Aug 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for preparing high-grade resin by catalytic hydrogenation and belongs to the technical field of resinscantric hydrogenation is described by comprising the following steps of: taking load type noble metal palladium as a first section hydrogenation catalyst and taking framework nickel as a second-section hydrogenation catalytic catalyst; utilizing a two-section kettle type or a fixed bed continuous hydrogenation way to carry out hydrogenation reaction on the resin; and improving a resin color phase of the prepared hydrogenated resin to be water-white and have good heat
Abstract: The invention discloses a method for preparing high-grade resin by catalytic hydrogenation and belongs to the technical field of resin catalytic hydrogenation. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: taking load type noble metal palladium as a first-section hydrogenation catalyst and taking framework nickel as a second-section hydrogenation catalyst; utilizing a two-section kettle type or a fixed bed continuous hydrogenation way to carry out hydrogenation reaction on the resin; and improving a resin color phase of the prepared hydrogenated resin to be water-white and have good heat stability. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple process and high catalyst activity, improves the resin chromaticity, improves the heat stability, slightly reduces the softening temperature, and has good economic benefits and wide industrial application prospect.
Patent•
24 Oct 2012
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a method for preparing a fuel from biological oil using a catalytic cracking deoxidation reaction under heating in the presence of a cracking deoxyidation catalyst.
Abstract: The invention provides a novel method for preparing a fuel from biological oil. The method comprises the following steps: 1, allowing the biological oil to undergo a catalytic cracking deoxidation reaction under heating in the presence of a cracking deoxidation catalyst; 2, mixing products obtained in step 1 with hydrogen; and 3, allowing a mixture obtained in step 2 to undergo a catalytic hydrogenation deoxidation reaction under heating in the presence of a hydrogenation deoxidation catalyst. A clean fuel having components equivalent to components contained in fuels obtained through refining crude oil can be manufactured from a biological oil raw material through the method.
Patent•
21 Nov 2012
TL;DR: In this article, a resource utilization method for waste lubricating oil and belongs to the fields of environmental protection and energy technology is described. And the method is characterized in that the waste liveness oil is used as the raw material, is distilled and then is hydrofined to produce high-quality gasoline, diesel and base oil, and comprises the steps that waste liness oil is firstly distilled to obtain a fraction with the temperature lower than 500 DEG C and a fraction having the temperature higher than 500 deG C, then the fraction with lower than 0.
Abstract: The invention discloses a resource utilization method for waste lubricating oil and belongs to the fields of environmental protection and energy technology. The method is characterized in that the waste lubricating oil is used as the raw material, is distilled and then is hydrofined to produce high-quality gasoline, diesel and base oil, and comprises the steps that the waste lubricating oil is firstly distilled to obtain a fraction with the temperature lower than 500 DEG C and a fraction with the temperature higher than 500 DEG C, then the fraction with the temperature lower than 500 DEG C is reacted in a manner of hydrofining on a sulfide catalyst, a monoene compound is removed by monoolefine hydrostturation reaction, desulfuration, denitrification, deoxygenation and colloid removal are carried out to produce odorless high-quality mixed oil of the gasoline, the diesel and the base oil, and then the mixed oil is distilled to obtain distillate oil of the gasoline, the diesel and the base oil. The distilled fraction with the temperature higher than 500 DEG C is hydrofined after being reactively distilled. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple process, high catalyst activity and selectivity, and good economic benefits and industrial application prospects.
Patent•
19 Sep 2012
TL;DR: In this article, a method for utilizing coal tar to produce gasoline and diesel is described, which belongs to the technical field of a coal chemical industry and energy sources and is characterized by comprising the following steps of: distilling and separating the coal tar into slag oil and distilled oil; hydrogenating and refining the slagoil with the distilled oil by a sulfide catalyst after the coal oil is cracked by catalytic distillation; and distilling a reaction product to obtain high-quality gasoline or diesel fraction oil.
Abstract: The invention discloses a method for utilizing coal tar to produce gasoline and diesel and belongs to the technical field of a coal chemical industry and energy sources. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: distilling and separating the coal tar into slag oil and distilled oil; hydrogenating and refining the slag oil with the distilled oil by a sulfide catalyst after the slag oil is cracked by catalytic distillation; and distilling a reaction product to obtain high-quality gasoline and diesel fraction oil. A catalytic distillation catalyst and the sulfide catalyst are prepared by selecting a suitable carrier and an active component through a liquid phase method according to the composition and the performance of the coal tar. The method has the advantages of simple process and high catalyst activity and selectivity, provides a new path for utilizing the coal tar, and has good economic benefits and industrial application prospects.
Patent•
23 May 2012
TL;DR: In this article, an eggshell type Pd catalyst was prepared by a reaction deposition method, which belongs to the technical field of industrial catalysts, and the method comprises the following steps: adding a carrier into Pd metal salt solution; controlling the deposition of Pd on the surface of the carrier by a rapid reduction reaction; and carrying out filtering, washing as well as heating and drying in inert atmosphere to form a stable eggshell-type Pd catalysts.
Abstract: The invention discloses an eggshell type Pd catalyst prepared by a reaction deposition method, which belongs to the technical field of industrial catalysts. The method comprises the following steps: adding a carrier into Pd metal salt solution; controlling the deposition of Pd on the surface of the carrier by a rapid reduction reaction; and carrying out filtering, washing as well as heating and drying in inert atmosphere to form a stable eggshell type Pd catalyst. The eggshell type Pd catalyst has the advantages of simple process, controllable structure, low energy consumption process and thelike; Pd particles in the prepared eggshell type Pd catalyst are evenly distributed on the surface of the carrier, thus the eggshell type Pd catalyst reduces the consumption of noble metal Pd, effectively reduces the cost of the catalyst and has favorable industrial application prospect. The eggshell type Pd catalyst can be used for enyne hydrocarbon selective hydrogenation, cracking ethylene C9 fraction selective hydrogenation, olefin aldehyde selective hydrogenation, anthraquinone catalytic hydrogenation in H2O2 synthesis and other reactions.
TL;DR: In this paper, a series of Pd based nanocrystals were used to catalyze regioselective hydrogenation of p-phenylphenol (p-PP) to p-cyclohexyl phenol (CP).
Abstract: A series of Pd based nanocrystals were used to catalyze regioselective hydrogenation of p-phenylphenol (p-PP) to p-cyclohexylphenol (p-CP). The polar solvents such as THF, methanol and ethanol offered much higher selectivity to p-CP than nonpolar solvent. Concerning the effect of supports, the active carbon supported Pd nanocrystals show the best performance probably due to its hydrophobicity and high surface area. The best result with high selectivity (89.1 %) was obtained by using Pd/active carbon as catalyst when p-PP was 100 % converted.
Patent•
26 Dec 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for producing gasoline and diesel oil by mixing and refining plastic oil, coal tar, ethylene tar or tire oil is described, which belongs to the field fields of environmental protection and energy.
Abstract: The invention discloses a method for producing gasoline and diesel oil by mixing and refining plastic oil, coal tar, ethylene tar or tire oil, and belongs to the field fields of environmental protection and energy. The method is characterized in that the waste plastic oil and the coal tar, the ethylene tar or the tire oil are mixed in a ratio of 1:(0.1-1.1) to form a raw material, and the raw material is catalytically distilled and hydrofined into the high-quality gasoline and diesel oil; and the method comprises the following steps of: fractionating the raw oil into light components and heavy components at the temperature of 300 DEG C through a pre-fractionation tower, directly performing hydrofining reaction on the light components, performing catalytic distillation cracking on the heavy components, regulating the fraction proportion of the gasoline and the diesel oil to reduce the colloid content of the fraction, performing hydrofining reaction, reducing the sulfur and nitrogen content of the oil, regulating the octane value and the acid value, distilling the obtained distillate oil, and thus obtaining high-quality gasoline, diesel oil and the like. By the method, the conversion rate of balanced reaction and the selectivity of consecutive reaction are improved, the coking quantity is greatly reduced, the consumption is reduced, energy is saved, the service life of a catalyst is prolonged, the flow is simple and the investment is saved.
Patent•
12 Jun 2012TL;DR: In this article, a new method of producing fuel from biological oils and fats is provided, which comprises the following steps: (a) proceeding with a catalytic cracking-deoxygenation reaction for the biological oils under heating in the presence of a cracking deoxygenization catalyst; (b) mixing the product of step(a) with hydrogen gas; and (c) concluding the mixture from step(b) under heating with a HOG catalyst.
Abstract: A new method of producing fuel from biological oils and fats is provided, which comprises the following steps: (a) proceeding with a catalytic cracking-deoxygenation reaction for the biological oils and fats under heating in the presence of a cracking-deoxygenation catalyst; (b) mixing the product of step (a) with hydrogen gas; and (c) proceeding with a catalytic hydrodeoxygenation reaction for the mixture from step (b) under heating in the presence of a hydrodeoxygenation catalyst. By means of the method of the present invention, clean fuel produced by using biological oils and fats as raw materials is compatible with the fuel composition produced from crude oil refining.
TL;DR: In this paper, highdispersed noble metal nanoparticles (Au, Ag, Pd and Pt) supported on silica have been successfully prepared via reaction between modified silica and metal precursors in aqueous solutions.
Abstract: Highly-dispersed noble metal nanoparticles (Au, Ag, Pd and Pt) supported on silica have been successfully prepared via reaction between modified silica and metal precursors in aqueous solutions, and the modified silica was synthesised through a sol–gel process of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) with aqueous ammonia as condensation catalyst. The transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction results show that the noble metal particles are at nanoscale with good uniformity, and the diol species derived from 3-glycidoxypropyl groups of GPTMS are confirmed to serve as the reductants for metal precursors by solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. The combination of noble metal nanoparticles and organic groups retained on silica would make the materials possess some special properties.
Patent•
19 Sep 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for producing gasoline and diesel by waste rubber oil, which belongs to the field of the environment protection and energy technology, is described in which plastic oil is used as raw material and is distilled and subjected to hydrofining to produce the high-quality gasoline.
Abstract: The invention discloses a method for producing gasoline and diesel by waste rubber oil, which belongs to the field of the environment protection and energy technology The method adopts the process that plastic oil is used as raw material and is distilled and subjected to hydrofining to produce the high-quality gasoline and diesel The method is characterized in that the plastic oil is firstly distilled to obtain a fraction less than 300 DEG C and a fraction more than 300 DEG C; then, the fraction less than 300 DEG C is subjected to hydrofining reaction on sulfide catalyst; monoene compound is removed by monoolefine hydrosaturation reaction; high-quality gasoline and diesel mixed oil without peculiar smells is produced by desulfuration, denitrification and colloid removal production; the gasoline and diesel mixed oil is distilled again to obtain gasoline and diesel distillate oil; and when the fraction more than 300 DEG C is distilled, the fraction more than 300 DEG C is subjected to hydrofining or mixed with the plastic oil to react again after being subjected to reactive distillation The sulfide catalyst used by the method is prepared by that a proper carrier is chosen according to the composition and the performance of the cracking plastic oil with a liquid phase method The gasoline and diesel has the advantages of simple technology, high catalyst activity and selectivity and good economic benefit and industrial application prospect
Patent•
16 Dec 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for preparing fuel from bio-oil comprising of catalytic cracking deoxygenation of the bio oil, mixing hydrogen and products of the step (a), and performing a catalytic hydrodeoxygenization of the mixture of the steps (b) by using a hydrodeoxogenation catalyst under heat is presented.
Abstract: This invention provides a method for preparing fuel from bio-oil comprising: (a) performing a catalytic cracking deoxygenation of the bio-oil by using a cracking deoxygenation catalyst under heat; (b) mixing hydrogen and products of the step (a); and (c) performing a catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of the mixture of the step (b) by using a hydrodeoxygenation catalyst under heat. Accordingly, a bio-sourced clean fuel having components equivalent to the fuel from refining crude oil is prepared.
Patent•
12 Jun 2012