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Principles Of Fluorescence Spectroscopy

A review on g-C3N4-based photocatalysts

Because of the high catalytic activities and substrate specificity, natural enzymes have been widely used in industrial, medical, and biological fields, etc. Although promising, they often suffer from intrinsic shortcomings such as high cost, low operational stability, and difficulties of recycling. To overcome these shortcomings, researchers have been devoted to the exploration of artificial enzyme mimics for a long time. Since the discovery of ferromagnetic nanoparticles with intrinsic horseradish peroxidase-like activity in 2007, a large amount of studies on nanozymes have been constantly emerging in the next decade. Nanozymes are one kind of nanomaterials with enzymatic catalytic properties. Compared with natural enzymes, nanozymes have the advantages such as low cost, high stability and durability, which have been widely used in industrial, medical, and biological fields. A thorough understanding of the possible catalytic mechanisms will contribute to the development of novel and high-efficient nanozymes, and the rational regulations of the activities of nanozymes are of great significance. In this review, we systematically introduce the classification, catalytic mechanism, activity regulation as well as recent research progress of nanozymes in the field of biosensing, environmental protection, and disease treatments, etc. in the past years. We also propose the current challenges of nanozymes as well as their future research focus. We anticipate this review may be of significance for the field to understand the properties of nanozymes and the development of novel nanomaterials with enzyme mimicking activities.

Nanozymes: Classification, Catalytic Mechanisms, Activity Regulation, and Applications

PROMETHEE: A comprehensive literature review on methodologies and applications

The present paper review the drug-DNA interactions, their types and applications of experimental techniques used to study interactions between DNA and small ligand molecules that are potentially of pharmaceutical interest. DNA has been known to be the cellular target for many cytotoxic anticancer agents for several decades. Understanding how drug molecules interact with DNA has become an active research area at the interface between chemistry, molecular biology and medicine. In this review article, we attempt to bring together topics that cover the breadth of this large area of research. The interaction of drugs with DNA is a significant feature in pharmacology and plays a vital role in the determination of the mechanisms of drug action and designing of more efficient and specifically targeted drugs with lesser side effects. Several instrumental techniques are used to study such interactions. In the present review, we will discuss UV-Visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The applications of spectroscopic techniques are reviewed and we have discussed the type of information (qualitative or quantitative) that can be obtained from the use of each technique. Not only have novel techniques been applied to study drug-DNA interactions but such interactions may also be the basis for the development of new assays. The interaction between DNA and drugs can cause chemical and conformational modifications and, thus, variation of the electrochemical properties of nucleobases.

Drug-DNA interactions and their study by UV-Visible, fluorescence spectroscopies and cyclic voltametry.

Effects of aluminum on amyloid-beta aggregation in the context of Alzheimer’s disease

A facile, one-pot synthetic method has been proposed to prepare water-soluble fluorescent copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) templated by nucleosides. The nucleoside-templated fluorescent CuNCs were further characterized by using various analytical techniques, such as transmission electron microscopy, X–ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The role of various reactants such as ascorbic acid, nucleoside, and citrate buffer in the synthesis process of fluorescent CuNCs was explored. The results showed that nucleoside and ascorbic acid were very likey to respectively act as a stabilizer and a reductant to form nanoclusters, and citrate buffer acted as both pH regulator solution and a reducing agent. The fluorescence spectra of various nucleoside-templated CuNCs were finally combined with multivariate chemometrics analysis for discrimination of different nucleosides.

One-Pot Aqueous Synthesis of Nucleoside-Templated Fluorescent Copper Nanoclusters and Their Application for Discrimination of Nucleosides.

A novel method for simultaneous analysis of three beta2-agonists in foods with the use of a gold-nanoparticle modified glassy carbon electrode and chemometrics

A novel electrochemical sensor based on the copper-doped copper oxide nano-particles for the analysis of hydrogen peroxide

An efficient method for the analysis of hydroquinone at trace levels in water samples has been developed in the form of a fluorescent probe based on graphene quantum dots (GQDs). The analytical variable, fluorescence quenching, was generated from the formation of benzoquinone intermediates, which formed during the catalytic oxidation of hydroquinone by horseradish peroxidase (HRP). In general, the reaction mechanism involved hydroquinone, as an electron acceptor, which affected the surface state of GQDs via an electron transfer effect. The water-soluble GQDs were directly prepared by the pyrolysis of citric acid and with the use of the mentioned hybrid enzyme system, the detection limit for hydroquinone was as low as 8.4 × 10−8 M. Furthermore, this analysis was almost unaffected by other phenol and quinine compounds, such as phenol, resorcinol and other quinines, and therefore, the developed GQD method produced satisfactory results for the analysis of hydroquinone in several different lake water samples.

A novel fluorescent probe involving a graphene quantum dot–enzyme hybrid system for the analysis of hydroquinone in the presence of toxic resorcinol and catechol

Yongnian Ni

Papers

Effects of aluminum on amyloid-beta aggregation in the context of Alzheimer’s disease

One-Pot Aqueous Synthesis of Nucleoside-Templated Fluorescent Copper Nanoclusters and Their Application for Discrimination of Nucleosides.

A novel method for simultaneous analysis of three beta2-agonists in foods with the use of a gold-nanoparticle modified glassy carbon electrode and chemometrics

A novel electrochemical sensor based on the copper-doped copper oxide nano-particles for the analysis of hydrogen peroxide

A novel fluorescent probe involving a graphene quantum dot–enzyme hybrid system for the analysis of hydroquinone in the presence of toxic resorcinol and catechol