Frank E. Speizer

TL;DR: In this paper, the results from an ongoing study of outdoor air pollution and respiratory health of children living in six cities in the eastern and midwestern United States were reported, and the results showed that the frequency of cough was significantly associated with the average of 24-h mean concentrations of all three air pollutants during the year preceding the health examination.

TL;DR: It is suggested that long-term past use of estrogen replacement therapy is not related to risk of breast cancer but that current use may modestly increase risk.

TL;DR: COPD may be a risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes, and differences in the inflammation and cytokine profile between COPD and asthma might explain why COPD, but not asthma, is associated with increased risk of type 1 diabetes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of smoking history and current smoking behavior on the rate of loss of pulmonary function during adult life were analyzed by longitudinal methods to describe the effects on lung function.

TL;DR: A complete test of the hypothesis that lower respiratory infection in childhood is a risk factor for chronic air-flow obstruction in adulthood would require follow-up of study subjects from birth to adulthood with monitoring of respiratory infections and pulmonary function.