How to Do Things With Words

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/201/4359/899.2.full.pdf

Phenomenology of perception.

From the Publisher: 
A Question of Identity 
Life on the Screen is a fascinating and wide-ranging investigation of the impact of computers and networking on society, peoples' perceptions of themselves, and the individual's relationship to machines. Sherry Turkle, a Professor of the Sociology of Science at MIT and a licensed psychologist, uses Internet MUDs (multi-user domains, or in older gaming parlance multi-user dungeons) as a launching pad for explorations of software design, user interfaces, simulation, artificial intelligence, artificial life, agents, "bots," virtual reality, and "the on-line way of life." 
Turkle's discussion of postmodernism is particularly enlightening. She shows how postmodern concepts in art, architecture, and ethics are related to concrete topics much closer to home, for example AI research (Minsky's "Society of Mind") and even MUDs (exemplified by students with X-window terminals who are doing homework in one window and simultaneously playing out several different roles in the same MUD in other windows). Those of you who have (like me) been turned off by the shallow, pretentious, meaningless paintings and sculptures that litter our museums of modern art may have a different perspective after hearing what Turkle has to say. 
This is a psychoanalytical book, not a technical one. However, software developers and engineers will find it highly accessible because of the depth of the author's technical understanding and credibility. Unlike most other authors in this genre, Turkle does not constantly jar the technically-literate reader with blatant errors or bogus assertions about how things work. Although I personally don't have time or patience for MUDs,view most of AI as snake-oil, and abhor postmodern architecture, I thought the time spent reading this book was an extremely good investment.

스크린 위의 삶 = Life on the screen : identity in the age of the internet

How to ... be a reflective practitioner.

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The Practice Of Everyday Life

Aim Software use is ubiquitous in the species distribution modelling (SDM) domain; nearly every scientist working on SDM either uses or develops specialist SDM software; however, little is formally known about the prevalence or preference of one software over another. We seek to provide, for the first time, a ‘snapshot’ of SDM users, the methods they use and the questions they answer. Location Global. Methods We conducted a survey of over 300 SDM scientists to capture a snapshot of the community and used an extensive literature search of SDM papers in order to investigate the characteristics of the SDM community and its interactions with software developers in terms of co-authoring research publications. Results Our results show that those members of the community who develop software and who are directly connected with developers are among the most highly connected and published authors in the field. We further show that the two most popular softwares for SDM lie at opposite ends of the ‘use-complexity’ continuum. Main conclusion Given the importance of SDM research in a changing environment, with its increasing use in the policy domain, it is vital to be aware of what software and methodologies are being implemented. Here, we present a snapshot of the SDM community, the software and the methods being used.

RESEARCH Scientists and software - surveying the species distribution modelling community

Using ethnographic studies, we show how paper is integral to collaborative work in three very different organisational settings. Reasons for the use of paper as opposed to electronic alternatives are analysed in terms of the local aspects of interaction it supports, and also the ways in which use of paper has evolved hand-in-hand with organisational work practice. The implications of these findings for the design of collaborative tools are discussed

/pdf/paper-supported-collaborative-work-4nijnrnp36.pdf

Paper-supported Collaborative Work

As the Kinect sensor is being extended from gaming to other applications and contexts, we critically examine what is the nature of the experience garnered through its current use in gaming in the home setting. Through an exploratory study of family experiences with Kinect in gaming, we discuss the character of the experience as one that entails users reveling in absurdity of movement that is required by the Kinect sensor. Through this analysis, we liken the 'third-space' defined by Kinect-based gestural interaction to that of Bakhtin's mocking gaze in the contexts of carnivals. This is followed by remarks on the implications this re-specification of understanding Kinect-enabled interaction has for the term 'natural' and relatedly the emphasis on the 'user' as 'the 'controller' in HCI. Remarks will be made on the implications of this for the application of the Kinect sensor to distributed gaming and other non-gaming interaction spaces in the home.

The mocking gaze: the social organization of kinect use

Proximity-based mobile message delivery is described. In an embodiment, a first user stores a message intended for a second user on a first mobile terminal, whilst the first mobile terminal is located remote from a second mobile terminal of the second user. Subsequent to this, the first mobile terminal detects that it is now in proximity with the second mobile terminal, and this triggers the first mobile terminal to transmit the message to the second mobile terminal. In embodiments, authentication of the second mobile terminal can be performed before transmitting the message. In another embodiment, a mobile terminal comprises a short-range wireless transceiver that can detect that a further mobile terminal is in proximity, and trigger the transmission of a pre-stored message to the further mobile terminal.

Proximity-based mobile message delivery

To accelerate the training of Deep Learning (DL) models, clusters of machines equipped with hardware accelerators such as GPUs are leveraged to reduce execution time. State-of-the-art resource managers are needed to increase GPU utilization and maximize throughput. While co-locating DL jobs on the same GPU has been shown to be effective, this can incur interference causing slowdown. In this article we propose Horus: an interference-aware and prediction-based resource manager for DL systems. Horus proactively predicts GPU utilization of heterogeneous DL jobs extrapolated from the DL model’s computation graph features, removing the need for online profiling and isolated reserved GPUs. Through micro-benchmarks and job co-location combinations across heterogeneous GPU hardware, we identify GPU utilization as a general proxy metric to determine good placement decisions, in contrast to current approaches which reserve isolated GPUs to perform online profiling and directly measure GPU utilization for each unique submitted job. Our approach promotes high resource utilization and makespan reduction; via real-world experimentation and large-scale trace driven simulation, we demonstrate that Horus outperforms other DL resource managers by up to 61.5 percent for GPU resource utilization, 23.7–30.7 percent for makespan reduction and 68.3 percent in job wait time reduction.

/pdf/horus-interference-aware-and-prediction-based-scheduling-in-3c6jyiqgoz.pdf

Richard Harper

Papers

RESEARCH Scientists and software - surveying the species distribution modelling community

Paper-supported Collaborative Work

The mocking gaze: the social organization of kinect use

Proximity-based mobile message delivery

Horus: Interference-Aware and Prediction-Based Scheduling in Deep Learning Systems