TOPICAL REVIEW: Applications of magnetic nanoparticles in biomedicine

The physical principles underlying some current biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles are reviewed. Starting from well-known basic concepts, and drawing on examples from biology and biomedicine, the relevant physics of magnetic materials and their responses to applied magnetic fields are surveyed. The way these properties are controlled and used is illustrated with reference to (i) magnetic separation of labelled cells and other biological entities; (ii) therapeutic drug, gene and radionuclide delivery; (iii) radio frequency methods for the catabolism of tumours via hyperthermia; and (iv) contrast enhancement agents for magnetic resonance imaging applications. Future prospects are also discussed.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0022-3727/36/13/201/pdf

Applications of magnetic nanoparticles in biomedicine

Biocompatibility, Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications L. Harivardhan Reddy,†,‡ Jose ́ L. Arias, Julien Nicolas,† and Patrick Couvreur*,† †Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie, Pharmacotechnie et Biopharmacie, Universite ́ Paris-Sud XI, UMR CNRS 8612, Faculte ́ de Pharmacie, IFR 141, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Cleḿent, F-92296 Chat̂enay-Malabry, France Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmaceútica, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain ‡Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Sanofi, 13 Quai Jules Guesdes, F-94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France

Magnetic nanoparticles: design and characterization, toxicity and biocompatibility, pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.

http://pharmaquest.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/4/2/9942916/superparamagnetic_iron_oxide_nanoparticles_spions.pdf

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs): Development, surface modification and applications in chemotherapy

Proteins, through their unique and specific interactions with other macromolecules and inorganics, control structures and functions of all biological hard and soft tissues in organisms. Molecular biomimetics is an emerging field in which hybrid technologies are developed by using the tools of molecular biology and nanotechnology. Taking lessons from biology, polypeptides can now be genetically engineered to specifically bind to selected inorganic compounds for applications in nano- and biotechnology. This review discusses combinatorial biological protocols, that is, bacterial cell surface and phage-display technologies, in the selection of short sequences that have affinity to (noble) metals, semiconducting oxides and other technological compounds. These genetically engineered proteins for inorganics (GEPIs) can be used in the assembly of functional nanostructures. Based on the three fundamental principles of molecular recognition, self-assembly and DNA manipulation, we highlight successful uses of GEPI in nanotechnology.

/pdf/molecular-biomimetics-nanotechnology-through-biology-3l16jci9jq.pdf

Molecular biomimetics: nanotechnology through biology

Silica-magnetite nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Nucleic Acid Separation Potential

μB. The properties of magnetic fluids are well controlled by external magnetic field. In this review we want to discuss briefly history of magnetic fluids, their basic properties, technical applications such as sealing, floatation, loudspeaker, inclinometer, power transformer and biomedical applications such as magnetic drug targeting, magnetic resonance imaging, biomagnetic separation and hypethermia. The main results of the technical and biomedical applications research in our Institute will be presented.

Magnetic fluids and their technical and biomedical applications

The development of electric breakdown in magnetic fluids (MFs) has been analyzed. MFs have been consisted of magnetic particles (Fe3O4) of nanometric size, coated with oleic acid as a surfactant, dispersed in transformer oil. The electro9physical processes, which appear at action of the DC and AC electric field and constant magnetic field on MFs, were observed. These processes have effect on electric breakdown.

/pdf/dc-and-ac-dielectric-properties-transformer-oil-based-2m1pgavav5.pdf

DC and AC dielectric properties transformer oil based magnetic fluid

The structural instabilities in ferronematics based on different types of liquid crystals, exposed to electric or magnetic fields oriented perpendicular (Fredericksz transition) and parallel to the initial director, were studied within the Burylov and Raikher's theory. Using the capacitance measurements the critical electric (magnetic) fields E F N (B F N ), corresponding to the Fredericksz transition, and fields E m a x , (B m a x ,), at which the initial perpendicularity between director n and magnetic moment m breaks-down in field parallel to the initial director, were found. These values were then used for the estimation of the surface density of the anchoring energy W of liquid crystal molecules on the magnetic particle surface.

http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/9286/1/IJEMS%2011%284%29%20271-275.pdf

Structural transitions in thermotropic ferronematics

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening condition characterized by the rapid onset of lung inflammation Therefore, monitoring the spatial distribution of the drug directly administered to heterogeneously damaged lungs is desirable. In this work, we focus on optimizing the drug N-acetylcysteine (NAC) adsorption on poly-l-lysine-modified magnetic nanoparticles (PLLMNPs) to monitor the drug spatial distribution in the lungs using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. The physicochemical characterizations of the samples were conducted in terms of morphology, particle size distributions, surface charge, and magnetic properties followed by the thermogravimetric quantification of NAC coating and cytotoxicity experiments. The sample with the theoretical NAC loading concentration of 0.25 mg/mL was selected as an optimum due to the hydrodynamic nanoparticle size of 154 nm, the surface charge of +32 mV, good stability, and no cytotoxicity. Finally, MRI relaxometry confirmed the suitability of the sample to study the spatial distribution of the drug in vivo using MRI protocols. We showed the prevailing transverse relaxation with high transverse relaxivity values and a high r2(*)/r1 ratio, causing visible hypointensity in the final MRI signal. Furthermore, NAC adsorption significantly affects the relaxation properties of PLLMNPs, which can help monitor drug release in vitro/in vivo.

Martina Koneracka

Papers

Silica-magnetite nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Nucleic Acid Separation Potential

Magnetic fluids and their technical and biomedical applications

DC and AC dielectric properties transformer oil based magnetic fluid

Structural transitions in thermotropic ferronematics

N-Acetylcysteine-Loaded Magnetic Nanoparticles for Magnetic Resonance Imaging