Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction

中枢神経系疾患の治療は正常細胞（ニューロン）の機能維持を目的とするが，脳血管障害のように機能障害の原因が細胞の死滅に基づくことは多い．一方，脳腫瘍の治療においては薬物療法や放射線療法といった腫瘍細胞の死滅を目標とするものが大きな位置を占める．いずれの場合にも，細胞死の機序を理解することは各種病態や治療法の理解のうえで重要である．現在のところ最も研究の進んでいる細胞死の型はアポトーシスである．そのなかで重要な位置を占めるミトコンドリアにおける反応および抗アポトーシス因子について概要を紹介する．

Neuroscience 細胞死：最近の知見

Advances in our understanding of the mechanisms that bring about the resolution of acute inflammation have uncovered a new genus of pro-resolving lipid mediators that include the lipoxin, resolvin, protectin and maresin families, collectively called specialized pro-resolving mediators. Synthetic versions of these mediators have potent bioactions when administered in vivo. In animal experiments, the mediators evoke anti-inflammatory and novel pro-resolving mechanisms, and enhance microbial clearance. Although they have been identified in inflammation resolution, specialized pro-resolving mediators are conserved structures that also function in host defence, pain, organ protection and tissue remodelling. This Review covers the mechanisms of specialized pro-resolving mediators and omega-3 essential fatty acid pathways that could help us to understand their physiological functions.

/pdf/pro-resolving-lipid-mediators-are-leads-for-resolution-48rwdr15bn.pdf

Pro-resolving lipid mediators are leads for resolution physiology

Recent developments of phosphate glasses for a variety of technological applications, from rare-earth ion hosts for solid state lasers to low temperature sealing glasses, have led to renewed interest in understanding the structures of these unusual materials. In this review, spectroscopic and diffraction studies of simple phosphate glasses, including v-P2O5 and binary phosphate compositions, are described. Special attention is given to the structures of anhydrous ultraphosphate glasses, which have received close attention from the glass community only in the past six years.

Review: the structure of simple phosphate glasses

Über die Adsorption in Lösungen

Microsponges are micro-porous particles, used mainly for topical and recently for oral administration. Microsponges have many advantages which make it a versatile drug delivery system. Microsponges can suspended or entrap a wide variety of substances and then be incorporated into a formulated product such as a gel, cream, liquid, or powder. Moreover, they may enhance stability, reduce side effects and modify drug release related to its porous structure which allows the active ingredient to sustain over time. This article aims to provide details about microsponges including the method of preparation, characterization, mechanism of drug release from microsponges, different formulation, and process factors, and a few applications about microsponges that are either proven or under research. Besides, microsponges improve stability, increase elegance, and enhance formulation flexibility. Previous studies were done and confirmed that microsponges are non-irritant, non-allergenic, non-mutagenic, and non-toxic. This technology is being used currently in cosmetics, sunscreens, and prescription products. Therefore, the microsponges based drug delivery technology is likely to become a valuable drug delivery matrix substance for various therapeutic applications in the future.

https://rpbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_137441_1145d10cd7bd92a97a0c33f2ff319c3d.pdf

Drug Delivery from Microsponges: A Review Article

In this article, organic solvents are applied to a range of toner- paper combinations to determine their ability to remove toner. Paper sample printed from HP Laserjet 2300dn is soaked in 300 mlof 17 alone solvent and 133 solvent mixtures for 30 minat room temperature.Visual effect of solvent on toner and paper can be classified into 6 groups A, B, C, D, E and F.The effect of varying the solvents proportions in the mixture is explored. Solvents give good dissolving results for paper sample printed from HP Laserjet 2300dn applied on paper samples printed from different brands and same brands of different models.The evaluation of removal efficiency and re-usability of paper and its application in document forgeryare performed by optical tests on paper surfaces. Also the effect of solvents on mechanical, physical and optical properties of paper is studied. Removal of toner from security paper and its using in creating forged documents is applied in this study. Optical tests and SEM examination indicate that it is possible to remove toner from paper without damaging and discolouring the substrate.

https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_6411_106bf3e821481e66c99af2915e48e818.pdf

Removal of laser printer toner from the paper surface using some chemical methods

In the forensic document examination, the determination of the chronological order of intersection strokes of the toner and ballpoint inks is a paramount challenge issue. Two types of intersection are prepared on three different types of paper. A digital microscope and Raman spectroscopy are two nondestructive techniques used to determine these sequences via cross lines. Four physical characteristics observed at intersection point under the digital microscope were a specular reflection, the ink gloss, the ink spreading and gap. The results of the digital microscope determined the two types of intersections strokes except the red color of ink over toner. The results of Raman spectroscopy showed that the spectrum results at the intersection point similar to the pure ink executed later. The complementary technique of Raman spectroscopy and the digital microscope were necessary to achieve a complete determination of the sequences intersection strokes of the toner and ballpoint ink.

https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_31232_7eb9de4290b37d8e7d30066fb4c6673c.pdf

Using the Physical and Chemical Characterization for the Ink of Laser Printer and Ballpoint Pen in Determination the Sequence of Their Intersection

F104 resolvins and lipoxins attenuate carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain

Pycnogenol (PYC) is a plant-based extract derived from the proprietary bark of the French maritime pine (Pinus pinaster ssp. atlantica) that exerts antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-platelet effects. The standardized extract is composed of phenolic compounds (catechin, epicatechin, and taxifolin), condensed flavonoids (classed as procyanidins/ proanthocyanidins) and phenolic acids (cinnamic acids and other glycosides). these phenolic compounds after being ingested, undergo biotransformation and are broken down in the colon by microbial enzymes yielding smaller, bioavailable molecules that can then be absorbed by the colon into the bloodstream and transported to tissues and organs. The pycnogenol possess a highly protective characteristics versus various cardiovascular dysfunctions, kidney diseases, hepatic dysfunctions, neuro cognitive disorder, diabetes, reproductive dysfunction and infertility, cancer, digestive, retinal disease. The present review illustrates the effect of Pycnogenol as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects along with anti-tumor influence as well. Pycnogenol was concluded to act as an antioxidant agent in different situation including heart stress, cardiovascular system abnormalities, kidney disease and hepatic disorders, so it can be used in combination with other medication such as Methotrexate to abolish its side effects.

https://rpbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_186037_21ef2edad594398122d9a7e8de32bae1.pdf

Yasser M. Moustafa

Papers

Drug Delivery from Microsponges: A Review Article

Removal of laser printer toner from the paper surface using some chemical methods

Using the Physical and Chemical Characterization for the Ink of Laser Printer and Ballpoint Pen in Determination the Sequence of Their Intersection

F104 resolvins and lipoxins attenuate carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain

The possible protective effects and mechanisms of action of Pycnogenol: in vivo animals and human studies