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Research methods in social relations

What makes organizations so similar? We contend that the engine of rationalization and bureaucratization has moved from the competitive marketplace to the state and the professions. Once a set of organizations emerges as a field, a paradox arises: rational actors make their organizations increasingly similar as they try to change them. We describe three isomorphic processes-coercive, mimetic, and normative—leading to this outcome. We then specify hypotheses about the impact of resource centralization and dependency, goal ambiguity and technical uncertainty, and professionalization and structuration on isomorphic change. Finally, we suggest implications for theories of organizations and social change.

The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields (Chinese Translation)

On Symbolic Interactionism

Volume I: Theory of the Multinational Enterprises Volume II: Joint Ventures and Modes of Entry Volume III: Strategic Management of Multinationals Volume IV: Multinationals in a Social and Regional Context

Theory of the multinational enterprise

This report is summarised by the documents 'Prosperity without growth? : summary' and 'Ffyniant heb dwf? : crynodeb'

Prosperity without growth? : the transition to a sustainable economy : [summary]

This paper critically assesses the concept of sustainable development. It articulates arguments that challenge the dominant view of the concept by exposing its ideological essence, which falsely represents the possibility of reconciling capitalism and solutions to the ecological crisis. The methodological basis for this reflection draws upon the critical perspective of the Frankfurt School. The paper discusses major contradictions of the concept in the capitalist system, and argues about the impossibility of reconciling an alleged ecologically responsible practice with the logics and aims of such system.

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Por uma crítica ao conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável

This article analyzes the internationalization strategies of companies in the food industry from Parana State, in Brazil. The logic of analysis sought to corroborate the idea that internationalization is a strategic phenomenon cognitively mediated in the light of environmental pressures and resources within the organization. Therefore, the role of the environment, resources and interpretive schemes are analyzed and used to explain three strategic internationalization patterns found in the food industry of Parana: domestic, reluctant and active international action. Based on those constructs, and from an institutional and cognitive perspective of analysis, the study contributes to the debate related to homogeneity, heterogeneity and organizational strategic action.

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Environment, resources and interpretation: influences in the internationalization strategies of the food industry in Brazil

da analise organizacional (Davidsson, 1989; Delmar, Davidsson, & Gartner, 2003; Greve, 2008; Harvard Business Review, 1998; Morrison, Breen, & Ali, 2003; Penrose, 1959; Rabelo & Speller, 2005; Starbuck, 1971, 2005). Neste sentido, entende-se que as organizacoes – a partir de suas estruturas, recursos e processos – crescem. E notavel a quantidade de teorias e modelos gerenciais desenvolvidos para dar conta do processo de crescimento (

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Crescimento Organizacional: uma Ideologia Gerencial?

This study considers how decision-makers in smaller firms interpret the means and conditions of internationalization, and how different modes of interpretation are likely to inform action choices in this process. Drawing on 58 qualitative interviews with the leaders of Brazilian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the clothing industry located in the state of Parana, the results support the contention that different understandings given to the means/conditions of internationalization are associated with different action choices. More specifically, the results indicate that: (a) interpretation changes the criteria and parameters by which rational choices on internationalization are made; (b) a comprehensive explanation of internationalization on the basis of situational characteristics is likely to be inconclusive without taking into account decision-makers' interpretations; (c) particular meanings given to internationalization are likely to inform choice in different ways, (d) managers act on the basis of their inter-subjectively negotiated, shared and sustained reality; and (e) investigative proximity with practitioners is pivotal in order to comprehensively account for their interpretations.

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The role of interpretation in the internationalization of smaller Brazilian firms

This essay reveals the foundations of an unconventional form of social organization observed in Brazil's South region, the Faxinal. Methodologically, from the perspective that the Faxinal community embodies a traditional form of organization that has decreased dramatically in recent decades and that many of its original features have changed, we decided to adopt a historical approach. This was a means used to grasp traits and characteristics that, although lost or abandoned, may be instructive regarding the study objectives. Historically, capitalism has taken a position of higher order, by disseminating ideological principles and rationality as possibilities of evolution and better life when compared to the traditional foundations of social organization. The hegemonic view of the dominant model, with determinations imposed by instrumental rationality, pose limits to the richness deriving from the multiplicity of beliefs, traditions, particular customs and practices of the Faxinais, as it supports the generation of ideas and thoughts aimed at maintaining the rationale of development and progress. Thus, substantive organizational phenomena, such as the Faxinais, are situated in a historical process of construction, subject to the local social context of Brazilian regions marginalized by the urbanization and rationalization process of the capitalist economy, which has led their members to devise ways of organizing the social, economic, and political life based on principles different from those that support ideologically the capitalist organizational model. Therefore, the characteristics of the Faxinais point out Unconventional Form of Organization that break with the assumptions of the Organizational Studies.

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Rene Eugenio Seifert

Papers

Por uma crítica ao conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável

Environment, resources and interpretation: influences in the internationalization strategies of the food industry in Brazil

Crescimento Organizacional: uma Ideologia Gerencial?

The role of interpretation in the internationalization of smaller Brazilian firms

Non-capitalist organizations in Latin America: lessons from the Brazilian Faxinal grassroot community