Showing papers by "Reinhold Jahn published in 2018"
TL;DR: In this article, the trajectory of Fe mineral transformation under redox fluctuations is unclear and has been reported to result in both increases and decreases in Fe phase crystallinity in redox-active soils and sediments.
70 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that in straw of rice deriving from a large geographic gradient across South-East Asia, the Si concentrations are negatively related to the concentrations of carbon and lignin-derived phenols, which may explain results of previous studies that Si-rich straw decomposes faster.
Abstract: Current climate and land-use changes affect regional and global cycles of silicon (Si), with yet uncertain consequences for ecosystems. The key role of Si in marine ecology by controlling algae growth is well recognized but research on terrestrial ecosystems neglected Si since not considered an essential plant nutrient. However, grasses and various other plants accumulate large amounts of Si, and recently it has been hypothesized that incorporation of Si as a structural plant component may substitute for the energetically more expensive biosynthesis of lignin. Herein, we provide evidence supporting this hypothesis. We demonstrate that in straw of rice (Oryza sativa) deriving from a large geographic gradient across South-East Asia, the Si concentrations (ranging from 1.6% to 10.7%) are negatively related to the concentrations of carbon (31.3% to 42.5%) and lignin-derived phenols (32 to 102 mg/g carbon). Less lignin may explain results of previous studies that Si-rich straw decomposes faster. Hence, Si seems a significant but hardly recognized factor in organic carbon cycling through grasslands and other ecosystems dominated by Si-accumulating plants.
65 citations
University of the Philippines Los Baños1, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ2, Zhejiang University3, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg4, Philippine Rice Research Institute5, University of Göttingen6, University of Kiel7, Leibniz University of Hanover8, University of Marburg9, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology10, International Rice Research Institute11, Hanoi University of Science12, Visayas State University13, Linnaeus University14, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna15, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University16, Charles Sturt University17, University of Technology, Sydney18, Tohoku University19, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research20, CABI21, National Taiwan University22, University of Social Sciences and Humanities23, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences24, Autonomous University of Barcelona25, Rice University26, National Museum of Natural History27, University of Greifswald28, Leibniz Association29, Kaiserslautern University of Technology30, Gadjah Mada University31, Technische Universität München32, Leipzig University33, Vietnam National University, Hanoi34
TL;DR: Settele et al. as discussed by the authors discuss the role of gender and race in the development of the settele-settele model and discuss the relationship between gender and the settees.
Abstract: Josef Settele · Kong Luen Heong · Ingolf Kühn · Stefan Klotz · Joachim H. Spangenberg · Gertrudo Arida · Alexis Beaurepaire · Silke Beck · Erwin Bergmeier · Benjamin Burkhard · Roland Brandl · Jesus Victor Bustamante · Adam Butler · Jimmy Cabbigat · Xuan Canh Le · Josie Lynn A. Catindig · Van Chien Ho · Quoc Cuong Le · Kinh Bac Dang · Monina Escalada · Christophe Dominik · Markus Franzén · Oliver Fried · Christoph Görg · Volker Grescho · Sabine Grossmann · Geoff M. Gurr · Buyung A. R. Hadi · Huu Hai Le · Alexander Harpke · Annika L. Hass · Norbert Hirneisen · Finbarr G. Horgan · Stefan Hotes · Yuzuru Isoda · Reinhold Jahn · Helen Kettle · Anika Klotzbücher · Thimo Klotzbücher · Fanny Langerwisch · Wai‐Hong Loke · Yu‐Pin Lin · Zhongxian Lu · Keng‐Yeang Lum · Damasa B. Magcale‐Macandog · Glenn Marion · Leonardo Marquez · Felix Müller · Hung Manh Nguyen · Quynh Anh Nguyen · Van Sinh Nguyen · Jürgen Ott · Lyubomir Penev · Hong Thai Pham · Nico Radermacher · Beatriz Rodriguez‐Labajos · Christina Sann · Cornelia Sattler · Martin Schädler · Stefan Scheu · Anja Schmidt · Julian Schrader · Oliver Schweiger · Ralf Seppelt · Kukiat Soitong · Pavel Stoev · Susanne Stoll‐Kleemann · Vera Tekken · Kirsten Thonicke · Bianca Tilliger · Kai Tobias · Y. Andi Trisyono · Thanh Truong Dao · Teja Tscharntke · Quang Tuan Le · Manfred Türke · Tomáš Václavík · Doris Vetterlein · Sylvia ’Bong’ Villareal · Kim Chi Vu · Quynh Vu · Wolfgang W. Weisser · Catrin Westphal · Zengrong Zhu · Martin Wiemers
19 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a plot experiment on Si fertilization in a Southern Vietnamese paddy, where plant-available Si was inherently low, was conducted to test relationships between Si cycling, plant growth, and pest and fungal attacks in rice agroecosystems.
Abstract: Silicon (Si) mitigates abiotic and biotic stresses for rice plants (Oryza sativa L.). Here, we test relationships between Si cycling, plant growth, and pest and fungal attacks in rice agroecosystems. We conducted a plot experiment on Si fertilization in a Southern Vietnamese paddy, where plant-available Si was inherently low. For two cropping seasons, we investigated the temporal dynamics of Si in soil solution, plant Si uptake, and the occurrence of leaf folders (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis) and rice blast caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. Silicon application increased Si concentrations in soil solutions collected in the field as expected from previous laboratory experiments. Soil solution Si concentrations were furthermore affected by Si uptake by plants and by recycling Si with rice straw ash. Silicon concentrations in rice leaves at tillering stage increased with increasing Si application. However, surprisingly, no relationship between Si in soil solution and Si concentration in straw at maturity stage was found. The occurrences of leaf folders and rice blast disease were mitigated by increased Si uptake. However, rice biomass production was not affected, probably because the biotic stress level was generally low. Our field data emphasize the importance of recycling crop residues in rice fields for the Si supply to plants, especially in regions with low Si availability. They furthermore show that under field conditions, the relationship between dissolved Si in soil solution and Si uptake by rice plants is not as straightforward as expected and thus needs to be further investigated.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a framework for a demonstration and dissemination model that will be exemplary for the farmers once it has been successfully realized, and advocated local-option models in different districts to demonstrate to farmers.
Abstract: Two major human-made problems in rice production systems in the north of Vietnam concern the low plant-available silicon content of soils and the low biodiversity. The results of the LEGATO project suggest a change to an environmentally friendly rice production system that will help to recover biodiversity. We propose here a framework for a demonstration and dissemination model that will be exemplary for the farmers once it has been successfully realized. We advocate local-option models in different districts to demonstrate to farmers. The methods should be adapted to local and ecoregional differences in climate and land-use tradition, and they explicitly take into account soil care, organic fertilizer, manual weeding, native nectar-rich plant bunds, manual pest snail collection, hymenopteran nesting aids, and biodiversity and yield monitoring.
2 citations
30 Oct 2018
1 citations