Justin A Roby

TL;DR: It is reported that exogenous IL-1β induces interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) activation in human myeloid, fibroblast, and epithelial cells, with important implications for cGAS-STING in integrating inflammatory and microbial cues for host defense.

TL;DR: In this paper, a subgenomic flavivirus RNA (sfRNA) derived from the 3' untranslated region (UTR) was found to be a product of incomplete degradation of genomic RNA by the cell 5'−3' exoribonuclease XRN1 which stalls at highly ordered secondary RNA structures at the beginning of the 3"UTR. sfRNA is involved in modulating multiple cellular pathways to facilitate viral pathogenicity; however the overlying mechanism linking all these multiple functions of sf RNA remains to be elucidated.

TL;DR: Attenuation of fetal neurogenic output demonstrates potentially considerable teratogenic effects of congenital ZIKV infection even without microcephaly, and suggests that all children exposed to ZikV in utero should receive long-term monitoring for neurocognitive deficits, regardless of head size at birth.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors summarize published data from studies with WNV, YFV, DENV, JEV, and Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV) on sfRNA production following incomplete degradation of the viral genomic RNA by the cellular 5′-3′ exoribonuclease 1 (XRN1), RNA structural elements involved in stalling XRN1 to generate sfRNs, and functions of sf RNA in modulating cellular mRNA decay and RNAi pathways as well as in modifying anti-viral type I

TL;DR: The insights gained from research into post-translational regulation of structural proteins are beginning to be applied in the rational design of improved flavivirus vaccine candidates and make attractive targets for the development of novel therapeutics.