Prospective Cohort Study

25. Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys. By D. B. Rubin. ISBN 0 471 08705 X. Wiley, Chichester, 1987. 258 pp. £30.25.

Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys

Much has been written about theory and practice in the law, and the tension between practitioners and theorists. Judges do not cite theoretical articles often; they rarely "apply" theories to particular cases. These arguments are not revisited. Instead the Essay explores the working and interaction of theory and practice, practitioners and theorists. The Essay starts with a story about solving a legal issue using our intellectual tools - theory, practice, and their progenies: experience and "gut." Next the Essay elaborates on the nature of theory, practice, experience and "gut." The third part of the Essay discusses theories that are helpful to practitioners and those that are less helpful. The Essay concludes that practitioners theorize, and theorists practice. They use these intellectual tools differently because the goals and orientations of theorists and practitioners, and the constraints under which they act, differ. Theory, practice, experience and "gut" help us think, remember, decide and create. They complement each other like the two sides of the same coin: distinct but inseparable.

Of Theory and Practice

Definition: To what extent does the study allow us to draw conclusions about a causal effect between two or more constructs? Issues: Selection, maturation, history, mortality, testing, regression towrd the mean, selection by maturation, treatment by mortality, treatment by testing, measured treatment variables Increase: Eliminate the threats, above all do experimental manipulations, random assignment, and counterbalancing.

Reliability and validity

저작근 근전도에 관한 정상교합자와 ii급 부정교합자의 비교 연구

Verkehrslärm - Wirkungen auf Schlaf und Leistung. Ergebnisbericht des Virtuellen Instituts "Transportation Noise - Effects on Sleep and Performance" (VINESH)

Integration neuerer Erkenntnisse in einen Novellierungsansatz für eine Fluglärmschutzverordnung

Stören Kirchenglocken unseren Schlaf? : eine Untersuchung der Auswirkungen nächtlicher Kirchenglockenschläge auf die Bevölkerung

Integration of sleep need and fatigue mitigation into human systems operation.

INTRODUCTION Astronauts on the International Space Station (ISS) must manage the stressors of space flight, which can include working at a high level for long periods, experiencing altered sleep, and coping with a range of physical and psychological reactions to living in microgravity. Because exploration spaceflight will require missions even longer than the current 6-month stays on ISS, there is a need to identify whether the chronic effects of stressors across time in mission produce cumulative or escalating behavioral and biomedical risks for astronauts. Recent findings from the Mars 500 analog study of isolation and confinement for 17 months indicated that time in mission was associated with cumulative increases in adverse neurobehavioral responses [1] and stress in some individuals [2]. To inform the question of the whether time in mission in microgravity is associated with increasing stress, we analyzed astronauts' ratings of their stress levels, and other indications of negative neurobehavioral reactions, as a function of time in mission during 6-month stays on ISS.

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Mathias Basner

Papers

Verkehrslärm - Wirkungen auf Schlaf und Leistung. Ergebnisbericht des Virtuellen Instituts "Transportation Noise - Effects on Sleep and Performance" (VINESH)

Integration neuerer Erkenntnisse in einen Novellierungsansatz für eine Fluglärmschutzverordnung

Stören Kirchenglocken unseren Schlaf? : eine Untersuchung der Auswirkungen nächtlicher Kirchenglockenschläge auf die Bevölkerung

Integration of sleep need and fatigue mitigation into human systems operation.

Effects of time in mission: iss astronauts ratings of stress