The fifth edition of "Numerical Methods for Engineers" continues its tradition of excellence. Instructors love this text because it is a comprehensive text that is easy to teach from. Students love it because it is written for them--with great pedagogy and clear explanations and examples throughout. The text features a broad array of applications, including all engineering disciplines. The revision retains the successful pedagogy of the prior editions. Chapra and Canale's unique approach opens each part of the text with sections called Motivation, Mathematical Background, and Orientation, preparing the student for what is to come in a motivating and engaging manner. Each part closes with an Epilogue containing sections called Trade-Offs, Important Relationships and Formulas, and Advanced Methods and Additional References. Much more than a summary, the Epilogue deepens understanding of what has been learned and provides a peek into more advanced methods. Approximately 80% of the end-of-chapter problems are revised or new to this edition. The expanded breadth of engineering disciplines covered is especially evident in the problems, which now cover such areas as biotechnology and biomedical engineering. Users will find use of software packages, specifically MATLAB and Excel with VBA. This includes material on developing MATLAB m-files and VBA macros.

Numerical methods for engineers

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Elements Of Chemical Reaction Engineering

Applied Groundwater Modeling—Simulation of Flow and Advective Transport

The in-situ deep mixing technique has been established as a means to effect columnar inclusions into soft ground to enhance the bearing capacity and reduce settlement. Since the inception of this method, developments in the plant and machinery, as well as associated field techniques, have surpassed the basic understanding of strength developments in high water-content clays admixed with cementing agents.In this paper an attempt is made to identify the critical factors governing the engineering behavior of cement-stabilized clay, which helps not only to control the input of cementing agent to attain strength development with curing time and clay water content, but also to understand the subsequent engineering behavior. It is revealed that the clay-water/cement ratio, $wc/ c$ is the prime parameter for the above purposes .

Engineering Behavior of Cement Stabilized Clay at High Water Content (IS-YOKOHAMA 2000「沿岸域の地盤工学における理論と実際」特集号〔英文〕)

Clayey soils are usually stiff when they are dry and give up their stiffness as they become saturated. Soft clays are associated with low compressive strength and excessive settlement. This reduction in strength due to moisture leads to severe damages to buildings and foundations. The soil behavior can be a challenge to the designer build infrastructure plans to on clay deposits. The damage due to the expansive soils every year is expected to be $1 billion in the USA, £150 million in the UK, and many billions of pounds worldwide. The damages associated with expansive soils are not because of the lack of inadequate engineering solutions but to the failure to identify the existence and magnitude of expansion of these soils in the early stage of project planning. One of the methods for soil improvement is that the problematic soil is replaced by suitable soil. The high cost involved in this method has led researchers to identify alternative methods, and soil stabilization with different additives is one of those methods. Recently, modern scientific techniques of soil stabilization are on offer for this purpose. Stabilized soil is a composite material that is obtained from the combination and optimization of properties of constituent materials. Adding cementing agents such as lime, cement and industrial byproducts like fly ash and slag, with soil results in improved geotechnical properties. However, during the past few decades, a number of cases have been reported where sulfate-rich soils stabilized by cement or lime underwent a significant amount of heave leading to pavement failure. This research paper addressed the some fundamental and success soil improvement that used in civil engineering field.

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Fundamentals of soil stabilization

A water jet in a cross-flow drives a substantial content of oxygen into a water body through air ingression. An experimental study was conducted on the oxygen-transfer capacity of a water jet in a ...

A comparative study of predicting oxygen transfer in weirs and water jets in cross-flows

Unusual Presentation of Hydatid Cyst in Submandibular Region- A Case Report and Literature Review

The stability of earth slopes can be enhanced by introducing an anchoring system. The factor of safety of an anchor-reinforced slope is one of the essential items required to evaluate stability. This parameter can be predicted using limit equilibrium and numerical approaches by relevant software. Taylor’s stability chart has been frequently used to estimate the factor of safety of an unreinforced homogeneous cohesive-frictional soil slope. An analytical expression was developed in this study based on the friction circle method by which the factor of safety of anchor-reinforced slopes can be predicted using Taylor’s chart. The anchor-reinforced slope considered in the analysis consisted of homogeneous cohesive-frictional soil. The analyses were carried out considering different slope inclinations, anchor loads, anchor orientations, and slip circles. An illustrative example explained the procedure for finding the factor of safety and showed how the developed method could be used by practicing engineers. A comparison between the factor of safety estimated by Taylor’s chart and the limit equilibrium method using SLIDE indicates a good agreement. 

Stability Analysis of Anchor-Reinforced Soil Slopes with Taylor’s Stability Chart

The bearing capacity (BC) of footing is considerably governed by soil settlement. In practice, the BC of soil can be improved by reinforcing the soil. The laboratory model tests were performed to investigate the effect of water table depth (WTD) on BC of reinforced soil. Randomly distributed shredded waste tyre rubber fibre (length-19 mm, width-4.5 mm) of 0.75% by dry weight of soil as reinforcement. The circular moulds (height-250 mm, diameter-300 mm) were used to prepare the test samples. A shallow depth, surface loading, smooth base mild steel circular footing (diameter (B)-75 mm, height-60 mm) was used in the study. The WTD maintained at different positions, where the ratio of depth of water table below the base (b) to the base width of the footing (B) is 0, 1, and 2 for both unreinforced and reinforced clayey soil. The samples were kept 96 h for soaking. Tri-axial test loading frame was used to apply compressive load at a strain rate of 1.25 mm/min. The improvements in bearing capacity of reinforced soil over un-reinforced soil are 33% without water table effect and 28%, 23%, 20% with water table effect at b/B ratios are 0, 1, 2, respectively. The WTD greatly decreases the BC. The BC of reinforced soil is greater than that of unreinforced soil for all b/B ratios.

The effect of water table depth on bearing capacity of randomly distributed waste tyre rubber fibre reinforced clayey soil

In the present study, the laboratory triaxial compression tests were carried out on soil specimens reinforced with steel and aluminium solid plates in horizontal layers. The percentages of reinforcement used were 5%, 4%, 2%, 1% and 0.5%. The solid plates were placed horizontally in five layers in all the tests. Again the triaxial compression tests were repeated by using the perforated circular aluminium plates as horizontal reinforcement instead of solid plate, but the quantity of reinforcements was kept the same as in the previous case. The diameter of the plate in all the cases was 25 mm. To alter the percentages of reinforcement, thickness of layers were varied in each case but thickness in all the five different layers were kept the same. The results show that improvement in strength of soil was not proportional to the increase in the percentage of reinforcement and residual strength ratio was also found to be less. It was also observed that there was an increase in the tangent modulus with increase in percentage of reinforcement at higher confining pressure when aluminium was used as a disc shaped plate reinforcement.

Sanjay Kumar Shukla

Papers

A comparative study of predicting oxygen transfer in weirs and water jets in cross-flows

Unusual Presentation of Hydatid Cyst in Submandibular Region- A Case Report and Literature Review

Stability Analysis of Anchor-Reinforced Soil Slopes with Taylor’s Stability Chart

The effect of water table depth on bearing capacity of randomly distributed waste tyre rubber fibre reinforced clayey soil

Stress-Strain Behaviour of Sand with Disc Plate Shaped Reinforcement