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Table Of Integrals Series And Products

The vision of next generation 5G wireless communications lies in providing very high data rates (typically of Gbps order), extremely low latency, manifold increase in base station capacity, and significant improvement in users’ perceived quality of service (QoS), compared to current 4G LTE networks. Ever increasing proliferation of smart devices, introduction of new emerging multimedia applications, together with an exponential rise in wireless data (multimedia) demand and usage is already creating a significant burden on existing cellular networks. 5G wireless systems, with improved data rates, capacity, latency, and QoS are expected to be the panacea of most of the current cellular networks’ problems. In this survey, we make an exhaustive review of wireless evolution toward 5G networks. We first discuss the new architectural changes associated with the radio access network (RAN) design, including air interfaces, smart antennas, cloud and heterogeneous RAN. Subsequently, we make an in-depth survey of underlying novel mm-wave physical layer technologies, encompassing new channel model estimation, directional antenna design, beamforming algorithms, and massive MIMO technologies. Next, the details of MAC layer protocols and multiplexing schemes needed to efficiently support this new physical layer are discussed. We also look into the killer applications, considered as the major driving force behind 5G. In order to understand the improved user experience, we provide highlights of new QoS, QoE, and SON features associated with the 5G evolution. For alleviating the increased network energy consumption and operating expenditure, we make a detail review on energy awareness and cost efficiency. As understanding the current status of 5G implementation is important for its eventual commercialization, we also discuss relevant field trials, drive tests, and simulation experiments. Finally, we point out major existing research issues and identify possible future research directions.

Next Generation 5G Wireless Networks: A Comprehensive Survey

Stable non-Gaussian random processes , by G. Samorodnitsky and M. S. Taqqu. Pp. 632. £49.50. 1994. ISBN 0-412-05171-0 (Chapman and Hall).

In the near future, i.e., beyond 4G, some of the prime objectives or demands that need to be addressed are increased capacity, improved data rate, decreased latency, and better quality of service. To meet these demands, drastic improvements need to be made in cellular network architecture. This paper presents the results of a detailed survey on the fifth generation (5G) cellular network architecture and some of the key emerging technologies that are helpful in improving the architecture and meeting the demands of users. In this detailed survey, the prime focus is on the 5G cellular network architecture, massive multiple input multiple output technology, and device-to-device communication (D2D). Along with this, some of the emerging technologies that are addressed in this paper include interference management, spectrum sharing with cognitive radio, ultra-dense networks, multi-radio access technology association, full duplex radios, millimeter wave solutions for 5G cellular networks, and cloud technologies for 5G radio access networks and software defined networks. In this paper, a general probable 5G cellular network architecture is proposed, which shows that D2D, small cell access points, network cloud, and the Internet of Things can be a part of 5G cellular network architecture. A detailed survey is included regarding current research projects being conducted in different countries by research groups and institutions that are working on 5G technologies.

A Survey of 5G Network: Architecture and Emerging Technologies

Incorporating cloud computing into heterogeneous networks, the heterogeneous cloud radio access network (H-CRAN) has been proposed as a promising paradigm to enhance both spectral and energy efficiencies. Developing interference suppression strategies is critical for suppressing the inter-tier interference between remote radio heads (RRHs) and a macro base station (MBS) in H-CRANs. In this paper, inter-tier interference suppression techniques are considered in the contexts of collaborative processing and cooperative radio resource allocation (CRRA). In particular, interference collaboration (IC) and beamforming (BF) are proposed to suppress the inter-tier interference, and their corresponding performance is evaluated. Closed-form expressions for the overall outage probabilities, system capacities, and average bit error rates under these two schemes are derived. Furthermore, IC and BF based CRRA optimization models are presented to maximize the RRH-accessed users' sum rates via power allocation, which is solved with convex optimization. Simulation results demonstrate that the derived expressions for these performance metrics for IC and BF are accurate; and the relative performance between IC and BF schemes depends on system parameters, such as the number of antennas at the MBS, the number of RRHs, and the target signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio threshold. Furthermore, it is seen that the sum rates of IC and BF schemes increase almost linearly with the transmit power threshold under the proposed CRRA optimization solution.

Inter-tier Interference Suppression in Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Networks

The invention provides a marginal hierarchical social relation perception method. A semi-supervised algorithm is decomposed into N+1 parallel subtasks to be allocated to the centralized server and theN F-APs for training and prediction for the centralized server and N fog computing access points (F-AP) of a fog wireless access network based on the integrated semi-supervised algorithm by using multiple classification and regression tree (CART) models for parallel training and prediction so as to reduce the computing burden of the centralized server. The position information required for socialrelation perception is acquired from the F-APs and the conversation record information is acquired from the centralized server. The centralized server and the N F-APs perform parallel computing so that the time overhead can be reduced; and the centralized server and the N F-APs only require to perform information interaction of small data volume with no requirement for uploading all the originaldata to the centralized server so that the burden of the pre-transmission link can be reduced.

Marginal hierarchical social relation perception method

To support the rapid development of multimedia services under the Internet of Things (IoT), fog radio access network (F-RAN) has become an emerging architecture in the 5G era. In this paper, content caching in a cloud and fog heterogeneous cooperative manner for F-RAN is investigated. More specifically, we jointly consider cache placement and file transmission in F-RAN, where fog access points (F-APs) serving as collaborative caching agents to provide caching for popular files, thus reducing the traffic from cloud and improving content delivery efficiency. A file download latency minimization problem subject to the storage capacities of F-APs is formulated. A distributed learning algorithm based on a swarm collaboration framework, i.e., stigmergy which enables an F-AP to expand its influence to other F-APs is proposed to improve caching resource utilization. In addition, a double-masking protocol is proposed to guarantee the security of F-APs' locations during stigmergy learning. Extensive simulations are conducted to show the effectiveness and reliability of our proposed scheme.

A Stigmergy Learning Approach at the Edge: Securely Cooperative Caching for Fog Radio Access Networks

Nested lattice code is a practical technique to approach the Shannon capacity upper bound. However, the performance of compute-and-forward (CF) relaying is blocked by the channel output residuals that the decoding process of nested lattice codeword cannot remove completely. In this paper, an interference truncation scheme is designed for CF relaying in multiple access channels to minimize the channel residual caused by lattice decoding, where the scalars and coefficient vectors are configured to optimize the computation rate. The key idea is to improve the performance by introducing a recovered linear combination of codewords into the decoding process at the destination with proper scaling. The proposal harnesses the received message to reduce the impact of effective noise, which in traditional CF is determined by that equations are computed out directly from received messages. The analysis and numerical results demonstrate that the achievable computation rate of the proposed scheme outperforms the traditional scheme, and the impacts of asymmetric transmit power settings are studied as well.

Interference Truncation for Compute-and-Forward Relaying in Multiple Access Channels

Due to the imperfection of transmitter and receiver, Adjacent Channel Interference (ACI) can't be completely avoided when two systems share the adjacent frequency band. This paper investigates the impact of ACI between TD-SCDMA and TD-HSDPA systems operating in macro cell. In stimulation, smart antenna technology is employed and its performance is investigated. Furthermore, the key technologies, Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) and Hybrid-Auto Repeat Request (HARQ) of TD-HSDPA, are taken into account to analyze the capacity loss in different interference scenarios. Finally, results and conclusions are given, and we give some useful suggestions for two systems coexisting deployment based on our results.

Mugen Peng

Papers

Inter-tier Interference Suppression in Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Networks

Marginal hierarchical social relation perception method

A Stigmergy Learning Approach at the Edge: Securely Cooperative Caching for Fog Radio Access Networks

Interference Truncation for Compute-and-Forward Relaying in Multiple Access Channels

Performance evaluation on coexistence of TD-SCDMA and TD-HSDPA systems