Purpose of reviewThis review highlights recent work evaluating the relationship between exercise, physical activity and physical and mental health. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, as well as randomized clinical trials, are included. Special attention is given to physical conditions, i

Exercise and well-being: a review of mental and physical health benefits associated with physical activity.

Background
The scoping review has become an increasingly popular approach for synthesizing research evidence. It is a relatively new approach for which a universal study definition or definitive procedure has not been established. The purpose of this scoping review was to provide an overview of scoping reviews in the literature.

Methods
A scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O'Malley framework. A search was conducted in four bibliographic databases and the gray literature to identify scoping review studies. Review selection and characterization were performed by two independent reviewers using pretested forms.

Results
The search identified 344 scoping reviews published from 1999 to October 2012. The reviews varied in terms of purpose, methodology, and detail of reporting. Nearly three-quarter of reviews (74.1%) addressed a health topic. Study completion times varied from 2 weeks to 20 months, and 51% utilized a published methodological framework. Quality assessment of included studies was infrequently performed (22.38%).

Conclusions
Scoping reviews are a relatively new but increasingly common approach for mapping broad topics. Because of variability in their conduct, there is a need for their methodological standardization to ensure the utility and strength of evidence. © 2014 The Authors. Research Synthesis Methods published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jrsm.1123

A scoping review of scoping reviews: advancing the approach and enhancing the consistency

Place attachment: How far have we come in the last 40 years?

Quality of life: Its definition and measurement☆

Health and Well-Being in the Workplace: A Review and Synthesis of the Literature

The study examined the differential experiences and outcomes for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and their families receiving self-directed services based on the type of personal support worker hired (parents, siblings, other relatives, friends, and agency staff). The sample consisted of 372 participants in a self-directed waiver program who used personal assistance services. Results indicated that the caregiver's satisfaction with the personal support worker, self-efficacy in managing personal support workers, and mental health varied significantly based on type of personal support worker hired. Also, the physical health and daily choice making of the adults with disabilities differed significantly by type of personal support worker hired.

Self-directed Support: Impact of Hiring Practices on Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and Families

Purpose: The impact of moving out of nursing homes into community-based settings for adults with cerebral palsy was assessed by comparing the health and community functioning of movers and non-movers at time 1 and 3 years later at time 2. Subjects: The sample included 83 non-movers and 28 movers age 30 years and older who initially were living in nursing homes. The majority of residents had severe to profound mental retardation. The movers transferred to 15 communitybased settings between 1 and 3 years (mean of 2 years) prior to the time 2 assessment. Assessments of residents at baseline and at follow-up included health measures (health status, health limits, mobility limits, days hospitalized and depression) and community functioning measures (adaptive functioning, maladaptive behaviour, community inclusion, day programme hours and monthly wages). Results: Findings indicated that movers showed benefits in terms of improved health and community functioning. For movers, health status, mobility limitations,...

Residential transitions from nursing homes for adults with cerebral palsy

Though families are considered the primary provider of support to people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD), only a small amount of I/DD funding in the United States goes toward offering assistance to these families. In addition, formal interventions typically target families of children with I/DD, which are no longer available when the individual enters adulthood. This chapter reviews the literature on family support interventions for families caring for adults with I/DD. It first examines the impact of lifelong caregiving and the support needs of these families. It then draws attention to various interventions currently available for these families, including systemic federal and state family support public policies (such as cash subsidies, and consumer-directed supports), as well as group level psychosocial interventions (such as support groups, future planning interventions, and support coordination). The review calls attention to the need for more intervention research that is methodologically sound and that addresses not only the perspective of parents but also that of other family members (such as siblings) and the person with disabilities.

Chapter 9 Family Support Interventions for Families of Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

Report of the state of the science in aging with developmental disabilities: charting lifespan trajectories and supportive environments for healthy community living symposium.

Adults with developmental disabilities are at significant risk for health problems. Effective health promotion can improve outcomes and that's why adult day and residential agencies, schools, and other organizations need this invaluable program development guide. An urgent call to action and a start to finish framework for health promotion, this book shows administrators and service providers how to increase supports for health education, exercise and nutrition by implementing their own successful program. With practical guidance on every stage of program development, readers will discover how to effectively communicate the key points of a health promotion program; win the support of senior management and direct support staff; manage practical aspects like budgeting, gathering resources, and recruiting staff; use Universal Design to develop a program that welcomes people with intellectual, developmental, and physical disabilities; motivate program participants with creative activities and strategies; ensure lasting improvements in health behaviors; and evaluate the program's outcomes and identify areas for improvement. To help them implement their own health promotion program, readers will get practical planning tools, including a ""getting started"" checklist, a sample Program Timeline and budget, lists of Internet and community resources, and assessment tools for determining their participants' needs, their current resources, and the success of their program. The ideal complement to the proven Health Matters (ISBN 978-155766-999-5) health education curriculum, this highly accessible program development guide will help service providers ensure better health and better lives for adults with a wide range of disabilities.

Tamar Heller

Papers

Self-directed Support: Impact of Hiring Practices on Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and Families

Residential transitions from nursing homes for adults with cerebral palsy

Chapter 9 Family Support Interventions for Families of Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

Report of the state of the science in aging with developmental disabilities: charting lifespan trajectories and supportive environments for healthy community living symposium.

Health Matters for People with Developmental Disabilities: Creating a Sustainable Health Promotion Program