The talk with present the key results of the IPCC Working Group III 5th assessment report. Concluding four years of intense scientific collaboration by hundreds of authors from around the world, the report responds to the request of the world's governments for a comprehensive, objective and policy neutral assessment of the current scientific knowledge on mitigating climate change. The report has been extensively reviewed by experts and governments to ensure quality and comprehensiveness.

Climate change 2014 - Mitigation of climate change

Climate change 2014 - Synthesis Report

Terrestrial net primary production (NPP) quantifies the amount of atmospheric carbon fixed by plants and accumulated as biomass. Previous studies have shown that climate constraints were relaxing with increasing temperature and solar radiation, allowing an upward trend in NPP from 1982 through 1999. The past decade (2000 to 2009) has been the warmest since instrumental measurements began, which could imply continued increases in NPP; however, our estimates suggest a reduction in the global NPP of 0.55 petagrams of carbon. Large-scale droughts have reduced regional NPP, and a drying trend in the Southern Hemisphere has decreased NPP in that area, counteracting the increased NPP over the Northern Hemisphere. A continued decline in NPP would not only weaken the terrestrial carbon sink, but it would also intensify future competition between food demand and proposed biofuel production.

Drought-Induced Reduction in Global Terrestrial Net Primary Production from 2000 Through 2009

INTRODUCTION: The copy number and in- tracellular localization of RNA are important regulators of gene expression. Measurement of these properties at the transcriptome scale in single cells will give answers to many ques- tions related to gene expression and regulation. Single-molecule RNA imaging approaches, such as single-molecule fluorescence in situ hybrid- ization(smFISH), are powerful toolsforcount- ing and mappingRNA; however, the number of RNA species that can be simultaneously im- aged in individual cells has been limited. This makes it challenging to perform transcriptomic analysis of single cells in a spatially resolved manner. Here, we report multiplexed error- robust FISH (MERFISH), a single-molecule im- aging method that allows thousands of RNA species to be imaged in single cells by using combinatorial FISH labeling with encoding schemes capable of detecting and/or correct- ing errors. RATIONALE: We labeled each cellular RNA with a set of encoding probes, which contain targeting sequences that bind the RNA and readout sequences that bind fluorescently la- beled readout probes. Each RNA species is encodedwithaparticular combinationofread- out sequences. We used successive rounds of hybridization and imaging, each with a differ- ent readout probe, to identify the readout se- quences bound to each RNA and to decode the RNA. In principle, combinatorial labeling al- lows the number of detectable RNA species to

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/348/6233/aaa6090.full.pdf

Spatially resolved, highly multiplexed RNA profiling in single cells

Statistics and Data Analysis in Geology

A rice tubulin tyrosine ligase like 12 regulates phospholipase D activity and tubulin synthesis.

A novel twisted bud mutant from Ziziphus jujubaMill. ‘Dongzao’

Online social networks are now common place in day-to-day lives. They are also increasingly used to drive social action initiatives, either led by government or communities themselves. However, such initiatives are mainly used for crowd sourcing community views or coordinating activities. In this paper we present the iPlay platform that combines social media with toy sharing concepts to empower communities to discuss and realize community resource sharing. We designed the systems to assist people in communities to share locally relevant information. It mainly includes idle toys, public facilities, public spaces, children's activities, etc. It involves mobile app, to record, store and share media, and users can transfer media by their cell-phones. This system talks about the positive significance of social media in community design. By community design and information sharing widen information access, the approach drives a shift towards large-scale engagement of community stakeholders for community Involvement. 

IPlay: Towards Social Media for Community-Design Design

An effective approach to detect stepping-stone intrusion (SSI) is to estimate the length of a connection chain. This type of detection method is referred to as the network-based SSI detection (SSID). Previously known network-based approaches for SSID either do not work effectively in the Internet environment, or are inefficient as they require a large number of packets to be captured and analyzed, or have limited performance as the length of a connection chain must be predetermined. None of these existing methods to detect SSI can be used to estimate the length of upstream connection sub-chain, which has been a long-standing and challenging open problem in this research area. In this paper, we develop effective network-based methods for SSID using packet crossover that can be used to estimate the length of a downstream sub-chain as well as that of an upstream sub-chain. Since the number of packet crossovers can be easily calculated, our proposed algorithms for SSID are easy to use and implement. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that can effectively estimate the length of the whole connection chain, including the upstream sub-chain. Rigorous technical proofs and well-designed network experiments are provided to verify the correctness and effectiveness of our proposed algorithms for SSID.

/pdf/stepping-stone-intrusion-detection-via-estimating-numbers-of-2r4hyre6.pdf

Stepping-Stone Intrusion Detection via Estimating Numbers of Upstream and Downstream Connections using Packet Crossover

Most fog detection from space cannot differentiate fog and low stratus clouds, and cannot estimate fog deposition. This study assessed the feasibility of using spaceborne lidar observations from the Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) in fog detection and estimation. We tested the method in the central Namib Desert, Namibia, where frequent fog events occur and fog observations are available. Results showed the CALIPSO backscatter signal at 532 nm can differentiate low clouds and fog due to its high‐resolution vertical profiles. Backscatter signals during fog events were significantly higher than those during non‐fog periods. The R2 between backscatter signals and fog observations was 0.85. Moreover, the backscatter signal was also sensitive to relative humidity variation (R2 = 0.66). These results indicate that the CALIPSO data are feasible to estimate fog occurrence and deposition, providing a new perspective for space‐based fog studies.

Lixin Wang

Papers

A rice tubulin tyrosine ligase like 12 regulates phospholipase D activity and tubulin synthesis.

A novel twisted bud mutant from Ziziphus jujubaMill. ‘Dongzao’

IPlay: Towards Social Media for Community-Design Design

Stepping-Stone Intrusion Detection via Estimating Numbers of Upstream and Downstream Connections using Packet Crossover

Fog Detection and Estimation Using CALIPSO Lidar Observations