Probability Distributions.- Linear Models for Regression.- Linear Models for Classification.- Neural Networks.- Kernel Methods.- Sparse Kernel Machines.- Graphical Models.- Mixture Models and EM.- Approximate Inference.- Sampling Methods.- Continuous Latent Variables.- Sequential Data.- Combining Models.

Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning

Part I. Experimental Studies: 2. Experiment in psychology 3. Experiments on perceiving III Experiments on imaging 4-8. Experiments on remembering: (a) The method of description (b) The method of repeated reproduction (c) The method of picture writing (d) The method of serial reproduction (e) The method of serial reproduction picture material 9. Perceiving, recognizing, remembering 10. A theory of remembering 11. Images and their functions 12. Meaning Part II. Remembering as a Study in Social Psychology: 13. Social psychology 14. Social psychology and the matter of recall 15. Social psychology and the manner of recall 16. Conventionalism 17. The notion of a collective unconscious 18. The basis of social recall 19. A summary and some conclusions.

Remembering. A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology, Cambridge (University Press) 1964.

The European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020 is the update of similar evidence based position papers published in 2005 and 2007 and 2012. The core objective of the EPOS2020 guideline is to provide revised, up-to-date and clear evidence-based recommendations and integrated care pathways in ARS and CRS. EPOS2020 provides an update on the literature published and studies undertaken in the eight years since the EPOS2012 position paper was published and addresses areas not extensively covered in EPOS2012 such as paediatric CRS and sinus surgery. EPOS2020 also involves new stakeholders, including pharmacists and patients, and addresses new target users who have become more involved in the management and treatment of rhinosinusitis since the publication of the last EPOS document, including pharmacists, nurses, specialised care givers and indeed patients themselves, who employ increasing self-management of their condition using over the counter treatments. The document provides suggestions for future research in this area and offers updated guidance for definitions and outcome measurements in research in different settings. EPOS2020 contains chapters on definitions and classification where we have defined a large number of terms and indicated preferred terms. A new classification of CRS into primary and secondary CRS and further division into localized and diffuse disease, based on anatomic distribution is proposed. There are extensive chapters on epidemiology and predisposing factors, inflammatory mechanisms, (differential) diagnosis of facial pain, allergic rhinitis, genetics, cystic fibrosis, aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease, immunodeficiencies, allergic fungal rhinosinusitis and the relationship between upper and lower airways. The chapters on paediatric acute and chronic rhinosinusitis are totally rewritten. All available evidence for the management of acute rhinosinusitis and chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps in adults and children is systematically reviewed and integrated care pathways based on the evidence are proposed. Despite considerable increases in the amount of quality publications in recent years, a large number of practical clinical questions remain. It was agreed that the best way to address these was to conduct a Delphi exercise . The results have been integrated into the respective sections. Last but not least, advice for patients and pharmacists and a new list of research needs are included. The full document can be downloaded for free on the website of this journal: http://www.rhinologyjournal.com.

/pdf/european-position-paper-on-rhinosinusitis-and-nasal-polyps-mj734vsl7p.pdf

European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020

Transfer learning aims at improving the performance of target learners on target domains by transferring the knowledge contained in different but related source domains. In this way, the dependence on a large number of target-domain data can be reduced for constructing target learners. Due to the wide application prospects, transfer learning has become a popular and promising area in machine learning. Although there are already some valuable and impressive surveys on transfer learning, these surveys introduce approaches in a relatively isolated way and lack the recent advances in transfer learning. Due to the rapid expansion of the transfer learning area, it is both necessary and challenging to comprehensively review the relevant studies. This survey attempts to connect and systematize the existing transfer learning research studies, as well as to summarize and interpret the mechanisms and the strategies of transfer learning in a comprehensive way, which may help readers have a better understanding of the current research status and ideas. Unlike previous surveys, this survey article reviews more than 40 representative transfer learning approaches, especially homogeneous transfer learning approaches, from the perspectives of data and model. The applications of transfer learning are also briefly introduced. In order to show the performance of different transfer learning models, over 20 representative transfer learning models are used for experiments. The models are performed on three different data sets, that is, Amazon Reviews, Reuters-21578, and Office-31, and the experimental results demonstrate the importance of selecting appropriate transfer learning models for different applications in practice.

A Comprehensive Survey on Transfer Learning

Independent Component Analysis.

In this paper, we describe a method for multichannel noisy speech recognition that can adapt to various in-car noise situations during driving. Our proposed technique enables us to estimate the log spectrum of speech at a close-talking microphone based on the multiple regression of the log spectra (MRLS) of noisy signals captured by a set of distributed microphones. Through clustering of the spatial noise distributions under various driving conditions, the regression weights for MRLS are effectively adapted to the driving conditions. The experimental evaluation shows an average error rate reduction of 43 % in isolated word recognition under 15 different driving conditions.

In-car Speech Recognition Using Distributed Microphones

Patterns of failure after salvage chemoradiotherapy for postoperative loco-regional recurrent esophageal cancer: 20-year experience in a single institution in Japan

Retrospective analysis of local recurrence pattern by computed tomography image-guided intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer in a single Japanese institution.

骨蝋は骨面からの出血に対する止血素材としてよく用いられているが,稀ではあるものの慢性炎症や骨治癒 阻害などの合併症も見られることがある。今回,開頭術後,十数年の経過を経て前頭洞炎を発症したと思われ る2例を経験した。両症例ともに病変はCTでは軟部陰影の中に低吸収域で,またMRIではT1強調画像,T2強 調画像いずれも無信号ないし低信号で描出され,副鼻腔内病変として非典型的な所見を呈していた。一例は手 術記録が不詳であったため骨蝋の同定は困難であったが,一例では骨蝋の使用についての記載が認められた。 いずれに対しても診断,および症状改善のために手術を行った。一例は前頭洞手術(Draf type III)を施行し, 病変部より排膿を認め,内部には骨蝋を疑う黄白色の異物残留を認めた。残る一例はDraf 2bで前頭洞を開放し たところ,膿貯留を認めず,骨蝋残留を認めた。いずれの症例でも術後は再発なく,良好な経過をたどった。 過去の報告によれば,骨蝋は骨治癒阻害と細菌クリアランス低下により,十数年に渡って慢性炎症が遷延する とされる。そのため,開頭術後など骨蝋使用の経過があるか予想される症例では,異物性の炎症や膿瘍形成を 鑑別にあげ,症状によっては手術による骨蝋除去を行う必要がある。

https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jjrhi/57/4/57_616/_pdf

Two Cases of Foreign Body Frontal Sinusitis due to Filling with Bone Wax after Craniotomy

In order to address a learning effect of the Spoken Dialogue System (SDS), we carried out field experiments using SDS of music retrieval for long periods and analyzed sequential shifts of the system performance and the users’ utterances. Experimental results revealed that the user of SDS changed the strategy of dialogue with the system during the learning process. Analysis of the questionnaire suggested that the user changed the evaluation of SDS according to the learning experience. The leaning effect of SDS is known a priori, however, our results displayed a new form of the learning effect. We discussed that it may be taken into consideration to evaluate SDS users as well as the system.

Kazuya Takeda

Papers

In-car Speech Recognition Using Distributed Microphones

Patterns of failure after salvage chemoradiotherapy for postoperative loco-regional recurrent esophageal cancer: 20-year experience in a single institution in Japan

Retrospective analysis of local recurrence pattern by computed tomography image-guided intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer in a single Japanese institution.

Two Cases of Foreign Body Frontal Sinusitis due to Filling with Bone Wax after Craniotomy

Preliminary Study of a Learning Effect on Users to Develop a New Evaluation of the Spoken Dialogue System