Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: A review

Supplementary cementitious materials

Heavy metal removal from aqueous solution by advanced carbon nanotubes: Critical review of adsorption applications

The capture and use of carbon dioxide to create valuable products might lower the net costs of reducing emissions or removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Here we review ten pathways for the utilization of carbon dioxide. Pathways that involve chemicals, fuels and microalgae might reduce emissions of carbon dioxide but have limited potential for its removal, whereas pathways that involve construction materials can both utilize and remove carbon dioxide. Land-based pathways can increase agricultural output and remove carbon dioxide. Our assessment suggests that each pathway could scale to over 0.5 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide utilization annually. However, barriers to implementation remain substantial and resource constraints prevent the simultaneous deployment of all pathways. Ten pathways for the utilization of carbon dioxide are reviewed, considering their potential scale, economics and barriers to implementation.

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The technological and economic prospects for CO2 utilization and removal

Remediation technologies for heavy metal contaminated groundwater.

Immobilisation of heavy metal in cement-based solidification/stabilisation: a review.

Assessment of the pozzolanic activity of cement replacement materials is increasingly important because of the need for more sustainable cementitious products. The pozzolanic activity of metakaolin, silica fume, coal fly ash, incinerated sewage sludge ash and sand have been compared using the Frattini test, the saturated lime test and the strength activity index test. There was significant correlation between the strength activity index test and the Frattini test results, but the results from these tests did not correlate with the saturated lime test results. The mass ratio of Ca(OH)2 to test pozzolan is an important parameter. In the Frattini test and strength activity index test the ratio is approximately 1:1, whereas in the saturated lime test the ratio is 0.15:1. This explains why the saturated lime test shows higher removal of Ca(OH)2 and why the results from this test do not correlate with the other test methods.

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Mark Tyrer

Papers

Immobilisation of heavy metal in cement-based solidification/stabilisation: a review.

Comparison of test methods to assess pozzolanic activity

Precipitation of heavy metals from wastewater using simulated flue gas: sequent additions of fly ash, lime and carbon dioxide.

Disposal of water treatment wastes containing arsenic - a review.

Synergy between surface adsorption and photocatalysis during degradation of humic acid on TiO2/activated carbon composites.