Jeffrey J. Goldberger

TL;DR: The evidence generally supports that consumption of up to 400 mg caffeine/day in healthy adults is not associated with overt, adverse cardiovascular effects, behavioral effects, reproductive and developmental effects, acute effects, or bone status and a shift in caffeine research to focus on characterizing effects in sensitive populations is supported.

TL;DR: Screening for residual cardiac involvement in the convalescent phase for patients recovered from COVID-19 associated cardiac injury is needed, and the type of testing, and therapies for post CO VID-19 myocardial dysfunction will need to be determined.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the current state of understanding of human cardiac neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, pathophysiology in specific disease conditions, autonomic testing, risk stratification, and neuromodulatory strategies to mitigate the progression of cardiovascular diseases.

TL;DR: Methods to predict a higher or lower risk of sudden death include the detection of myocardial fibrosis, microvolt T-wave alternans, and genetic testing, which are expected to be integrated into the existing algorithm to form a more sensitive, specific, and cost-effective approach to the selection of patients with DCM for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation.

TL;DR: Further efforts are required to develop optimal approaches to delineate cardiac autonomic dysfunction and its adverse effects to develop tools that can be used to guide clinical decision-making.