Showing papers by "Cross River University of Technology published in 2017"
TL;DR: In this article, a new slug frequency correlation that accounts for liquid viscosity and gas superficial velocity, hitherto not included in other correlations was proposed, which gave the best prediction with an average absolute percentage error (AAPE) of 19.91%.
25 citations
01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the inhibition behavior of Spondias mombin leaf extracts in 0.1 M HCl solution on mild steel at various concentrations and temperatures and found that the inhibition efficiency of the extract on the mild steel sheet increases with increasing concentration and decreases with increase in temperature.
Abstract: This research investigated the inhibition behavior of Spondias mombin leaf (SML) extracts in 0.1 M HCl solution on mild steel at various concentrations and temperatures. The result reveals that the inhibition efficiency of the extract on the mild steel sheet increases with increasing concentration of the extract and decreases with increase in temperature. Therefore, the adsorption mechanism of the extract on the mild steel surface is physical. Calculated Correlation Coefficient (R) values show that the process follows a Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The proposed temperature coefficient equation of adsorption mechanism was found to be appropriate.
10 citations
01 Nov 2017
TL;DR: The results obtained show that symmetrical three phase fault is the most severe kind at the transmission lines, while for faults occurring very close to the generating station or synchronous generator, single line to ground fault isThe most severe.
Abstract: When a short-circuit occurs in a power system, the magnitude of the fault currents, which is very high compared to the steady state current that flows in the power system, is determined by the reactance of the power system equipment (and the reactance of the ground if ground is involved) It is essential that symmetrical and unsymmetrical analysis of the power system network be undertaken to determine the magnitude of these fault currents and fault MVA (Megavolt-Ampere) so as to select adequate ratings of the power system protective devices — such as circuit breakers, relays and fuses Otherwise, these protective devices will not operate properly in the event of faults thereby causing considerable damage to life and equipment In this paper, the Nigeria 330KV network, 32 bus system is considered using relevant data which was obtained from the Nigerian National Integrated Power Project (NIPP) inhouse Grid Study Team Report, and the Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN) Power System toolbox in MATLAB was used to carry out the simulation analysis Fault impedance was set to j∗01, and the various kinds of faults were simulated at bus 32 (Calabar) and bus 6 (Ayede) Base MVA of 100 MVA and Base KV of 330 KV were used The results obtained show that symmetrical three phase fault is the most severe kind at the transmission lines, while for faults occurring very close to the generating station or synchronous generator, single line to ground fault is the most severe
10 citations
TL;DR: Alcohol Increased oxidative stress and SDF altering the ability of spermatozoa to fertilize oocytes alters the ability to father biological children in a rat model.
Abstract: Background: There is a passionate desire for couples to own their own biological children. Unfortunately, infertility index has been increasing with about 50% attributed to male factor infertility. Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) has been suggested as one of the causes of infertility in men; however, there have been controversies as regards its relationship with the successful management of infertility. Aim: This study is aimed at determining the impact of SDF on fertility potentials in a rat model. Materials and Methods: Twenty adult male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups of five rats each. Groups A1(distilled water) and B1 (2 g/kg of 30% v/v ethanol) lasted for 4 weeks while Groups A2(control; distilled water) and B2 (2 g/kg of 30% v/v ethanol) lasted for 8 weeks. At the end of each treatment, the animals were introduced to female SD rats on the proestrous day of their cycle. The testis was harvested and tested for oxidative stress while the cauda epididymis was harvested to test for epididymal sperm Parameters and SDF. Results: The sperm count, sperm motility, and the number of fetuses sired by the animals that received alcohol decreased significantly (P Conclusion: Alcohol Increased oxidative stress and SDF altering the ability of spermatozoa to fertilize oocytes.
9 citations
Book•
18 Aug 2017TL;DR: A survey on the role of soil organic matter (SOM) in tropical soil productivity was carried out with the objective of highlighting on the effects and benefits of organic matter on soil biophysical chemical properties and yield of crops in the tropics as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A survey on the role of soil organic matter (SOM) in tropical soil productivity was carried out with the objective of highlighting on the effects and benefits of organic matter on soil biophysical chemical properties and yield of crops in the tropics. It was revealed that tropical soils are inherently low in fertility due to predominance of kaolinitic clays. The soils are low in CEC, OM, available P and base saturation. Inorganic fertilizers are scarce and costly in addition to negative effects on soil causing acidification and induced micronutrients deficiencies. Organic matter contain a wide range of macro and micro nutrients. On mineralization, these nutrients are released, in addition to contributing of organic matter to the soil. This manure also improves physical properties and ultimately increase crop yield on a sustainable basis.
8 citations
01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: In this paper, the results revealed that the corrosion rate increases with temperature and time, and the concentration of ethanollic extract of Phyllanthus amarus (EEPA) to the corroding environment lowered the corrosion ratio of mild steel and increased inhibition efficiency.
Abstract: Ethanollic extract of Phyllanthus amarus (EEPA) was tested as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 2 M HCl solution using gravimetric and gasometric methods at 303, 313, 323 K and 333 K. The results revealed that the corrosion rate increases with temperature and time. Addition of the concentration of ethanollic extract of Phyllanthus amarus to the corroding environment lowered the corrosion rate of mild steel and increased inhibition efficiency (IE %) of ethanollic extract. Inhibition efficiency was found to decreased with temperature. Fitting of the experimental data to the Arrhenius and Transition state equations revealed that the Organic constituents of the extract were physically adsorbed on the corroding surface of the steel and adsorption of ethanollic extract of Phyllanthus amarus (EEPA) on mild steel surface was found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and Freundlich adsorption isotherm and sign of the Gibb’s fee energy of the adsorption obtained suggested that inhibitor molecules have been spontaneously adsorbed onto the mild steel surface. Positive values obtained for enthalpy change indicated that the adsorption of inhibitor is endothermic.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the variants of intercooler effectiveness on exergo-economic and exero-sustainability indicators of modified Brayton cycles and established a component by component exergy-cost balances.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the suitability of burnt and crushed cow bones (BCCB) as partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete was studied and the percentage of replacements of fine aggregates of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%, respectively of BCCB were tested considering 1: 2: 4 and 1: 1 1/2 : 3 concrete mix ratios.
Abstract: The suitability of burnt and crushed cow bones (BCCB) as partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete was studied. The percentages of replacements of fine aggregates of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%, respectively of BCCB were tested considering 1: 2: 4 and 1: 1 1 / 2 :3 concrete mix ratios. The cow bones were burnt for 50 minutes up to 92 o C before being crushed. Ninety-six (96) concrete cubes of 1: 2: 4 mix ratio and ninety-six (96) concrete cubes of 1 : Â : 3 mix ratio measuring 150x150x150mm were tested for the compressive strength at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days respectively. The research revealed that the BCCB acted as a retarder in the concrete. Water-cement ratio increased with the increase in the percentage of the BCCB. The mixes of 1:2:4 and 1: :3 at 28 days curing yielded average compressive strengths in N/mm 2 ranging from 16.49 - 24.29 and 18.71 - 29.73, respectively. For the mix ratios of 1:2:4 and 1: : 3 at 28 days curing age, Â it was observed that increase in the BCCB content beyond 40 and 50%, respectively resulted to the reduction of the average compressive strength below recommended minimum strength for use of concrete in structural works. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i3.4
7 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this article, the corrosion inhibition potentials of alkaloid, saponin and flavonoid extracts of Ocimunbasilicum leaves were investigated by evaluating the corrosion behaviour of Iron immersed in 1.0 M H2SO4 solutions containing varied concentration of the extract (0.5 g/L, 1.5 ml, 2.0 ml, 3 ml, 4 ml, 5 ml, 6 ml, 7 ml, 8 ml, 9 ml, 10 ml, and 10 ml) using chemical methods.
Abstract: The corrosion inhibition potentials of alkaloid, saponin and flavonoid extracts of Ocimunbasilicum leaves were investigated by evaluating the corrosion behaviour of Iron immersed in 1.0 M H2SO4 solutions containing varied concentration of the extract (0.5 g/L, 1.0 g/L, 2.0 g/L, 3.5 g/L, 5.0 g/L, 7.5 g/L and 10.0 g/L) using chemical methods. Maximum temperature attained, reaction time, thermodynamic data and adsorption characterizations were utilized to evaluate the corrosion inhibition and adsorption properties of the extract. The results revealed that, the corrosion of Iron decreases with increase in concentration of alkaloid extract, saponin extract and flavonoid extract, also, increases with increase in H2SO4 concentration. The increase in addition of the green inhibitors to the corrosive medium, improve the values of inhibition efficiency of the extract in the order AEOBL > SEOBL > FEOBL. In all cases, Flavonoid extracts exhibits least effect on the corrosion of Zinc in comparison with alkaloids and saponins. Results obtained from adsorption studies indicated that, all the green inhibitors were adsorbed on the surface of the Iron and that the adsorption fit excellently with the assumptions of the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. All data acquired revealed that Ocimunbasilicum leaves are efficient inhibitors of corrosion in acid medium due to the presence of heterocompounds: saponins, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, carbohydrates, reducing sugars, terpenoids, steroids and alkaloids.
6 citations
18 Dec 2017
TL;DR: In this article, a sample of 230 medical students (100 males and 130 females) of Nigerian parentage, aged 18 to 36 years was recruited for this research, and they measured their height and digit lengths following standard procedures, followed by statistical analysis using SPSS (Version 20 Chicago Inc).
Abstract: Identification of an individual using stature is of great significance in forensic practice. With the increasing frequency of natural and man-influenced disasters, it has become imperative for forensic anthropologists to establish population-specific forensic reference standards. This study aimed to derive predictive equations for stature estimation using five digit lengths. A sample of 230 medical students (100 males and 130 females) of Nigerian parentage, aged 18 to 36 years was recruited for this research. Stature and digit lengths were measured following standard procedures, followed by statistical analysis using SPSS (Version 20 Chicago Inc). Results of descriptive showed average stature of 176.36 ± 8.13cm, 164.38 ± 6.62cm and 169.59 ± 8.79cm for males, females and pooled sample respectively. Sexual dimorphism was observed to be statistically significant (P 99% . Digits correlation with stature from this study may be of great relevance in human identification. Keywords: Forensic Sciences; Human Identification; Stature; Digits; Nigerians.
6 citations
10 Jan 2017
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The antimicrobial efficacy of the formaldehyde, petroleum ether and hexane extracts of Vernonia amygdalina on bacteria isolated from a popular local beverage “kunu” sold in various locations in Calabar Metropolis was evaluated.
Abstract: The antimicrobial efficacy of the formaldehyde, petroleum ether and hexane extracts of Vernonia amygdalina on bacteria isolated from a popular local beverage “kunu” sold in various locations in Calabar Metropolis was evaluated. The antibacterial activity was compared with standard antibiotics. Bacteriological assessment of kunu was conducted using standard sensitivity test methods. The results revealed the presence of various species of bacteria including Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus feacalis, Bacteriodes fragillis, Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus subtillis, Corynebacterium sp. and Micrococcus spp. The antibacterial activity of the formaldehyde extract of V. amygdalina inhibited some of these bacteria to a greater extent than the other extracts and standard antibiotics. Plants are rich source of antibacterial agents, which could be exploited in human disease management and many edible vegetables in Nigeria have been known to have antibacterial potentials. The presence of bacteria and the level of antibacterial activity of V. amygdalina on them signify the health benefit of this particular vegetable and thus the public health importance of the preparation and consumption of kunu. Keywords: Vernonia amygdalina, Staphylococcus, kunu, public health, antibiotics
01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: Plant analysis data indicate Moringa oleifera to be a good nutrient carrier of elements that can enhance effective and productive cultivation of crops, while in-turn maintaining soil fertility status.
Abstract: The results of this research reveal Moringa oleifera to be an effective nutrient-agent for biofertilizer production. Herein, plant analysis data indicate Moringa to be a good nutrient carrier of elements that can enhance effective and productive cultivation of crops, while in-turn maintaining soil fertility status.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discussed the sustainability of low-income housing in Nigeria vis-a-vis building regulation/minimum design standards, and appraised the practicability of the existing minimum housing standards regarded as a borrowed idea in relation to the socioeconomic realities of the lowincome urban dwellers.
Abstract: This sustainability of low-income housing in Nigerian cities vis-a-vis building regulation/minimum design standards is discussed in this paper. Thus, the papers appraised the practicability of the existing minimum housing standards regarded as a borrowed idea in relation to the socio-economic realities of the low-income urban dwellers. Data collection involved both qualitative and qualitative data from the private owners and rentals /users of low-income housing available in the study area. This study employs non-probability sampling designs which are a combination of purposive and expert sampling techniques. Sample frame of 20 housing units in the low-income neighbourhood and respondents were selected for in-depth study and interview, while only 15 key informants were interviewed. This was complemented with 1440 questionnaires distributed across the low-income residential neighbourhoods. The quantitative data were analysed using both simple descriptive and inferential statistics; this was done using the Minitab Statistical Package (MSP), Version 14 and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 which involved the calculation of the Chi-Square test while the qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis from where themes and conclusions were drawn. Findings show that the existing housing standards is not realistic and the low-income urban dwellers cannot afford the conventional standard houses because it requires high construction cost, building material and labour due to their poverty level. The paper further re-developed a proposed minimum housing standard which is practical and affordable to the urban poor. Finally, it recommended that housing standards should be based on the concept of “low and upgradable” which is relaxed and flexible for the low-income group while also encouraging incremental housing approach including the provision of basic infrastructure services by the government to enhance liveability. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.20.3.18208
Book•
20 Jul 201701 Jan 2017
TL;DR: Papaya has been found to contain phytochemicals, serving Antimicrobial, Anthelmintic, Antimalarial including Pharmacological purposes, which aid in the development of human/animal nutrition, healthcare, industrial including pharmaceutical production.
Abstract: From time immemorial fruits have always played a major role in Human nutrition, in addition to playing a crucial role in pharmaceutical/industrial production of consumable products. Papaya (Carica papaya Linn.) has been shown to have high value of medicinal properties, serving numerous treatments in traditional/herbal medication. Papaya has been found to contain phytochemicals, serving Antimicrobial, Anthelmintic, Antimalarial including Pharmacological purposes. Other part of Papaya like the seed including the skin have also been found to contain unique chemicals which aid in the development of human/animal nutrition, healthcare, industrial including pharmaceutical production.
16 Oct 2017
TL;DR: The model described the interaction of the immune system with HIV and permitted drug “cocktail” therapies in the presence of structured treatment interruptions showed how STI therapies can lead to long control of HIV by the immune response system after discontinuation of therapy.
Abstract: In pursuant of some vital models for HIV dynamics and treatment progression we identified and formulated as penultimate model a set of Dimension classical mathematical model which accounted for the dynamical interplay of dual HIV ndash parasitoid pathogen infections on dual immune systems studied using multiple chemotherapy cocktail in the presence of enhanced immune effectors response The model was considered as a continuous multiple chemotherapy treatment MCT and as periodic multiple chemotherapy treatment PMC transformed to an optimal control problem The positivity of the model state variables and stability properties was conducted Deploying classical optimal control theory the model used Pontryagin rsquo s maximum principle to investigate the existence of optimal control strategy established the optimality control system and justified the uniqueness of the system solutions Numerical methods were explored to numerically solve the existing model via Runge Kutter ndash in a Mathcad surface The result of the numerical analysis did not only identified PMC treatment as possible technique for the reduction of drug side effects and suppression of dual HIV ndash pathogen infection by enhanced immune effectors response but largely established continuous MCT which indicated complete elimination of dual HIV ndash pathogen viruses and provided window for quantification of minimized systemic cost as a more formidable approach in tackling the menace of the of the deadly dual infectivity Thus a broader verification and application of the model to related infectious disease is therefore suggested
01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: The paper concluded that open waste dumpsites is the simplest way of waste disposal, as such, there is need to direct appropriate health communication strategies to change the unwholesome attitude, behavior and practices towards waste disposal and dumpsites management.
Abstract: Health communication is an essential tool in disseminating adequate health information and creating necessary awareness/ consciousness among the people of a geographical location. It also helps in facilitating effective decision making that enhances public health. Waste, if not properly managed often cause a serious environmental and health risk. The current unwholesome waste disposal practices and management system in Nigeria is very worrisome and poses a classic health communication challenge. The paper concluded that open waste dumpsites is the simplest way of waste disposal, as such, there is need to direct appropriate health communication strategies to change the unwholesome attitude, behavior and practices towards waste disposal and dumpsites management. It also advocates for the use of health communication to mobilize and sensitize the people towards appropriate waste disposal as well as speedy adoption of modern waste management system to ensure adequate protection of the environment and public health.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The isolation of aflatoxin producing species of Aspergillus from foodstuffs sold in calabar market was investigated and there were variations in the degree of occurrence of each of the two species in each of these samples.
Abstract: The isolation of aflatoxin producing species of Aspergillus from foodstuffs sold in calabar market was investigated. A total of eight food samples were bought from markets within Calabar. The samples were separately analysed for the presence of aflatoxin producing species of Aspergillus. The isolation of these species was carried out using dilution plating and direct plating methods respectively. Altogether thirteen species of moulds belonging to three genera were isolated from these samples. The most predominant genus-Aspergillus accounted for ten species, while Penicillium accounted for two species and Rhizopus accounted for one species. The aflatoxin producing species of Aspergillus, A. flavus was isolated from six food samples (peanuts, rice, groundnuts, wheat, maize and flour) while A. parasiticus was isolated from four food samples (peanuts, rice maize and groundnuts). However, there were variations in the degree of occurrence of each of the two species in each of these samples. Key Words: Aflatoxin, Aspergillus species, food stuffs.
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify the challenges faced by principals and school supervisors in using biometric machine and profound solutions to them. But there are numerous challenges faced in using this wonderful machine.
Abstract: Schools in the 21st century are supervised and managed electronically with the use of computer system and other electronic device. Biometric machine as one of such device is a unique machine capable of managing time attendance in any school or organization such as employee work hour, resumption and departure time, number of hours worked, number of days at work, amount of extra hours worked, amount of extra hours incentives earned, adequate staff monitoring, existence of ghost workers, number of punctual employees, number of late employees and number of absent employees. But there are numerous challenges faced by principals and school supervisors in using this wonderful machine. This paper seeks to identify these challenges and profound solutions to them. Questionnaires were designed, distributed and completed by twenty four administrative staff, fifty two teaching staff and fifty two staff from other department in Access High School, Calabar municipality in Cross River State. The departments were selected as a cluster to represent the school generally. Results indicated that administrative staff and the teaching staff believe that biometric machine strengthen their commitment to work as they are being monitor and paid accordingly. While other staff including kitchen, library, security, gardeners etc. believe that the use of biometric machine in school supervision contribute to the shortage in their salary. The paper concludes that the negative perception about the use of biometric machine in school supervision can only occur when the machine is faulty or as a backup battery problem and that biometric machine is a blessing for school supervisors and administrators and it makes their work more efficient than before.
01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored the communication challenges of polio immunization program in Nigeria and argued that public relations play vital roles in increasing public trust, participation, mobilisation and motivation towards the polio eradication programme.
Abstract: Wild Polio Virus (WPV) is one of those severe health challenges confronting developing nations. Nigeria is labelled a reservoirs of wild polio virus (WPV) in the world; a disturbing status that has encumbered the country economically and otherwise. This polio infection has also claimed the lives of several promising Nigerian children and has limited the future of many, who are today permanently paralysed. Despite government and international agencies’ effort, the country in 2016 lost a chance to be declared ‘a polio free nation’ by the World Health Organisation (WHO). This paper explores the communication challenges of polio immunisation programme in Nigeria. Excellence Theory was adopted to drive its theoretical framework. The paper argues that the achievement of a polio free status and the sustenance of same in developing countries. As such, public relations play vital roles in increasing public trust, participation, mobilisation and motivation towards the polio eradication programme.
TL;DR: In this paper, the availability and accessibility to mortgage finance towards sustainable housing delivery system in Nigeria was appraised. And strategies for promoting accessibility to housing financing for sustainable house delivery is suggested in this paper.
Abstract: The success of any sustainable housing delivery system depends on a wide range of factors which includes availability and accessibility to mortgage finance. The paper appraised the availability and accessibility to mortgage finance towards sustainable housing delivery system in Nigeria. Methodology of study involved the use of questionnaires to collect information from respondents. Questionnaires were distributed to 320 staff of Cross River University of Technology, Calabar from a population of 1042 staff representing 30.7%.. In addition, fifteen respondents purposely selected were orally interviewed. The data collected were analyzed using simple statistics, percentages and content analysis respectively. The secondary data involved available research data, official documents and data obtained from literature, books and journals. Findings reveal that the key challenge of accessing housing finance in Nigeria is affordability challenge. These include 10% - 30% equity contribution, maximum tenures of only 10-25 years, high interest rate of 22% and the non-availability of long-term funding for housing development The paper opined that availability and accessibility to adequate mortgage financing will stimulate sustainable housing delivery process in Nigeria. Finally, strategies for promoting accessibility to housing financing for sustainable housing delivery is suggested in this paper.
TL;DR: Regression equations formulated showed that foot breadth was a better predictor of stature in males while foot length was more reliable in predicting stature in females of Efik descent.
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Estimation of stature is an important factor in forensic studies and occupies a foremost position in anthropometric research. The aim of the present work was to determine the reliability of foot dimensions in estimating stature in adult of Efik ethnicity in Cross River State. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The individuals comprised of 600 adult indigenes (300 males and 300 females) of Efi k ethnic group in Cross River State between the ages of 18–45 years. Student's t-test, Pearson's correlation, and Regression analysis were used to estimate the stature in the study population. RESULTS: Our results showed that stature in males had a mean value of 165.40 cm, whereas in females, it was 161.67 cm. More so, foot dimensions studied showed sexual dimorphism. Foot length in male individuals was 25.30 cm, while in females, foot length measured was 23.48 cm. Furthermore, the mean foot breadth in males was 9.20 cm, while in females, foot breadth was 8.37 cm. Statistical analysis revealed that the difference in foot length and foot breadth between males and females was statistically significant (P CONCLUSION: Regression equations formulated showed that foot breadth was a better predictor of stature in males while foot length was more reliable in predicting stature in females of Efik descent. These findings will be of immense benefit to physical anthropology and forensic studies Kteuydwieos rodfs t:he study environment.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the performance of various aeroderivative gas turbine models derived from a high bypass turbofan engine (HBTE) and showed that they can be used for a variety of applications.
Abstract: The paper presents the evaluation of the performance of various aeroderivative gas turbine models (AGTM) derived from a high bypass turbofan engine (HBTE). The objective of the study is to determin...
TL;DR: Maize has been shown to have the potential to sustained human health-related cases, raise standard of living of farmers, served as a soil fertility indicator crop, generate income and increase food-crop production for the increasing human population.
Abstract: Corn possesses significances nutrients, minerals and vitamins, which provides nutrition in animal diet as well as man. Its health benefits have been countless since the prehistoric era. Maize has been revealed to have the potential to sustained human health-related cases, raise standard of living of farmers, served as a soil fertility indicator crop, generate income and increase food-crop production for the increasing human population. Industrial utilization of maize has been shown to include: wet milling, production of bio-fuel, ethanol and other sub-byproducts.
01 Nov 2017
TL;DR: The results show that the proposed controller robustly stabilizes the system and equally achieves the setpoint tracking goal and the control voltage which is the control input is also found to be within practicable limits.
Abstract: This paper proposes a H-infinity-PID cascade control technique for the control of an open-loop unstable system, the ball and beam system This property of being open-loop unstable makes this system ideal for investigating the performance of different control techniques A 5th order nonlinear model of the ball and beam plant is derived to include the actuation mechanism A H-infinity-PID controller is proposed and applied to the system using a cascade structure The control goal is to drive the ball to any desired position on the beam A check for robustness of the closed loop is also performed using frequency domain methods The results show that the proposed controller robustly stabilizes the system and equally achieves the setpoint tracking goal The control voltage which is the control input is also found to be within practicable limits
01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: Results of the study indicated Okra containing vital nutrients which aids in proper functioning of the human biological system, and presented okra as a local cash crop to meet the fast growing human population.
Abstract: Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) has been found productive, serving nutritional, medicinal, pharmaceutical including economic values. Result of the study indicated Okra containing vital nutrients which aids in proper functioning of the human biological system. Okra has been found to raise the standard of living/economy of local farmers, apart from serving as food. Utilization of Okra in herbal medicine presents the crop as having the potential of maintaining human health. Traditional utilization of the crop has proof its ability to continue to further the advancement in human development. Result of the study presented okra as a local cash crop, owing to the fact that the demand and patronage of the vegetable crop has increase, threrby bringing more income to the farmers and partly contributing to increase in food/crop production to meet the fast growing human population, especially in developing countries including Nigeria.
TL;DR: Chitin whiskers reinforced poly(acrylicacid) films were prepared by casting as mentioned in this paper, and the tensile strength increased as chitin increases up to 11.39% and gradually decreases.
TL;DR: Examination malpractice as an indisciplinary act towards a societal ruin was surveyed in this paper, where different forms, causes and agents of examination malpractices have been identified, seeking a control guide where these factors can be tackled for the benefit of the Nigerian society and the world at large.
Abstract: Examination Malpractices as an indisciplinary act towards a societal ruin was surveyed. Findings of this study presented examination malpractices as an act capable of dragging the society into ruin. Results of the statistical analysis were significant (p<0.005), proofing examination malpractices as an act been perpetrated in schools for the benefit of the parties involved. Different forms, causes and agents of examination malpractices have been identified, seeking a control guide where these factors can be tackled for the benefit of the Nigerian society and the world at large. The mode of life contrary to societal development has been identified as indiscipline with characteristics, which do not conform to the development of the environment. The regular violations of school rules, constant violence been experienced in the country today, turn-down of court orders, broken homes, including loss of respect for Humanity, metamorphoses from indiscipline, from one stage/form to the other. The Research finding further revealed that this act is one of the possible reasons for some level of underdevelopment been experienced in some of the developing countries like Nigeria. Tackling indisciplinary acts like examination malpractice can help to revive a society’s morals, including her economic status, where development can be sustainable for the benefit of the present and unborn generations, and to create an ideal society where human dignity and respect for academics as one of the factors for strong economic development can prevail. Recommendations of this survey include good home training and upbringing, leadership by example, engagement of an individual in life rewarding activities to exit idleness, including setting of realistic rules guiding the act of examination malpractice as an act of indiscipline.
TL;DR: A survey on economics of maize production in Nigeria and its traditional utilization was conducted by as mentioned in this paper, where maize has the potential of increasing the economy of the nation and has been able to increase the income of the local people and foreign exchange earnings, as observed where price of the crop during 1980 (2500) stands below price at 1989 (14000).
Abstract: A survey on economics of Maize (Zea mays L.) production in Nigeria and its traditional utilization was conducted. Result of the survey presented maize having the potential of increasing the economy of the nation. Analyzed data presented maize been able to increase the income of the local people and foreign exchange earnings, as observed where price of the crop during 1980 (2500) stands below price at 1989 (14000). Increased in land utilization with increase in years was observed in data analyzed as 1980 (95600 hectares) of land area stands below (211740) in1989. Traditional utilization of maize has been found to include where the crop is been used as herbal medicine, as food, in traditional religion, in-addition to where the crop is been utilized in marital rituals.