How to Do Things With Words

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/201/4359/899.2.full.pdf

Phenomenology of perception.

From the Publisher: 
A Question of Identity 
Life on the Screen is a fascinating and wide-ranging investigation of the impact of computers and networking on society, peoples' perceptions of themselves, and the individual's relationship to machines. Sherry Turkle, a Professor of the Sociology of Science at MIT and a licensed psychologist, uses Internet MUDs (multi-user domains, or in older gaming parlance multi-user dungeons) as a launching pad for explorations of software design, user interfaces, simulation, artificial intelligence, artificial life, agents, "bots," virtual reality, and "the on-line way of life." 
Turkle's discussion of postmodernism is particularly enlightening. She shows how postmodern concepts in art, architecture, and ethics are related to concrete topics much closer to home, for example AI research (Minsky's "Society of Mind") and even MUDs (exemplified by students with X-window terminals who are doing homework in one window and simultaneously playing out several different roles in the same MUD in other windows). Those of you who have (like me) been turned off by the shallow, pretentious, meaningless paintings and sculptures that litter our museums of modern art may have a different perspective after hearing what Turkle has to say. 
This is a psychoanalytical book, not a technical one. However, software developers and engineers will find it highly accessible because of the depth of the author's technical understanding and credibility. Unlike most other authors in this genre, Turkle does not constantly jar the technically-literate reader with blatant errors or bogus assertions about how things work. Although I personally don't have time or patience for MUDs,view most of AI as snake-oil, and abhor postmodern architecture, I thought the time spent reading this book was an extremely good investment.

스크린 위의 삶 = Life on the screen : identity in the age of the internet

How to ... be a reflective practitioner.

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The Practice Of Everyday Life

Software pervades every domain of science ( 1 – 3 ), perhaps nowhere more decisively than in modeling. In key scientific areas of great societal importance, models and the software that implement them define both how science is done and what science is done ( 4 , 5 ). Across all science, this dependence has led to concerns around the need for open access to software ( 6 , 7 ), centered on the reproducibility of research ( 1 , 8 – 10 ). From fields such as high-performance computing, we learn key insights and best practices for how to develop, standardize, and implement software ( 11 ). Open and systematic approaches to the development of software are essential for all sciences. But for many scientists this is not sufficient. We describe problems with the adoption and use of scientific software.

/pdf/troubling-trends-in-scientific-software-use-1i4l7xkhct.pdf

Troubling Trends in Scientific Software Use

This paper offers an exploration of the attitudes of older adults to keeping in touch with people who are important to them. We present findings from three focus groups with people from 55 to 81 years of age. Themes emerging from the findings suggest that older adults view the act of keeping in touch as being worthy of time and dedication, but also as being something that needs to be carefully managed within the context of daily life. Communication is seen as a means through which skill should be demonstrated and personality expressed, and is understood in a very different context to the lightweight interaction that is increasingly afforded by new technologies. The themes that emerged are used to elicit a number of design implications and to promote some illustrative design concepts for new communication devices.

/pdf/desiring-to-be-in-touch-in-a-changing-communications-38ionxzizc.pdf

Desiring to be in touch in a changing communications landscape: attitudes of older adults

We report on an examination of work practice in a knowledge-based, document-intensive organization and describe the role of paper in that work. We show how such an examination can provide a resource for (1) the determination of system design modifications that can be undertaken in the short term; (2) the determination of entirely new systems design requiring longer term research and development; and (3) helping to specify where paper will continue to he used in future document-related work practice.

/pdf/paper-as-an-analytic-resource-for-the-design-of-new-yucdvyx2sj.pdf

Paper as an analytic resource for the design of new technologies

In this article we consider what it should mean to build "smartness" or "intelligence" into the home. We introduce an argument suggesting that it is people who imbue their homes with intelligence by continually weaving together things in their physical worlds with their everyday routines and distinct social arrangements. To develop this argument we draw on four ongoing projects concerned with designing interactive surfaces. These projects illustrate how, through the use of surfaces like fridge doors and wall displays, and even bowl shaped surfaces, we keep in touch with one another, keep the sense of our homes intact, and craft our homes as something unique and special. Intelligence, here, is seen to be something that emerges from our interactions with these surfaces--seen in the thoughtful placement of things throughout the home's ecology of surfaces. IT for the home is thus understood less as something to be designed as intelligent and more as a resource for intelligence.

https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/fulltext-1.pdf

Homes that make us smart

We present a review of literature from the fields of gerontology, HCI and human factors, which focus on the nature of family and peer relationships in old age. We find both simplistic, prevailing models of what it means to be old, as well as deeper insights which often belie these models. In addition, we discover that new technologies are often also based on quite simple assumptions, but that their deployment points to a more complex reality. This paper considers a number of perspectives on relationships in later life, critiques the assumptions underscoring them, and presents an alternative view which we believe is more in line with the perspective of elderly people themselves. We end by discussing what this means in terms of designing new technologies for older people.

/pdf/designing-for-elders-exploring-the-complexity-of-mxpbtoz11q.pdf

Richard Harper

Papers

Troubling Trends in Scientific Software Use

Desiring to be in touch in a changing communications landscape: attitudes of older adults

Paper as an analytic resource for the design of new technologies

Homes that make us smart

Designing for elders: exploring the complexity of relationships in later life