Guang J. Zhang

TL;DR: In this paper, a simplified cumulus parameterization scheme, suitable for use in GCMs, is presented, based on a plume ensemble concept similar to that originally proposed by Arakawa and Schubert (1974).

TL;DR: The ability of eight climate models to simulate the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) is examined using diagnostics developed by the U.S. Climate Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR) Working Group as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, a global model evaluation project on vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) was coordinated to reduce deficiencies in representing the MJO in general circulation models.

TL;DR: Ship observations and ocean models indicate that heat export from the mixed layer of the western Pacific warm pool is small, but the inferred magnitude of this shortwave cloud forcing was large, implying that clouds reduce net solar radiation at the sea surface not only by reflecting a significant amount back to space, but also by trapping a large amount in the cloudy atmosphere.

TL;DR: In this paper, the Coupled Feedback Response Analysis Method (CFRAM) is applied to decompose the annual and zonal-mean vertical temperature response within a transient 1% yr−1 CO2 increase simulation of the NCAR Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4), into individual radiative and nonradiative climate feedback process contributions.