There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

世界経済・社会統計 = World development indicators

2 1 The innovative transport systems and the CityMobil project 10 1.1 The research questions 10 2 The state of art in the field of automatic transport systems 12 2.1 Case studies and demand studies for innovative transport systems 12 3 The design and implementation of surveys 14 3.1 Definition of experimental design 14 3.2 Questionnaire design and delivery 16 3.3 First analyses on the collected sample 18 4 Calibration of Logit Multionomial demand models 21 4.1 Methodology 21 4.2 Calibration of the “full” model. 22 4.3 Calibration of the “final” model 24 4.4 The demand analysis through the final Multinomial Logit model 25 5 The analysis of interaction between the demand and socioeconomic attributes 31 5.1 Methodology 31 5.2 Application of Mixed Logit models to the demand 31 5.3 Analysis of the interactions between demand and socioeconomic attributes through Mixed Logit models 32 5.4 Mixed Logit model and interaction between age and the demand for the CTS 38 5.5 Demand analysis with Mixed Logit model 39 6 Final analyses and conclusions 45 6.1 Comparison between the results of the analyses 45 6.2 Conclusions 48 6.3 Answers to the research questions and future developments 52

The European commission

Climate change 2014 - Synthesis Report

Distributed cogeneration systems fired by natural gas could represent an important means for increasing the energy generation efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, the sustainability of a large diffusion of this kind of systems, above all in urban areas, should be assessed against possible increase of local pollutant emissions. In this paper, general models, indicators and analyses for evaluating the environmental impact due to different cogeneration scenarios and distributed generation penetration levels are presented. Results of numerical analyses are also provided, with equipment available on the market and with reference to the average Italian generation framework. These results can give important hints upon the extent at which the diffusion of distributed thermal prime movers could represent an additional threaten to the population health, or could instead decrease the environmental burden due to the energy generation system.

Environmental sustainability of distributed cogeneration systems

The potential energy, environmental, technical and economic benefits that might arise from multi-energy systems are increasing interest in smart districts. However, in a liberalised market, it is essential to develop a relevant attractive business case. This paper presents a holistic techno-economic framework that couples building/district, multi-network and business case assessment models for the development of robust business cases for smart multi-energy districts. The framework is demonstrated within the context of the FP7 DIMMER project on a real UK case study at the University of Manchester.

/pdf/a-business-case-modelling-framework-for-smart-multi-energy-572rk1mv36.pdf

A business case modelling framework for smart multi-energy districts

Underground cables have thermal inertia that can be leveraged to tolerate loading beyond 100% of capacity for short periods of time. These short term overloads allow the calculation of time-limited ratings for cables that are routinely underutilized such as those in N-1 configurations. These ratings are often not considered as part of distribution network modelling and only sometimes applied by network operators. Recent advances in cable rating technology allow network operators to calculate time-limited ratings in real time to adapt to contingency situations on their network. This paper proposes a methodology for determining the benefits of using time-limited ratings on an 11kV ring network. A case study shows how increasing loadings can be mitigated by the use of time-limited ratings and how this affects the economics of operating and planning a power system, including for avoiding network reinforcement.

Application of time-limited ratings to underground cables to enable life extension of network assets

Incremental indicators for assessing the performance of cogeneration systems with heat pumps

Jointly managing water and energy systems, rather than treating each system independently, is recognised as an approach that can lead to a more cost-effective and reliable supply, which is particularly critical in water-rich and developing countries. This has motivated the development of various integrated water-energy simulators, each one catering for specific modelling needs through the use of specific sets of modelling assumptions, e.g., representing water and energy with balance equations, or dedicated river flow and power network equations. In this context, it becomes critical to assess the effectiveness of different modelling assumptions to improve the design of water-energy simulators. In particular, it is important to develop a methodology that can identify, based on a systematic assessment process, the portfolios of modelling assumptions that better capture the uncertain future conditions in the water and energy sectors, e.g., climate-driven stresses and shocks such as water scarcity, temperature rise, etc. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) integrated water-energy system simulation methodology designed to adapt and quantify different modelling assumptions under various weather-related conditions (e.g., water scarcity and high temperatures). The models were developed to capture the characteristics of non-pressurised water systems (e.g., channels and rivers) and electricity systems. The methodology is used to investigate typical modelling assumptions (e.g., temporal resolutions and water and power system models) and novel approaches to model the impacts of high temperatures on generation capacity to capture the effects of extreme weather on power generation. The methodology is demonstrated on the Ghanaian integrated water-energy system. The results highlight the benefits in terms of computational costs and modelling accuracy, of the customisable simulation, and provide guidance to select adequate modelling assumptions.

Quantifying the Impacts of Modelling Assumptions on Accuracy and Computational Efficiency for Integrated Water-Energy System Simulations Under Uncertain Climate

Pierluigi Mancarella

Papers

Environmental sustainability of distributed cogeneration systems

A business case modelling framework for smart multi-energy districts

Application of time-limited ratings to underground cables to enable life extension of network assets

Incremental indicators for assessing the performance of cogeneration systems with heat pumps

Quantifying the Impacts of Modelling Assumptions on Accuracy and Computational Efficiency for Integrated Water-Energy System Simulations Under Uncertain Climate