In this chapter, we will restrict our attention to the ferrites and a few other closely related materials. The great interest in ferrites stems from their unique combination of a spontaneous magnetization and a high electrical resistivity. The observed magnetization results from the difference in the magnetizations of two non-equivalent sub-lattices of the magnetic ions in the crystal structure. Materials of this type should strictly be designated as “ferrimagnetic” and in some respects are more closely related to anti-ferromagnetic substances than they are to ferromagnetics in which the magnetization results from the parallel alignment of all the magnetic moments present. We shall not adhere to this special nomenclature except to emphasize effects, which are due to the existence of the sub-lattices.

Ferromagnetic materials

Light-Emitting Diodes. (Monographs in Electrical and Electronic Engineering.) By A. A. Bergh and P. J. Dean. Pp. viii+591. (Clarendon: Oxford; Oxford University: London, 1976.) £22.

/pdf/light-emitting-diodes-ubzde6g9qc.pdf

Light-emitting diodes

International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors 2003の要求清浄度について － シリコンウエハ表面と雰囲気環境に要求される清浄度, 分析方法の現状について －

Thank you for downloading design of analog cmos integrated circuits. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their chosen books like this design of analog cmos integrated circuits, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some harmful virus inside their computer. design of analog cmos integrated circuits is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library spans in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the design of analog cmos integrated circuits is universally compatible with any devices to read.

Design Of Analog Cmos Integrated Circuits

In recent years, free space optical (FSO) communication has gained significant importance owing to its unique features: large bandwidth, license free spectrum, high data rate, easy and quick deployability, less power, and low mass requirements. FSO communication uses optical carrier in the near infrared band to establish either terrestrial links within the Earth’s atmosphere or inter-satellite/deep space links or ground-to-satellite/satellite-to-ground links. It also finds its applications in remote sensing, radio astronomy, military, disaster recovery, last mile access, backhaul for wireless cellular networks, and many more. However, despite of great potential of FSO communication, its performance is limited by the adverse effects (viz., absorption, scattering, and turbulence) of the atmospheric channel. Out of these three effects, the atmospheric turbulence is a major challenge that may lead to serious degradation in the bit error rate performance of the system and make the communication link infeasible. This paper presents a comprehensive survey on various challenges faced by FSO communication system for ground-to-satellite/satellite-to-ground and inter-satellite links. It also provides details of various performance mitigation techniques in order to have high link availability and reliability. The first part of this paper will focus on various types of impairments that pose a serious challenge to the performance of optical communication system for ground-to-satellite/satellite-to-ground and inter-satellite links. The latter part of this paper will provide the reader with an exhaustive review of various techniques both at physical layer as well as at the other layers (link, network, or transport layer) to combat the adverse effects of the atmosphere. It also uniquely presents a recently developed technique using orbital angular momentum for utilizing the high capacity advantage of optical carrier in case of space-based and near-Earth optical communication links. This survey provides the reader with comprehensive details on the use of space-based optical backhaul links in order to provide high capacity and low cost backhaul solutions.

/pdf/optical-communication-in-space-challenges-and-mitigation-41d8by09lh.pdf

Optical Communication in Space: Challenges and Mitigation Techniques

The structural, mechanical, anisotropic, electronic, and thermal properties of t-Si3N4, t-Si2GeN4, t-SiGe2N4, and t-Ge3N4 in the tetragonal phase are systematically investigated in the present work. The mechanical stability is proved by the elastic constants of t-Si3N4, t-Si2GeN4, t-SiGe2N4, and t-Ge3N4. Moreover, they all demonstrate brittleness, because B/G < 1.75, and v < 0.26. The elastic anisotropy of t-Si3N4, t-Si2GeN4, t-SiGe2N4, and t-Ge3N4 is characterized by Poisson’s ratio, Young’s modulus, the percentage of elastic anisotropy for bulk modulus AB, the percentage of elastic anisotropy for shear modulus AG, and the universal anisotropic index AU. The electronic structures of t-Si3N4, t-Si2GeN4, t-SiGe2N4, and t-Ge3N4 are all wide band gap semiconductor materials, with band gaps of 4.26 eV, 3.94 eV, 3.83 eV, and 3.25 eV, respectively, when using the Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof (HSE06) hybrid functional. Moreover, t-Ge3N4 is a quasi-direct gap semiconductor material. The thermodynamic properties of t-Si3N4, t-Si2GeN4, t-SiGe2N4, and t-Ge3N4 are investigated utilizing the quasi-harmonic Debye model. The effects of temperature and pressure on the thermal expansion coefficient, heat capacity, Debye temperature, and Gruneisen parameters are discussed in detail.

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/11/3/397/pdf

Structural, Electronic, and Thermodynamic Properties of Tetragonal t-SixGe3-xN4

Band structures in wurtzite bulk ZnO/Zn1−xMgxO are calculated using first-principles based on the framework of generalized gradient approximation to density functional theory with the introduction of the on-site Coulomb interaction. Strain effects on band gap, splitting energies of valence bands, electron and hole effective masses in strained bulk ZnO are discussed. According to the results, the band gap increases gradually with increasing stress in strained ZnO as an Mg content of Zn1−xMgxO substrate less than 0.3, which is consistent with the experimental results. It is further demonstrated that electron mass of conduction band (CB) under stress increases slightly. There are almost no changes in effective masses of light hole band (LHB) and heavy hole band (HHB) along [00k] and [k00] directions under stress, and stress leads to an obvious decrease in effective masses of crystal splitting band (CSB) along the same directions.

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1674-4926/35/7/073004/pdf

Strain effects on band structure of wurtzite ZnO: a GGA + U study

Through-silicon-via insertion for performance optimization in three-dimensional integrated circuits

Optical network-on-chip (ONoC) has been proposed to provide higher bandwidth and lower power consumption for future multicore systems. However, due to the intrinsic characteristic of optical devices, crosstalk noise is a potential issue for ONoC. The traditional routing algorithms for Benes ONoC have not considered the aspect of crosstalk. In this paper, we build the crosstalk model of the optical switch and analyze the crosstalk noise, signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) and bit-error-rate (BER) for Benes ONoC. Moreover, we propose a routing algorithm to relieve the crosstalk problem. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the algorithm compared to the conventional alternatives.

A crosstalk aware routing algorithm for Benes ONoC

With the rapid development of the cloud computing, personal health record (PHR) has attracted great attention of many researchers all over the world recently. However, PHR, which is often outsourced to be stored at a third party, has many security and efficiency issues. Therefore, the study of secure and efficient Personal Health Record Scheme to protect users' privacy in PHR files is of great significance. In this paper, we present a secure and efficient Personal Health Record scheme called SE-PHR. In the SE-PHR scheme, we divide the users into personal domain (PSD) and public domain (PUD) logically. In the PSD, the Key-Aggregate Encryption called KAE is exploited. For the users of PUD, we use outsource-able multi-authority attribute-based encryption (MA-ABE) to largely eliminate the overhead for users and support efficient attribute revocation without updating the user's private key. Our scheme also presents a new algorithm which enables dynamic modification of access policies. Function and performance testing results show the security and efficiency of the proposed SE-PHR.

Yintang Yang

Papers

Structural, Electronic, and Thermodynamic Properties of Tetragonal t-SixGe3-xN4

Strain effects on band structure of wurtzite ZnO: a GGA + U study

Through-silicon-via insertion for performance optimization in three-dimensional integrated circuits

A crosstalk aware routing algorithm for Benes ONoC

Secure and Efficient Personal Health Record Scheme Using Attribute-Based Encryption