https://sccn.ucsd.edu/eeglab/download/eeglab_jnm03.pdf

EEGLAB: an open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial EEG dynamics including independent component analysis.

THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain—3-Dimensional Proportional System: An Approach to Cerebral Imaging, J. Talairach, P. Tournoux. Georg Thieme Verlag, New York (1988), 122 pp., 130 figs. DM 268

I have developed "tennis elbow" from lugging this book around the past four weeks, but it is worth the pain, the effort, and the aspirin. It is also worth the (relatively speaking) bargain price. Including appendixes, this book contains 894 pages of text. The entire panorama of the neural sciences is surveyed and examined, and it is comprehensive in its scope, from genomes to social behaviors. The editors explicitly state that the book is designed as "an introductory text for students of biology, behavior, and medicine," but it is hard to imagine any audience, interested in any fragment of neuroscience at any level of sophistication, that would not enjoy this book. The editors have done a masterful job of weaving together the biologic, the behavioral, and the clinical sciences into a single tapestry in which everyone from the molecular biologist to the practicing psychiatrist can find and appreciate his or

Principles of Neural Science

Brain-computer interfaces for communication and control.

In this study, ten healthy subjects performed a reaction time task at 990 m and 2700 m in altitude. The subjects were instructed to perform a right hand index finger movement as fast as possible after a green light flashed (repeated 50 times). The corresponding electrocardiogram (ECG) and the electroencephalogram (EEG) were recorded. From the ECG heart rate and heart rate variability measures in the time and frequency domain were calculated. An event-related desynchronization/synchronization (ERD/ERS) analysis was performed with the EEG data. Finally, the EEG activity and the ECG parameters were correlated. The study showed that with the fast ascent to 2700 m the heart rate increased and the heart rate variability measures decreased. Furthermore it was shown for the first time that the beta ERS in the 14 to 18 Hz frequency range (post-movement beta ERS) was significantly reduced at high altitude. Very interesting also is the loss of correlation between EEG activity and cardiovascular measures during finger movement at high altitude

Effects of a fast cable car ascent on the autonomic and central nervous system assessed by EEG and ECG analysis

Heart rate responses induced by motor imagery were investigated in 4 subjects in a series of experiments with a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI). The goal of the BCI experiment was either to control a bar on a PC monitor or to move forward within a virtual environment (VE). In the first case all subjects displayed a HR decrease during motor imagery in the order of 2 – 5 %. The thought-based control of VE resulted in a heart rate increase in 2 subjects and a heart rate decrease in the other 2 subjects. The heart rate acceleration in the VE is interpreted as effect of mental effort and motivation.

Phasic heart rate response in virtual environments

I. Einleitung Zur Zeit gibt es bezüglich der Eigenschaften des EEG Signales zwei verschiedene Betrachtungsweisen. Entweder wird das EEG als zufälliges Rauschen interpretiert, oder man betrachtet es als Ausgangssignal eines nichtlinearen dynamischen Systems, das chaotisches Verhalten auftveist und durch einen deterministisch chaotischen Attraktor beschrieben werden kann [1]. Die Dynamik eines solchen Systems bzw. seine Freiheitsgrade können durch das Korrelationsintegral eines Signales dieses Systems beschrieben werden. Aus der Steigung des Korrelationsintegrales kann dann die Korrelationsdimension geschätzt werden [2,3]. Ein großes Problem bei der Bestimmung der Korrelationsdimension von EEG Signalen stellt allerdings das S/N Verhältnis der Signale dar. Daher muß besonderer Wert auf die Datenvorverarbeitung gelegt werden. Ein wichtiger Punkt dabei ist die Verbesserung des S/N Verhältnisses. Meistens sind lineare Filter ausreichend, um die Qualität der Daten zu verbessern. Aber speziell bei der Analyse mit chaostheoretischen Methoden (Bestimmung der Korrelationsdimension) kann durch lineare Filterung wichtige Information verlorengehen [4,5J. Um dieses Problem zu umgehen, wurde eine spezielle, nichtlineare Filtermethode entwickelt. Dieser Filteralgorithmus basiert auf einer nicht stationären Zustandsraummodellierung und nützt dabei die numerischen Vorteile der sogenannten Hauptkomponentenmethode mit Hilfe der Singulärwertezerlegung [5.61. Im speziellen wurden EEG Signale untersucht, bei denen ausgeprägte Rhythmen im 10 Hz Bereich (a und ) auftreten. Dabei ergaben sich nach der Filterung folgende Ergebnisse: Die Korrelationsdimension der und Rhythmen ist niedrig (zwischen 5 und 7). was durchaus auf chaotisches Verhalten hindeuten kann.

Chaos oder Rauschen in EEG Signalen - Eine chaostheoretische Untersuchung

An EMG system has been developed capable of doing an EMG analysis as well as providing diagnostic support with the aid of an integrated expert system. The goal of this EMG system is to reduce the time of examination and to increase the reliability of the diagnosis. In order to obtain many parameters from the EMG signal, different analysing methods capable of running in parallel are needed. The system has been realized with a transputer network. Thus it is possible to distribute the software components to different processors with high level of efficiency. For software development we use the operating system Helios. This makes it possible to use the standard I/O environment X-Windows.

[Al-assisted, transputer based EMG system--concept, components and initial results].

Zusammenfassung. Die multivariable Intensivüberwachung gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung. Am Beispiel von zwei komatösen Patienten (20jähriger Mann mit einem \"good recovery\" und 36-jährige Frau mit \"letalem outcome\" wird über den Einsatz eines neuen nichtinvasiven, computerunterstützten Langzeitmonitoringsystems berichtet. Schlüsselwörter: Multivariable Intens ivüberwachung, Koma, Hirntod, biologische Rhythmen.

Gert Pfurtscheller

Papers

Effects of a fast cable car ascent on the autonomic and central nervous system assessed by EEG and ECG analysis

Phasic heart rate response in virtual environments

Chaos oder Rauschen in EEG Signalen - Eine chaostheoretische Untersuchung

[Al-assisted, transputer based EMG system--concept, components and initial results].

Neue trends zur methodik der überwachung des intensivpatienten