Mary V. Solanto

TL;DR: The DSM-IV ADHD subtypes provide a convenient clinical shorthand to describe the functional and behavioral correlates of current levels of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms, but do not identify discrete subgroups with sufficient long-term stability to justify the classification of distinct forms of the disorder.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors integrate results of basic and clinical research with stimulants in order to enhance understanding of the neuropharmacological mechanisms of therapeutic action of these drugs, and they find that the facilitative effects of stimulants on locomotor activity, reinforcement processes, and rate-dependency are mediated by dopaminergic effects at the nucleus accumbens, whereas effects on delayed responding and working memory were mediated by noradrenergic afferents from the locus coeruleus (LC) to prefrontal cortex (PFC).

TL;DR: This study compared the ecological validity of the Stop Signal Task (SST) and Choice-Delay Task (C-DT) measure of delay aversion with their correlations with classroom observations and with ratings of impulsivity and other core AD/HD symptoms on the Conners and SNAP-IV checklists.

TL;DR: The evidence for involvement of dopamine in mediating behavioral and cognitive symptoms and response to stimulants in ADHD is reviewed, with implications for possible mechanisms.

TL;DR: Depressed dopamine activity in caudate and preliminary evidence in limbic regions in adults with ADHD that was associated with inattention and with enhanced reinforcing responses to intravenous methylphenidate suggest that dopamine dysfunction is involved with symptoms of inatt attention but may also contribute to substance abuse comorbidity in ADHD.