다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain—3-Dimensional Proportional System: An Approach to Cerebral Imaging, J. Talairach, P. Tournoux. Georg Thieme Verlag, New York (1988), 122 pp., 130 figs. DM 268

New evidence and consensus has led to further revision of the McDonald Criteria for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. The use of imaging for demonstration of dissemination of central nervous system lesions in space and time has been simplified, and in some circumstances dissemination in space and time can be established by a single scan. These revisions simplify the Criteria, preserve their diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, address their applicability across populations, and may allow earlier diagnosis and more uniform and widespread use.

/pdf/diagnostic-criteria-for-multiple-sclerosis-2010-revisions-to-24iph50480.pdf

Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 Revisions to the McDonald criteria

I have developed "tennis elbow" from lugging this book around the past four weeks, but it is worth the pain, the effort, and the aspirin. It is also worth the (relatively speaking) bargain price. Including appendixes, this book contains 894 pages of text. The entire panorama of the neural sciences is surveyed and examined, and it is comprehensive in its scope, from genomes to social behaviors. The editors explicitly state that the book is designed as "an introductory text for students of biology, behavior, and medicine," but it is hard to imagine any audience, interested in any fragment of neuroscience at any level of sophistication, that would not enjoy this book. The editors have done a masterful job of weaving together the biologic, the behavioral, and the clinical sciences into a single tapestry in which everyone from the molecular biologist to the practicing psychiatrist can find and appreciate his or

Principles of Neural Science

Erratum: Default-mode network dysfunction and cognitive impairment in progressive MS (Neurology (2010) 74 (1252-1259))

Regional white matter and gray matter damage and cognitive performances in multiple sclerosis according to sex

OBJECTIVE: To assess the patterns of global and regional hippocampal volume (HV) changes in paediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, and their correlations with clinical, neuropsychological and MRI metrics.
 BACKGROUND: Hippocampal demyelination and neurodegeneration occur early in MS.
 DESIGN/METHODS: From 53 paediatric MS patients and 18 healthy controls (HC), brain dual-echo and 3DT1-weighted images were acquired. Global HV was computed using a manual tracing procedure. Regional HV changes were assessed using a radial mapping analysis. Patients with abnormal performance in 蠅2 tests of the Brief Neuropsychological Battery for Children were classified as cognitively impaired (CI). Global and regional HV changes were compared between groups and correlated with disease duration, EDSS, BRBC tests scores, T2- and T1-lesion volume (LV), normalized brain (NBV), gray matter (GMV) and white matter volumes (WMV).
 RESULTS: Global HV was reduced, bilaterally, in patients versus HC (p<0.001), but not significantly correlated with clinical and MRI measures. In patients, radial atrophy affected the cornu Ammonis (CA1), subiculum and dentate gyrus (DG) subfields of both hippocampi, mostly on the right side (p<0.001). Radial hypetrophy of the DG subfield was found in both hippocampi, mostly on the left side. Significant correlations were found between regional HV changes and clinical and MRI metrics. Twenty-one (39.6%) patients were CI. Global HV did not differ between CI versus CP MS patients. Compared to CP patients, CI ones had areas of radial atrophy of the subiculum and DG subfields of the right hippocampus (p<0.001). Significant correlations were found between regional HV changes and memory, attention and language abilities.
 CONCLUSIONS: Hippocampal subregions have a different vulnerability to MS-related damage, possibly reflecting differential susceptibility to inflammatory insults and neurodegenerative processes of the hippocampal subfields. These results support the feasibility of MR-based radial mapping for the development of reliable markers of disease progression in MS.
 Study Supported by: a grant from Italian Ministry of Health (GR-2009-1529671) Disclosure: Dr. Morelli has nothing to disclose. Dr. Rocca has received personal compensation for activities with Biogen Idec and Serono Symposia International Foundation. Dr. Pagani has nothing to disclose. Dr. Moiola has received personal compensation for activities with Sanofi-Aventis Pharmaceuticals Inc., and Biogen Idec., Dr. Ghezzi has received personal compensation for activities with Merck Serono, Teva Neuroscience, Biogen Idec, Bayer Schering, Novartis, and Actelion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Falini has nothing to disclose. Dr. Comi has received personal compensation for activities with Sanofi-Aventis Pharmaceuticals Inc., Novartis, Merck Serono, Biogen Idec, Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corp., Teva Neuroscience, and Actellion. Dr. Filippi has received personal compensation for activities with Teva Neuroscience and Genmab AS as a member of scientific advisory boards, and Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corp. as a consultant. Dr. Filippi has received research support from Bayer Schering, Biogen Idec, Genmab AS, Merck Serono, Teva Neuroscience, the Italian Ministry of Health, and the Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Mult.

Regional Hippocampal Involvement in Paediatric Multiple Sclerosis: A Radial Mapping MR Study (P2.336)

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a heterogeneous group of inflammatory, demyelinating and antibody-mediated diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). The anti-aquaporin-4-IgG (AQP4-IgG) seems to be the pathogenetic agent, being present in the large majority of patients, although seronegative forms can occur. Clinical manifestations include core features, such as myelitis, optic neuritis, and area postrema syndrome, possibly associated with collateral symptoms like pain, dystonic movements, and pruritus. Diagnosis is based on both clinical presentation and anti-AQP4-IgG testing. MRI features provide supportive elements in seronegative patients. The most effective therapy in acute attacks is plasma exchange, whereas multiple drugs are used for chronic maintenance (azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, rituximab and eculizumab).

Maria A. Rocca

Papers

Erratum: Default-mode network dysfunction and cognitive impairment in progressive MS (Neurology (2010) 74 (1252-1259))

Regional white matter and gray matter damage and cognitive performances in multiple sclerosis according to sex

Regional Hippocampal Involvement in Paediatric Multiple Sclerosis: A Radial Mapping MR Study (P2.336)

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders

Toward a better understanding of cerebral plasticity in multiple sclerosis.