There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

PEGylation as a strategy for improving nanoparticle-based drug and gene delivery

http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/cr400546e

Fluorescent Sensors for Measuring Metal Ions in Living Systems

where A represents the magnetic vector potential, is an integral of the hydromagnetic equations. This -integral made it possible to formulate a variational principle for the force-free magnetic fields. The integral expresses the fact that motions cannot transform a given field in an entirely arbitrary different field, if the conductivity of the medium isconsidered infinite. In this paper we shall show that the full set of hydromagnetic equations admit five more integrals, besides the energy integral, if dissipative processes are absent. These integrals, as we shall presently verify, are I2 =fbHvdV, (2)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

The identification of the fibrotic arrhythmogenic substrate as a means of improving the diagnosis and prediction of atrial fibrillation has been a focus of research for many years. The relationship between the degree of atrial fibrosis as a major component of atrial cardiomyopathy and the recurrence of arrhythmia after AF ablation can correlate. While the focus in identification and characterisation of this substrate has been centred on the atrial wall and the evaluation of atrial scar and extracellular matrix (ECM) expansion by late gadolinium-enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI), LGE cannot visualise diffuse fibrosis and diffuse extravasation of gadolinium. The atrial pericardium is a fine avascular fibrous membranous sac that encloses the atrial wall, which can undergo remodelling leading to atrial disease and AF. Nevertheless, little attention has been given to the detection of its fibrocalcification, impact on arrhythmogenesis and, most importantly, on the potential prothrombotic role of epi-pericardial remodelling in generation of emboli. We have recently reported that tracers against collagen I and IV can provide a direct assessment of the ECM, and thus can estimate fibrotic burden with high sensitivity. Here, we show the ability of these optical tracers to identify epi-pericardial fibrosis, as well as to demonstrate subtle interstitial fibrosis of the atrial wall in a mouse model of beta-2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) cardiac overexpression. 

/pdf/assessment-of-the-epi-pericardial-fibrotic-substrate-by-2w3nnw61.pdf

Assessment of the epi-pericardial fibrotic substrate by collagen-targeted probes

La presente invention concerne un procede de preparation de bis(thiosemicarbazones) asymetriques, de composes utiles en tant qu’intermediaires de synthese dans le procede, de nouveaux bis(thiosemicarbazones) qui peuvent etre facilement accessibles par l’utilisation du procede et des procedes de traitement et d’imagerie utilisant certains des nouveaux bis(thiosemicarbazones).

Procédé de préparation de bis(thiosemicarbazones) asymétriques

The invention discussed in this application relates to hydroxamic acid-based compounds that are useful as imaging agents when bound to an appropriate metal centre, particularly for the imaging of tumours.

Imaging composition and uses thereof

Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies for a variety of metal ion complexes of functionalised sarcophagines (sarcophagine = sar = 3,6,10,13,16,19-hexa-azabicyclo[6.6.6]icosane) have further confirmed not only that the form of the metal ion/sar unit is unique for each metal, albeit with a sensitivity of the conformation to the associated counter anions, but also that for any given metal and ligand substituent, the dimensions (bond lengths and angles) of the complex and the substituent at the secondary nitrogen centres do not differ significantly from those of the isolated components. Despite this, where the substituent contains reactive sites, the reactivity differs markedly from that of their form in an uncoordinated substrate. Rationalisations are offered for these differences, in part through the use of Hirshfeld surface analysis of the intermolecular interactions. The kinetic inertness of the complexes means that the metal ions can be considered to act as regioselective protecting groups.

Inert Transition Metal Ion Complexes in Organic Synthesis: Protection and Activation.

Bisisoxazoles are prepared in one step by the dropwise addition of aqueous potassium hydrogen carbonate to a mixture of dichloroglyoxime and terminal alkynes.

A Click Chemistry Approach to 5,5′‐Disubstituted‐3,3′‐bisisoxazoles from Dichloroglyoxime and Alkynes: Luminescent Organometallic Iridium and Rhenium Bisisoxazole Complexes.

Paul S. Donnelly

Papers

Assessment of the epi-pericardial fibrotic substrate by collagen-targeted probes

Procédé de préparation de bis(thiosemicarbazones) asymétriques

Imaging composition and uses thereof

Inert Transition Metal Ion Complexes in Organic Synthesis: Protection and Activation.

A Click Chemistry Approach to 5,5′‐Disubstituted‐3,3′‐bisisoxazoles from Dichloroglyoxime and Alkynes: Luminescent Organometallic Iridium and Rhenium Bisisoxazole Complexes.