Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction

中枢神経系疾患の治療は正常細胞（ニューロン）の機能維持を目的とするが，脳血管障害のように機能障害の原因が細胞の死滅に基づくことは多い．一方，脳腫瘍の治療においては薬物療法や放射線療法といった腫瘍細胞の死滅を目標とするものが大きな位置を占める．いずれの場合にも，細胞死の機序を理解することは各種病態や治療法の理解のうえで重要である．現在のところ最も研究の進んでいる細胞死の型はアポトーシスである．そのなかで重要な位置を占めるミトコンドリアにおける反応および抗アポトーシス因子について概要を紹介する．

Neuroscience 細胞死：最近の知見

Advances in our understanding of the mechanisms that bring about the resolution of acute inflammation have uncovered a new genus of pro-resolving lipid mediators that include the lipoxin, resolvin, protectin and maresin families, collectively called specialized pro-resolving mediators. Synthetic versions of these mediators have potent bioactions when administered in vivo. In animal experiments, the mediators evoke anti-inflammatory and novel pro-resolving mechanisms, and enhance microbial clearance. Although they have been identified in inflammation resolution, specialized pro-resolving mediators are conserved structures that also function in host defence, pain, organ protection and tissue remodelling. This Review covers the mechanisms of specialized pro-resolving mediators and omega-3 essential fatty acid pathways that could help us to understand their physiological functions.

/pdf/pro-resolving-lipid-mediators-are-leads-for-resolution-48rwdr15bn.pdf

Pro-resolving lipid mediators are leads for resolution physiology

Recent developments of phosphate glasses for a variety of technological applications, from rare-earth ion hosts for solid state lasers to low temperature sealing glasses, have led to renewed interest in understanding the structures of these unusual materials. In this review, spectroscopic and diffraction studies of simple phosphate glasses, including v-P2O5 and binary phosphate compositions, are described. Special attention is given to the structures of anhydrous ultraphosphate glasses, which have received close attention from the glass community only in the past six years.

Review: the structure of simple phosphate glasses

Über die Adsorption in Lösungen

Architecture has long focused on the visual sense with the neglect of other human senses. However, due to the influence of phenomenological writings, there is now a growing notion that our perception of the world is actually multisensory in nature, involving all our senses. By engaging all the senses, the built environment can help provide users with richer experiences. This paper investigates the phenomenology of multisensory perception of architecture. The aim is to contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between spatial qualities and the multisensorial perception of the built environment. The objective is to analyse different vivid experiences. Vivid experiences are experiences characterized by powerful feelings or clear images in the mind. Through the exploration of such vivid environmental experiences, the paper intends to determine the spatial qualities of the built environment that can induce an unforgettable experience. A phenomenological research approach is adopted. The study relies on two informants’ vivid experiences. These experiences were documented through personal diaries. To complement findings from the diaries, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted. A qualitative interpretive analysis is carried out. The study identifies themes describing the ambiences associated to informants’ vivid experiences. Among those ambiences are tenseness, vibrant, ambiguity, attractiveness, tranquility, and predictability. Yet, each experience is shaped by a core ambience. Hence, this paper will focus on the core ambiences: tenseness ambience and vibrant ambience. The findings are discussed in relation to multisensory spatial qualities that have stimulated informants’ senses, tying the outcomes to findings from previous research and literature.

Towards Multisensory Architecture: A Phenomenological Investigation of Vivid Experiences

Huntington’s disease (HD) is an inheritable autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a clinical triad of progressive choreiform movements (dance-like movements), psychiatric symptoms, and a decline in the cognitive functions. It is caused by a CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the HD gene whereas principal pathology of this disease is the loss of striatal and cortical projection neurons. Different experimental animal models have been figured out to assist in understanding the mechanisms involved in the progress of the HD. Extensive researches had been done for testing a large array of neuroprotective agents using animal models which mimic such disorder and to examine the different mechanisms suggested to contribute in the progress of HD. Excitotoxicity in the central nervous system (CNS) results from glutamate exposure for prolonged periods or to excessive concentrations to glutamate. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor is an ionotropic glutamate receptor responsible for the memory functions and exhibits several features of relevance to neuronal death. Neurotoxicity mediated by NMDA receptor with subsequent loss of striatal neurons contributes in the pathophysiology of HD. The current review focusing on using of NMDA receptor legends as a new strategy in treatment of HD.

https://rpbs.journals.ekb.eg/article_15368_9b06fc8550890d387b392351eec66fe1.pdf

Huntington’s disease and NMDA receptors; a new arena for therapeutic development

Biodesulfurization of Crude and Diesel Oil by Candida Parapsilosis NSH 45 Isolated from Egyptian Hydrocarbon Polluted Sea Water

The goal of the current work was to prepare magnetite/bentonite nanocomposite and testing for expulsion effectiveness of cationic methylene blue (MB) and anionic methyl orange (MO) dyes, phenol and Ni2+ from industrial wastewater in individual and combined systems. Batch experiments have been done to observe the best adsorption by altering various parameters such as temperature, pH, the dose of adsorbent, initial pollutants concentration and contact time. The results demonstrated that the optimum pH for removing (MB) was 9.0, (MO) was 4.0, phenol was 7.0 and 4.0 for Ni2+. The optimum concentration, temperature, contact time and adsorbent dose were 100 mg/L, 80 oC, 120 min and 1g of adsorbent, respectively. The sorption process was modeled utilizing Langmuir and Freundlich equations. The adsorption isotherm demonstrated a superior fit to Freundlich than Langmuir equation. The analysis was also modeled using the pseudo-first and second order equations. The pseudo-second-order equation gave better fit with an R2 value; 0.999 for all pollutants. This implies that our proposed magnetitebentonite nanocomposite can be utilized as a cheap and excellent adsorbent for expulsion of cationic and anionic dyes, phenol and cationic heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater.

https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_94131_0cd8a8b246b518679e0c2a28848d86a1.pdf

Yasser M. Moustafa

Papers

Towards Multisensory Architecture: A Phenomenological Investigation of Vivid Experiences

Huntington’s disease and NMDA receptors; a new arena for therapeutic development

Biodesulfurization of Crude and Diesel Oil by Candida Parapsilosis NSH 45 Isolated from Egyptian Hydrocarbon Polluted Sea Water

Synthesis of Super Magnetite(Fe3O4)/ Bentonite Nanocomposite for Efficient Remediation for Industrial Wastewater Effluents

Radioiodinated acemetacin loaded niosomes as a dual anticancer therapy.