Offshore wind is a source of clean, renewable energy of great potential value to the power industry in the context of a low carbon society. Rapid development of offshore wind energy depends on a good understanding of technical issues related to offshore wind turbines, which is spurring ongoing research and development programmes. Foundations of offshore wind turbines present one of the main challenges in offshore wind turbine design. This paper reviews the present state of knowledge concerning geotechnical and structural issues affecting foundation types under consideration for the support structures of offshore wind turbines, and provides recommendations for future research and development.

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Foundations of offshore wind turbines: A review

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Advanced Soil Mechanics

Review of fundamental principles in modelling unsaturated soil behaviour

Vortex shedding suppression and wake control: A review

Numerical and experimental investigation of tip leakage vortex trajectory and dynamics in an axial flow pump

Transverse vortex-induced vibration of piggyback pipelines under the steady current was physically modeled in a water flume with a hydroelastic system. In each test, the reduced velocity was gradually increased from 0 to about 16, which covers the typical range of the reduced velocity for pipelines in the field condition. The effects of configuration parameters, including the spacing between the piggyback and the main pipe (G/D), the position angle of the piggyback to the main pipe (θ) and the mass ratio (m*) on the vibration amplitude and frequency are investigated. The critical reduced velocity for onset of VIV is also examined.

Transverse VIV Response of Piggyback Pipelines With Various Configurations in Ocean Current

Pile foundations for offshore wind turbines are subjected to large lateral loads. By mounting wings on the perimeter of regular monopiles, winged monopiles have shown better performance in resisting deformation under horizontal loading. However, the hazardous effect of local scour on the lateral bearing capacity of winged monopiles installed in the sandy seabed has not been systematically evaluated. In this study, a modified Mohr–Coulomb model considering the pre-peak hardening and post-peak softening behavior of dense sand is adopted to simulate laterally loaded winged monopiles in the locally scoured sandy seabed, using three-dimensional finite element analyses. The effect of local scour depth on the lateral capacity of winged monopiles is examined and explained by soil failure mechanisms. The enhancement of lateral capacity with wings attached to the monopile is demonstrated to be more effective than extending pile embedment length. The effects of the relative density of sand and the wing load orientation are also discussed. Finally, the wing efficiency is evaluated to determine the optimal configuration of winged monopiles.

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Lateral Bearing Capacity of a Hybrid Monopile: Combined Effects of Wing Configuration and Local Scour

Slip-line field solution for ultimate bearing capacity of a pipeline on clay soils

Editorial: Special issue on offshore structure–soil interaction

An analytical solution to the three-dimensional scattering and diffraction of plane SV-waves by a saturated hemispherical alluvial valley in elastic half-space is obtained by using Fourier-Bessel series expansion technique. The hemispherical alluvial valley with saturated soil deposits is simulated with Biot's dynamic theory for saturated porous media. The following conclusions based on numerical results can be drawn: (1) there are a significant differences in the seismic response simulation between the previous single-phase models and the present two-phase model; (2) the normalized displacements on the free surface of the alluvial valley depend mainly on the incident wave angles, the dimensionless frequency of the incident SV waves and the porosity of sediments; (3) with the increase of the incident angle, the displacement distributions become more complicated; and the displacements on the free surface of the alluvial valley increase as the porosity of sediments increases.

Fu-Ping Gao

Papers

Transverse VIV Response of Piggyback Pipelines With Various Configurations in Ocean Current

Lateral Bearing Capacity of a Hybrid Monopile: Combined Effects of Wing Configuration and Local Scour

Slip-line field solution for ultimate bearing capacity of a pipeline on clay soils

Editorial: Special issue on offshore structure–soil interaction

Seismic responses of a hemispherical alluvial valley to SV waves: a three-dimensional analytical approximation