There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

Statistics for Spatial Data.

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Table Of Integrals Series And Products

Preface 1. Decision-Theoretic Foundations 1.1 Game Theory, Rationality, and Intelligence 1.2 Basic Concepts of Decision Theory 1.3 Axioms 1.4 The Expected-Utility Maximization Theorem 1.5 Equivalent Representations 1.6 Bayesian Conditional-Probability Systems 1.7 Limitations of the Bayesian Model 1.8 Domination 1.9 Proofs of the Domination Theorems Exercises 2. Basic Models 2.1 Games in Extensive Form 2.2 Strategic Form and the Normal Representation 2.3 Equivalence of Strategic-Form Games 2.4 Reduced Normal Representations 2.5 Elimination of Dominated Strategies 2.6 Multiagent Representations 2.7 Common Knowledge 2.8 Bayesian Games 2.9 Modeling Games with Incomplete Information Exercises 3. Equilibria of Strategic-Form Games 3.1 Domination and Ratonalizability 3.2 Nash Equilibrium 3.3 Computing Nash Equilibria 3.4 Significance of Nash Equilibria 3.5 The Focal-Point Effect 3.6 The Decision-Analytic Approach to Games 3.7 Evolution. Resistance. and Risk Dominance 3.8 Two-Person Zero-Sum Games 3.9 Bayesian Equilibria 3.10 Purification of Randomized Strategies in Equilibria 3.11 Auctions 3.12 Proof of Existence of Equilibrium 3.13 Infinite Strategy Sets Exercises 4. Sequential Equilibria of Extensive-Form Games 4.1 Mixed Strategies and Behavioral Strategies 4.2 Equilibria in Behavioral Strategies 4.3 Sequential Rationality at Information States with Positive Probability 4.4 Consistent Beliefs and Sequential Rationality at All Information States 4.5 Computing Sequential Equilibria 4.6 Subgame-Perfect Equilibria 4.7 Games with Perfect Information 4.8 Adding Chance Events with Small Probability 4.9 Forward Induction 4.10 Voting and Binary Agendas 4.11 Technical Proofs Exercises 5. Refinements of Equilibrium in Strategic Form 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Perfect Equilibria 5.3 Existence of Perfect and Sequential Equilibria 5.4 Proper Equilibria 5.5 Persistent Equilibria 5.6 Stable Sets 01 Equilibria 5.7 Generic Properties 5.8 Conclusions Exercises 6. Games with Communication 6.1 Contracts and Correlated Strategies 6.2 Correlated Equilibria 6.3 Bayesian Games with Communication 6.4 Bayesian Collective-Choice Problems and Bayesian Bargaining Problems 6.5 Trading Problems with Linear Utility 6.6 General Participation Constraints for Bayesian Games with Contracts 6.7 Sender-Receiver Games 6.8 Acceptable and Predominant Correlated Equilibria 6.9 Communication in Extensive-Form and Multistage Games Exercises Bibliographic Note 7. Repeated Games 7.1 The Repeated Prisoners Dilemma 7.2 A General Model of Repeated Garnet 7.3 Stationary Equilibria of Repeated Games with Complete State Information and Discounting 7.4 Repeated Games with Standard Information: Examples 7.5 General Feasibility Theorems for Standard Repeated Games 7.6 Finitely Repeated Games and the Role of Initial Doubt 7.7 Imperfect Observability of Moves 7.8 Repeated Wines in Large Decentralized Groups 7.9 Repeated Games with Incomplete Information 7.10 Continuous Time 7.11 Evolutionary Simulation of Repeated Games Exercises 8. Bargaining and Cooperation in Two-Person Games 8.1 Noncooperative Foundations of Cooperative Game Theory 8.2 Two-Person Bargaining Problems and the Nash Bargaining Solution 8.3 Interpersonal Comparisons of Weighted Utility 8.4 Transferable Utility 8.5 Rational Threats 8.6 Other Bargaining Solutions 8.7 An Alternating-Offer Bargaining Game 8.8 An Alternating-Offer Game with Incomplete Information 8.9 A Discrete Alternating-Offer Game 8.10 Renegotiation Exercises 9. Coalitions in Cooperative Games 9.1 Introduction to Coalitional Analysis 9.2 Characteristic Functions with Transferable Utility 9.3 The Core 9.4 The Shapkey Value 9.5 Values with Cooperation Structures 9.6 Other Solution Concepts 9.7 Colational Games with Nontransferable Utility 9.8 Cores without Transferable Utility 9.9 Values without Transferable Utility Exercises Bibliographic Note 10. Cooperation under Uncertainty 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Concepts of Efficiency 10.3 An Example 10.4 Ex Post Inefficiency and Subsequent Oilers 10.5 Computing Incentive-Efficient Mechanisms 10.6 Inscrutability and Durability 10.7 Mechanism Selection by an Informed Principal 10.8 Neutral Bargaining Solutions 10.9 Dynamic Matching Processes with Incomplete Information Exercises Bibliography Index

博弈论 : 矛盾冲突分析 = Game theory : analysis of conflict

It is shown that, particularly for terrestrial cellular telephony, the interference-suppression feature of CDMA (code division multiple access) can result in a many-fold increase in capacity over analog and even over competing digital techniques. A single-cell system, such as a hubbed satellite network, is addressed, and the basic expression for capacity is developed. The corresponding expressions for a multiple-cell system are derived. and the distribution on the number of users supportable per cell is determined. It is concluded that properly augmented and power-controlled multiple-cell CDMA promises a quantum increase in current cellular capacity. >

On the capacity of a cellular CDMA system

In this work, a channel model for line-of-sight (LOS) in visible light communication is elaborated. In the proposed channel model, there is no optical component, such as filter or lens, between the transmitting LED and the receiving photodiode. Later, a suitable setup is built for emulation of the mentioned channel model. In the setup, the LED and the photodiode are located in a line-of-sight orientation. The change of the optical power on the photodiode is measured by varying the distance between the LED and photodiode. The measurement result is compared with the channel model. The channel model is in good agreement with the measurement results. Following that, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the output of the receiver, as a function of the distance, is measured. Measurement results indicate that the SNR value remains below 15 dB after exceeding a distance of 20 cm for the specific LED-Photodiode pair used in the experiment. The optical signal on photodiode drops to the noise level when the distance exceeds 50 cm.

Distance and Power based Experimental Verification of Channel Model in Visible Light Communication

The Akşehir and Eber Lakes, relatively shallow, small freshwater lakes with an area of 361 km2 and 150 km2 and average depth of 7 m and 2 m (1998), respectively in southwestern Turkey, have experienced a severe decline in water levels in recent decades. This study aimed to investigate coastline and water level changes of lakes and identify the causes for the decline in lake levels. Nine Landsat images from different times, monthly temperature, precipitation, discharge, lake level records and population data were used to analyze these changes. From 1975 to 2009, the water surface areas of the Akşehir and Eber Lakes decreased from 356,929 to 126,482 km2 and from 119,882 to 85,663 km2, a loss of 64.5% and 28.4% over the 34-year period, respectively. From 1975 to 2004, the Akşehir Lake level declined by 2.67 m from 956.02 m to 953.35 and the Eber Lake level declined by 2.03 m from 966.75 m to 964.72 m from 1975 to 2004 based on ground lake level data (in situ). The results of the temperature and precipitation analysis showed that although the annual mean climatic factors vary substantially, they show small increasing trend over the record periods. Annual discharge records on the Akarçay River and its tributaries decreased over the basin during the same period. Irrigation systems, three dams and seven pounds built in recent decades for agricultural irrigation and domestic use, made the major impact on lowering the lake levels because they derive water from the river for human use upstream of the lakes’ catchments. Population growth, rising water consumption for agricultural and domestic purposes and building dams has led to lake levels declining. The change of lake levels might depend more on anthropogenic factors than on climatic factors.

/pdf/changes-in-the-coastline-and-water-level-of-the-aksehir-and-67mzytkl68.pdf

Changes in the Coastline and Water Level of the Akşehir and Eber Lakes Between 1975 and 2010

IEEE 802.15.13-compliant visible light communications in vehicular networks

In this paper, we consider an all-optical multi-relay FSO system and investigate its outage performance over Gamma-Gamma atmospheric turbulence channels. To avoid strict synchronization requirements among relay nodes, we employ relay selection and use only the selected relay in the relaying phase. The outage probability results indicate that relay selection demonstrates significant improvements over the conventional scheme with all relays active.

Relay selection in FSO systems with all-optical relaying over Gamma-Gamma turbulence channels

This invention is related to a two-way cooperative communication system, method and apparatus to improve spectral and energy efficiency using Control Signal. The system applies random network coding (RNC), cooperative communication and OFDMA-techniques for the high performance. Multiple transmitters transmit data in two phases: (i) The broadcast phase with all transmitting nodes utilizing pre-assigned OFDMA subcarriers, determining their transmit power values and bit rates, and transmitting multiple symbols and (ii) The relaying phase that contains multiple pre-selected relay nodes first estimating multiple transmitted symbols by the source nodes and then performing network coding on the estimated symbols to generate their signals to be transmitted. Multiple receivers receive data using a Detector, which works in conjunction with a Network Decoding block such that they obtain distinct versions of the source nodes' symbols. A Relay- Selection module selects relays to improve performance, based on inputs from a performance monitoring and optimization block within the centralized control strategy. The network coding has the potential to address the ever increasing number of users and devices in cellular networks.

Murat Uysal

Papers

Distance and Power based Experimental Verification of Channel Model in Visible Light Communication

Changes in the Coastline and Water Level of the Akşehir and Eber Lakes Between 1975 and 2010

IEEE 802.15.13-compliant visible light communications in vehicular networks

Relay selection in FSO systems with all-optical relaying over Gamma-Gamma turbulence channels

Random network coding in orthogonal frequency division multiple access (ofdma) networks using control signaling