Joachim R. Kalden

TL;DR: Infliximab was well-tolerated; withdrawals for adverse events as well as the occurrence of serious adverse events or serious infections did not exceed those in the placebo group.

TL;DR: The combination of etanercept and methotrexate was significantly better in reduction of disease activity, improvement of functional disability, and retardation of radiographic progression compared with methotRexate or etanorcept alone.

TL;DR: The results provide the first good evidence that specific cytokine blockade can be effective in human inflammatory disease and define a new direction for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

TL;DR: The presence of apoptotic cells during monocyte activation increases their secretion of the anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) and decreases secretion ofthe proinflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1 and IL-12, which may inhibit inflammation and contribute to impaired cell-mediated immunity in conditions associated with increased apoptosis.

TL;DR: Multiple infusions of cA2 were effective and well tolerated, with the best results occurring at 3 and 10 mg/kg either alone or in combination with MTX in approximately 60% of patients with active RA despite therapy with low-dose MTX.