Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial compound used extensively to produce synthetic polymers, such as epoxy resins, which are incorporated into the inner coating of metal cans, and also to manufacture polycarbonates with applications in bottles, including bottles of water. Several studies have reported on the transfer of this compound to food. Regarding human exposure to BPA, food intake can be considered the most serious among all the routes, not only because it potentially reaches more people in different age groups (including infants, an especially vulnerable group), but also because it inadvertently occurs over long time periods. BPA is considered an endocrine disruptor and several studies have proposed a relationship between exposure to BPA and the appearance of adverse health effects, such as cancer, infertility, diabetes, and obesity, among others. In 2015 however, the European Food Safety Authority concluded in its last scientific opinion that this compound does not pose any risk to the exposed population's health. Therefore, the EU regards BPA as an authorized product to be used as food contact material. Although BPA intake through food is apparently below the set limits, research into BPA and its potential negative effects is still ongoing. This review contains the most recent in vitro and in vivo studies on BPA toxicity and its harmful effects on health, and it intends to address human exposure to BPA, namely through dietary exposure and its impact on human health.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1541-4337.12388

Bisphenol A: Food Exposure and Impact on Human Health

Evaluation of hazardous chemicals in edible insects and insect-based food intended for human consumption.

Introduction: Bisphenol A (BPA), a high-volume chemical with weak estrogenic properties, has been linked to obesity, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). This review evaluates both the consistency and the quality of epidemiological evidence from studies testing the hypothesis that BPA exposure is a risk factor for these health outcomes. Methods: We followed the current methodological guidelines for systematic reviews by using two independent researchers to identify, review and summarize the relevant epidemiological literature on the relation of BPA to obesity, CVD, DM, or related biomarkers. Each paper was summarized with respect to its methods and results with particular attention to study design and exposure assessment, which have been cited as the main areas of weakness in BPA epidemiologic research. As quantitative meta-analysis was not feasible, the study results were categorized qualitatively as positive, inverse, null, or mixed. Results: Nearly all studies on BPA and ob...

Bisphenol A and Indicators of Obesity, Glucose Metabolism/Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review of Epidemiologic Research

Effects of pesticide mixtures in human and animal models: An update of the recent literature.

INTRODUCTION Single Stressor Studies Multiple Stressor Studies Types of Combination Effects Examples of Combination Effects

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Effects of Toxic Stimuli Combinations on Determination of Exposure Limits

Dietary intake of non-dioxin-like PCBs (NDL-PCBs) in France, impact of maximum levels in some foodstuffs.

The PERICLES research program: An integrated approach to characterize the combined effects of mixtures of pesticide residues to which the French population is exposed

Rémi Maximilien

Papers

Dietary intake of non-dioxin-like PCBs (NDL-PCBs) in France, impact of maximum levels in some foodstuffs.

The PERICLES research program: An integrated approach to characterize the combined effects of mixtures of pesticide residues to which the French population is exposed

Conclusions of the French Food Safety Agency on the toxicity of bisphenol A